Non-flaked Lithic Tools: Temporal-Spatial Dataset

Carl J. Phagan

Non-flaked Lithic Tools: Temporal-Spatial Dataset

Part of the Dolores Archaeological Program project

Year: 1985

Summary

The Reductive Technologies Group (RTG) was responsible for supporting the broad research goals of the DAP through the implementation of mid-level research design governing the collection and analysis of data from “artifacts which were manufactured by reductive, or subtractive techniques” (Phagan 1986a:79). The RTG was headed by Roger A. Moore between 1978 and 1979 and by Carl J. Phagan from 1979 to 1985, with the assistance of T. Homer Hruby between 1980 and 1984; supporting work was provided by crew chiefs Gail G. Snyder and Phillip D. Neusius. Through two integrated analytic systems, the RTG provided the “maximum latitude” (Phagan 1986a:81) needed to meet the scope of DAP research spanning the General Research Design (Phagan 1986b), Modeling Effort (Lipe 1981), and the 1978 Lithics Research Design (Knudson 1980). Both systems were designed to account for a high degree of anticipated variability in each artifact category and at several levels of analytic intensity. The DAP reductive technologies database is therefore organized by attribute rather than complete item. Independent datasets for each of the four preliminary analysis systems reflect the technological distinctions made between flaked lithic tools; the debitage created in their manufacture; modes of tool production incorporating pecked, polished, or ground techniques; and finally, culturally modified bone and shell.

The non-flaked lithic tool database contains 15,200 entries that reflect a full range of production investment “from small pieces of stone with some evidence of grinding to well-shaped metates and polished ornaments” (Wilshusen et al.1999:67).

Variables in the non-flaked lithic tools dataset have already been described by Wilshusen et al. (1999); see especially the section "Nonflaked Lithic Tools" by Cara C. Gulley in Chapter 3. In most cases, her descriptions are suitable for use as metadata and have been repeated almost verbatim here. Selected resources from the collection of published and unpublished DAP reports may have been used for clarification in some cases and will be appropriately referenced.

Cite this Record

Non-flaked Lithic Tools: Temporal-Spatial Dataset. Carl J. Phagan. 1985 ( tDAR id: 6040) ; doi:10.6067/XCV8W95854

Data Set Structure

Measurement Column

Count Column

Coded Column

Filename Column

Integration Column (has Ontology)

