Phytolith Analysis (Other Keyword)

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Unami Creek Open Site, 36BU0445, is situated along Unami Creek in Bucks County, southeastern Pennsylvania. Originally, the site was thought to exhibit evidence of Late Archaic to Early Woodland (3700–2600 BP), Middle Woodland (2000–1700 BP), and Late woodland (1300–465 BP) occupation. Over 5,000 lithic artifacts were recovered, including Fox Creek and Late Woodland triangular projectile points. In addition, a late Woodland radiocarbon date (510–400 BP) was obtained. Fifteen flaked lithics...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Caitlin A. Clark.

Midland Site #8 (20MD38), is a multi-component prehistoric site located in Chippewassee Park, Midland County, Michigan. The site was originally situated on stratified floodplain alluvium near the confluence of the Chippewa and Tittabawasee Rivers. In the 1970s, the city of Midland built Chippewassee Park and buried the site under a gravel parking lot and cleared grassy area (Kevin Schwarz, personal communication, November 12, 2018). Current archaeological investigations were conducted by ASC...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Caitlin A. Clark.

Located in Buck County, Pennsylvania, the Split Site (36BU0449) is situated in a diabase boulder field, perched above extensive wetlands draining into Ridge Valley Creek. The site is divided into eastern and western halves by the Pennsylvania Turnpike Northeast Extension, which destroyed portions of the archaeological site during construction in the 1950s (Joel Dworsky, personal communication, November 5, 2019). The eastern half (Split Site East) produced a high volume of archaeological...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost.

A large basalt mortar was submitted for phytolith, starch, and protein residue analyses from site 45DO917. This is a pre-contact site located on Lower Moses Coulee near Wenatchee, Washington. The goal of these analyses is to identify plant and animal resources that may have been processed using this mortar.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost.

Two mauls from two different Besant-aged bison kill sites (EjPk-3 and EgPn-111, southern Alberta, Canada) were submitted for protein residue, phytolith and starch grain analysis. The goal of these analyses is to recover and detect plant and animal remains that may be present on the surface of these tools. Such evidence would provide information useful in determining the function of these tools.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Kathryn Puseman.

Bifaces and tools from the Medhold Site, 45PI728, in western Washington were submitted for protein residue analysis. This analysis was used to detect plant and animal residues that might have been preserved within the microscopic crevasses on the working surfaces of these tools. Four of the cobble tools and an expedient tool also were analyzed for phytoliths and starches. Some plants produce opal silica phytoliths that are unique to those plants and/or specific plant parts. Starch grains can be...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Chad Yost. Melissa K. Logan. Linda Scott Cummings.

Fill samples from two prehistoric hearths and a rock alignment at the Hay-1 site, FS-050155229, in Los Angeles County, California, were examined for phytoliths, starches, macrofloral remains, and organic residues. The organic residues were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). This site contains both historic and prehistoric components, and the prehistoric component includes a lithic scatter with groundstone, flaked stone tools, boulder milling features, and a quartzite...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan. Chad Yost.

A ceramic rim sherd and two bone fragments from the Ne’hu-lat-poe Village, site 10IH3337, in the Nez Perce National Forest in Idaho County, Idaho, were submitted for AMS radiocarbon dating. This multicomponent site is one of five ancient Nez Perce villages found in the area. Phytolith, starch, and organic residue analyses also were performed on the ceramic rim sherd. The sherd was tested for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Phytolith, starch, and organic...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

A single sediment sample from the upper fill of a heated rock feature at site PL-SCESEG6-08 in Los Angeles County, California, was examined for phytoliths, starch, macrofloral remains, and organic residues, the latter using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), to look for evidence of foods that might have been processed in this feature. Charcoal from the feature also was identified and submitted for AMS radiocarbon dating to provide temporal information. This feature contained...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Site 21-85 is located within the Western New England Marble Valley subzone with the Vermont Valley extending north towards Massachusetts. The site is situated in Canaan, County Lichfield, Connecticut on the edge of Robbins Swamp. Robbins Swamp was important to Native Americans during the pre-contact period as an ecological and cultural resource. Four soil control samples for 16 lithics from a various depths and units were submitted for protein analysis. Additionally, three ceramic samples were...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

Sherds from two ceramic vessels with visible residue from the Metz site (33ER557) were submitted for phytolith, starch, organic residue (FTIR), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Two celts were submitted for phytolith, starch, protein residue (CIEP), and FTIR analysis. Phytolith, starch, protein residue, and organic residue analyses were undertaken to better understand what foods may have been prepared or processed using these items. XRD analysis of the exterior slip coating provides...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Deborah M. Pearsall.

"Plants and People in Ancient Ecuador: The Ethnobotany of the Jama River Valley" explores the interrelationships between the prehistoric residents of a small valley in coastal Ecuador (South America) and the dry tropical forest habitat in which they lived. The book has three related objectives. First, "Plants and People in Ancient Ecuador" is an ethnobotany, a work that explores how, through the medium of cul­ture, people shape and are shaped by the world in which they live. I take as my...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

Five archaeological sites (two agricultural and three habitation) were examined in the Fort Mountain Project located in the Union Hills area north of Phoenix. Four of these archaeological sites were examined for archaeobotanic remains. Site AZ T:8:4(ASM), a residential site, yielded five pollen samples for analysis from three habitation features. Site AZ T:8:9(ASM) was comprised of numerous rock piles, five of which were examined for both pollen and phytoliths that might inform concerning...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and phytolith samples were examined from a variety of occupational proveniences within areas 8/9 and 14 at Pueblo Salado to examine the subsistence record. In addition to identifying vegetal elements of the subsistence base, examination of pollen from occupational proveniences provides evidence of patterns of economic activities. Pollen may contribute to an understanding of functional differentiation of space at Pueblo Salado, an element of Problem Domain I. Examination of the pollen...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

A single sample collected from soil known as Feature 2 or stratum F on Lot 4, Block 39 in Skagway was submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis. A house stood on this lot between approximately 1918 and 1936, then was demolished. Pollen and phytolith analyses were undertaken in an attempt to identify the soil’s origins.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Peter Kováčik. Jammi L. Ladwig.

Wolf Village, 42UT273, is a Fremont site located north of the mouth of Goshen Canyon in Utah County, Utah. Radiocarbon dates on corn from this site range from AD 840 to 1,000. Investigating the subsistence base includes examining four pieces of groundstone for pollen evidence of grinding. Six ceramic pipes also were submitted with the goal of identifying the single best sample for analysis of pollen, phytoliths, starch, macrofloral remains, and organic residue (FTIR). Two more pipe samples...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Sanjay Eksambekar. Rosa Maria Albert.

Pollen and phytolith analysis of two samples from a tumulus at La Revive, France, raised questions concerning the interpretation of the sediments and reproducibility of results. In an attempt to answer specific questions, three additional samples were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis during 2005. These three samples also were floated to recover charcoal fragments that were AMS radiocarbon dated. Specific questions included dating Strata 4, 8, and 9. Stratum 4 might have been a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Three sites near Navajo, Arizona, were examined for their pollen and macrofloral remains as part of the Coronado Railroad Project. Occupations at AZ K:14:32 (ASM) and AZ K:14:33 (ASM) included primarily Basketmaker III and Pueblo I, while the occupation at AZ K:14:35 (ASM) represents Pueblo II. Pollen and macrofloral samples were examined from a variety of features both inside and outside pithouses to define the subsistence base at these sites. In addition, the pollen record assists in...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Five additional samples from the Middle Trench at the Badger Hole site (34HP193) in the panhandle of Oklahoma were submitted to further evaluate the pollen and phytolith records from this site. Previously, one sample from the Badger Hole site and three from the Military Trail site were examined for pollen and phytoliths to determine the extent of preservation. The Badger Hole site is located approximately 300 m from Jake Bluff. Preliminary results from the first sample from the Badger Hole site...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Mattei Site (38BU1765) is a Late Archaic site situated on an elevated marine sand deposit in an upland area of the Atlantic coastal strand near the May River in Beaufort County, South Carolina (Daniel Elliot, personal communication, November 12, 2019). Stalling Phase pottery sherds, chert tool fragments, and multiple features were noted at the site. Sediment samples were collected from two distinct features and submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Stratigraphic samples were collected at 6 cm intervals through deposits of an ancient playa associated with archaeological site 48PA2405. Four strata were recorded, the lowest representing an organic mat that probably represents Pleistocene deposits, an organic silty-sand-clay level that yielded a radiocarbon age of 18,570 ± 170 BP based on organics collected between pollen samples 38 and 42, followed by fine silty sand deposits, and finally soil as the uppermost stratum. Given the early...

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Linda Scott Cummings.

The Ronsavalle's Gulch site, located on a gypsum plain between the Delaware Mountains to the west and the Rustler Hills to the east, includes both Archaic and Late Prehistoric artifacts. Radiocarbon ages from the hearths are reported as 3250 BP for the Archaic occupation and cluster at 870 and 940 BP for the Late Prehistoric occupation. Four pairs of samples were recovered from sediment in an arroyo cut near the archaeological features and examined for pollen and phytoliths to provide...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Chad Yost. Linda Scott Cummings.

Three sediment samples were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis from the Waxy Hadjo’s Landing Site (77BC00056), located on the Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation, Florida. Paired pollen and phytolith samples were collected near the edge of a tree island and off the tree island to examine the past vegetation for this area. In addition, pollen and phytolith analyses were used to recover and identify microscopic plant remains that may be derived from plants of economic importance.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

POLLEN AND PHYTOLITH ANALYSIS AT THE HARRIS SITE, SDI 4935, CALIFORNIA: Pollen and Phytolith analyses were conducted at the Harris Site (SDI-4935) in San Diego County, California. Stratigraphic pollen analysis was undertaken to provide information concerning past vegetation communities, as well as paleoenvironmental conditions. A single stratigraphic column was examined at 10 cm intervals to provide samples at close enough intervals for detailed interpretation of the past environment. Pollen...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Stratigraphic pollen and phytolith samples were collected at the Hutton-Pinkham site at ten centimeter intervals during the summer of 1989. These stratigraphic samples were collected from the same column examined for geomorphologic data. The column was cut into a west-facing stream meander cut bank of Bonny Creek. This analysis of pollen and phytolith samples from the column is conducted as a feasibility study to determine the preservation and interpretability of the records. Both pollen and...