Table Information: dap-tsnfl4

Column Name	Data Type	Type	Category	Coding Sheet	Ontology	Search
een	Since elements and episodes within a site are sequentially numbered, items can be linked to a specific interval of site use with this variable.
een	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
fenum	Since features within a site are sequentially numbered, this variable allows enables users to identify the exact feature from which a non-flaked lithic tool was recovered.
fenum	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
susurf	This variable specifies the study unit surface type, but is not necessarily applicable to each non-flaked-lithic tool item.
susurf	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Vertical Position	none	none	true
rc	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the roomblock assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
rc	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
uac	Since traditions encompass the adaptations, social patterns and lifeways that represent an ethnic group (Kane 1986:359-360), it is important to keep in mind that these synthetic DAP units are not necessarily good measures of time. They may be thought of as units of culture incorporating general similarities within Paleoindian, Archaic, Anasazi, Shoshonean, Prehistoric Athabascan, Protohistoric, and Historic Anglo groups.
uac	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
fs	The most basic type of provenience data recorded for all information obtained during DAP fieldwork is the field specimen number. These values are sequentially assigned to unique vertical and horizontal locations within each site that are also meaningful from the viewpoint of the DAP research program.
fs	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
cobjectid	The Anasazi Heritage Center has given each specimen three unique codes, including cobjectid, to facilitate management of their DAP collections. Since this value is used in association with the AHC ARGUS database for tracking the location of a record, it is important for any researcher requesting objects from the curator.
cobjectid	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Lookup : Code	none	none	true
fetype	This variable describes the feature associated with a non-flaked lithic tool.
fetype	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
morphod	This modified version of the original morpho class variable recombines non-flaked lithic tool classes to support analysis of toolkit diversity.
morphod	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
aan	Since activity areas within a site are sequentially numbered, items can be linked to the specific activity area from which they were recovered using this variable.
aan	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
ihn	Non-flaked lithic tools that have been assigned to an interhousehold cluster were recovered from a recognized unit of related households. This measure of social organization is partially based on a comparison of architectural style, artifact inventories, and activity area locations (Kane 1983: 13). Since interhousehold clusters within a site are sequentially numbered, this variable enables users to identify the exact interhousehold cluster from which a non-flaked lithic tool was recovered.
ihn	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
rn	Groups of two or more nuclear family dwelling units, otherwise known as roomblocks, found in association with at least two pitstructure features were assigned sequential numbers within sites. Since roomblocks within a site are sequentially numbered, this variable allows enables users to identify the exact roomblock from which a non-flaked lithic tool was recovered.
rn	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
site	Site number refers only to the sequential position of a site within a single Smithsonian state and county designation. To obtain a full site number for any entry, this value must be appended to the Smithsonian state and county designation.
site	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
collect	This variable describes the manner in which an item was collected from the provenience described. Methods of screening, the size of mesh used, and sampling are conveyed here.
collect	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Recovery Method	none	none	true
flag	This letter code corresponds to a specific project, site, or level of work conducted. Probability sampling, for instance, is the most commonly used code and is denoted by P.
flag	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
weight	Weight is measured to the nearest gram and is most suited for use in association with whole non-flaked lithic items.
weight	BIGINT	Measurement (gram)	Ground Stone : Weight	none	none	true
hn	Non-flaked lithic tools that have been assigned to a household cluster were recovered from a recognized unit of space and facilities used by an individual household (Kane 1983: 12). Since household clusters within a site are sequentially numbered, this variable allows enables users to identify the household cluster from which a non-flaked lithic tool was recovered.
hn	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
catno	A unique DAP catalog item number used for identification in the laboratory.
catno	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	uncategorized	none	none	true
area	Sites excavated by subsections have appropriate provenience information to this level that is found in the area and if necessary, subarea fields.
area	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
material	With the exception of obsidian tools, a non-local material, each item was identified as being fashioned from a subset of local sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic materials available among the Dolores River gravels (Phagan and Hurby 1984: 76).
material	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Material	none	none	true
morpho	Based on expectations of “size, shape, material type, pattern of production, and pattern of use”, taken from “traditional Southwestern typological schemes” (Phagan and Hurby 1984: 78-80), each non-flaked lithic tool was assigned to a function-oriented type class.
morpho	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
pl	The point location variable is a subdivision of the field specimen number that denotes an item or group of items of a significant type and/or context.
pl	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
prodeval	This variable approximates the amount of energy invested in the production of a non-flaked lithic tool's form.
prodeval	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
subarea	Sites excavated by subsections were given corresponding area designations. If further horizontal control was required, subarea numbers were sequentially assigned within each excavation area at each site.
subarea	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
sufat	The study unit fill/assemblage type variable is used to characterize the cultural, post-abandonment, or mixed contexts from which non-flaked lithic tools were recovered.
sufat	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
sunum	Instances of the same study unit type were sequentially numbered within a site.
sunum	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
uan	Since use areas within a site are sequentially numbered, non-flaked-lithic tool items can be linked to the specific use area from which they were recovered using this variable.
uan	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
mpn	Non-flaked lithic tools may also be encompassed by a smaller unit of temporal analysis called the subperiod. These units range between 20 and 45 years and may incorporate combinations of subperiods, or combinations of whole periods. As a result, 80 combinations of 18 subperiods were used in various DAP analyses.
mpn	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Date	none	none	true
blanka	This variable is a modified version of the blank type attribute that allows non-flaked lithic tools to be grouped along more general categories of blank types.
blanka	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
sugrid	Used only when study units were excavated by grid squares, this number represents the coordinate value east in meters.
sugrid	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
spn	Phase and subphase units in the DAP temporal system are based on “broad similarities of cultural patterns among communities” (Kane 1986: 359). Thus, while phases and subphases do exhibit some degree of chronometric structure, they owe much of their utility to recognizable units of cultural materials. Subphases are situated within the context of a broader phase and incorporate familiar DAP terminology with other Southwestern temporal systems such as the Pecos Classification.
spn	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
ti	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its tradition designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
ti	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
uai	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the use area assignment. However, this variable may not have been applicable to all entries for a variety of unspecified reasons. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
uai	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
grainsz	This variable describes the size of grains in the lithic matrix for each entry and encompasses very coarse to fine grained examples.
grainsz	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Material	none	none	true
cdept	The Anasazi Heritage Center has given each specimen three unique codes, including cdept, to facilitate management of their DAP collections. This value indicates the tool department to which each record belongs.
cdept	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	uncategorized	none	none	true
csiteid	The Anasazi Heritage Center has given each specimen three unique codes, including csiteid, to facilitate management of their DAP collections. This value denotes the entry's corresponding Smithsonian site number.
csiteid	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
matera	In this modified version of material class, sandstone values are further separated by quality of grain size and ornamental material types are classified by a single type.
matera	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Material	none	none	true
morphoa	Most site reports utilize this modified version of the morpho variable that combines several of these non-flaked lithic tool classes into a larger group.
morphoa	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
fevert	This variable indicates the vertical excavation strategy employed in the recovery of a non-flaked-lithic tool item from a feature context. Vertical excavation of each feature may have been conducted with respect to natural strata, arbitrary levels, cultural surfaces, or full cuts.
fevert	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Recovery Method	none	none	true
aac	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the activity area assignment. However, this variable may not have been applicable to all entries for a variety of unspecified reasons. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
aac	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
aai	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its activity area designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries for a variety of unspecified reasons, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
aai	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
condtn	Cores were described by the relative amount of energy invested in their preparation and use. Stylized examples demonstrate extensive control over a number of technological variables while specialized and unspecialized types reflect progressively less preparation.
condtn	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
aat	Each entry in a temporal-spatial dataset is assigned to a use area type which provides a hierarchical-based functional description of the context from which it was recovered. These contexts are the activity spaces used by individuals and task groups and are comprised of multiple activity areas. Use areas within a site are sequentially numbered and are accompanied by standard confidence and integrity assessments.
aat	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
adhesns	Although rare, culturally significant adhesions on tools may include pigments, resins, fibrous materials, or other organic materials.
adhesns	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Other	none	none	true
blanktyp	Each entry’s blank type addresses the morphology of its preformed state and the production forces applied to it in order to produce a recognized artifact type. Items from 1978-1979 excavations do not have this information since this variable was added in 1980.
blanktyp	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
ccc	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the community cluster assignment. However, this variable may not have been applicable to all entries for a variety of unspecified reasons. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
ccc	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
fefat	The fill/assemblage type designations are essentially attempting to identify the primary formation processes contributing to the deposition of materials within each study unit, or feature in this case.
fefat	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Volume	none	none	true
cci	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its community cluster designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries for a variety of unspecified reasons, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
cci	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
suvert	This variable indicates the vertical excavation strategy employed in the recovery of a non-flaked-lithic tool item from a feature context. Vertical excavation of each feature may have been conducted with respect to natural strata, arbitrary levels, cultural surfaces, or full cuts.
suvert	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Recovery Method	none	none	true
ccn	Non-flaked lithic tools that have been assigned to a community cluster were recovered from a recognized unit of “space, facilities, and architecture normally used by a community” (Kane 1983: 13). The tendency for settlements to become increasingly concentrated over time is reflected in the sequence of community cluster names that link recognized communities in the DAP area with established temporal periods.
ccn	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
eec	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the element or episode assignment. However, this variable may not have been applicable to all entries for a variety of unspecified reasons. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
eec	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
eef	In the history of human occupation within the DAP area, cultural variability is traced through temporally and spatially diagnostic assemblages of cultural materials known as synthetic units. Perhaps more intuitively meaningful are the intervals of site use (element and episode) that comprise the basic units of the DAP temporal system. The episode is used to describe the short-term use of a site, usually for logistical or extractive purposes, and can be measured in hours or weeks. Extended occupations called elements, on the other hand, are marked by architectural investment and may range between 10 and 30 years. These EEF type designations are associated with familiar confidence and integrity values.
eef	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
eei	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its element or episode designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries for a variety of unspecified reasons, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
eei	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
fehoriz	This variable indicates the horizontal excavation strategy employed in the recovery of a non-flaked-lithic tool item from a feature context. Locus and segments are assigned a sequential number within each study unit. Half, strip, and quadrant designations are associated with one of eight cardinal directions. Coordinates in meters south are provided for grid square excavations. In some cases, excavations were conducted within grid squares tied to a numbered local datum.
fehoriz	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Recovery Method	none	none	true
hc	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the household cluster assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
hc	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
heavert	This variable indicates the presence of heavy modes of vertical force resulting from production, use, maintenance, or a combination thereof. Narrowing the application of production force and use-wear to a “few critical dimensions” (Phagan and Hurby 1984: 100) has allowed the RTG to somewhat mitigate the complexities of applying a production-use model to a body of artifacts exhibiting a considerable amount of variability.
heavert	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
hi	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its household cluster designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
hi	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
ihc	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the interhousehold cluster assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
ihc	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
ihi	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its interhousehold cluster designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
ihi	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
mdhoriz	This variable indicates the presence of medium modes of horizontal force resulting from production, use, maintenance, or a combination thereof. Narrowing the application of production force and use-wear to a “few critical dimensions” (Phagan and Hurby 1984: 100) has allowed the RTG to somewhat mitigate the complexities of applying a production-use model to a body of artifacts exhibiting a considerable amount of variability.
mdhoriz	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
medvert	This variable indicates the presence of medium modes of vertical force resulting from production, use, maintenance, or a combination thereof. Narrowing the application of production force and use-wear to a “few critical dimensions” (Phagan and Hurby 1984: 100) has allowed the RTG to somewhat mitigate the complexities of applying a production-use model to a body of artifacts exhibiting a considerable amount of variability.
medvert	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
pc	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the phase assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
pc	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
lthoriz	This variable indicates the presence of light modes of horizontal force resulting from production, use, maintenance, or a combination thereof. Narrowing the application of production force and use-wear to a “few critical dimensions” (Phagan and Hurby 1984: 100) has allowed the RTG to somewhat mitigate the complexities of applying a production-use model to a body of artifacts exhibiting a considerable amount of variability.
lthoriz	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
ltvert	This variable indicates the presence of light modes of vertical force resulting from production, use, maintenance, or a combination thereof. Narrowing the application of production force and use-wear to a “few critical dimensions” (Phagan and Hurby 1984: 100) has allowed the RTG to somewhat mitigate the complexities of applying a production-use model to a body of artifacts exhibiting a considerable amount of variability.
ltvert	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
ri	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its roomblock designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
ri	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
pi	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its phase designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
pi	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
pn	Phase units in the DAP temporal system are based on “broad similarities of cultural patterns among communities” (Kane 1986: 359). Thus, while phases and subphases do exhibit some degree of chronometric structure, they owe much of their utility to recognizable units of cultural materials. Phases are situated within the context of a tradition and incorporate familiar DAP terminology with other Southwestern temporal systems such as the Pecos Classification.
pn	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
spc	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the subphase assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
spc	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
spi	This variable represents the integrity of the context from which an item was recovered and is a relative measure of the purity of its subphase designation. Undisturbed deposits provide the best contextual evidence for making temporal-spatial assignments and will be described as high integrity. Items recovered from deposits containing increasingly higher proportions of extraneous materials will be represented by lower integrity values. This variable may not have been applicable to all entries, but where contextual integrity has been specified, at least 50 percent of the original deposits were thought to be present.
spi	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
st2	Unlike ST1, the range of codes used to specify site subtypes carry no interpretive value on their own. Instead, these values represent recognized archaeological correlates of the three basic units of site use that are only meaningful when used in association with variable ST1.
st2	BIGINT	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
stc1	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the site type assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
stc1	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
stc2	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the site subtype assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
stc2	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
suhoriz	This variable indicates the horizontal excavation strategy employed in the recovery of a non-flaked-lithic tool item from a study unit context. Locus and segments are assigned a sequential number within each study unit. Half, strip, and quadrant designations are associated with one of eight cardinal directions. Coordinates in meters south are provided for grid square excavations. In some cases, excavations were conducted within grid squares tied to a numbered local datum.
suhoriz	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Recovery Method	none	none	true
sutype	The DAP study unit type represents a culturally or arbitrarily defined provenience context that is also sequentially numbered by occurrence within each site.
sutype	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
hehoriz	This variable indicates the presence of heavy modes of horizontal force resulting from production, use, maintenance, or a combination thereof. Narrowing the application of production force and use-wear to a “few critical dimensions” (Phagan and Hurby 1984: 100) has allowed the RTG to somewhat mitigate the complexities of applying a production-use model to a body of artifacts exhibiting a considerable amount of variability.
hehoriz	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
tn	Since traditions encompass the adaptations, social patterns and lifeways that represent an ethnic group (Kane 1986:359-360), it is important to keep in mind that these synthetic DAP units are not necessarily good measures of time. They may be thought of as units of culture incorporating general similarities within Paleoindian, Archaic, Anasazi, Shoshonean, Prehistoric Athabascan, Protohistoric, and Historic Anglo groups.
tn	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
uat	Non-flaked lithic tools that have been assigned to a use area were recovered from a hierarchical unit of space used by individuals and task groups that incorporates multiple activity areas.
uat	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
caccnid	The Anasazi Heritage Center has given each specimen three unique codes, including caccnid, to facilitate management of their DAP collections. The first digits of this value indicate the year that it was accessioned.
caccnid	DOUBLE	Uncoded Value	Lookup : Code	none	none	true
mpc2	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the modeling subperiod assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
mpc2	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Date	none	none	true
morphox	This modified version of the original morpho class variable facilitates differentiation between ornamental and non-ornamental non-flaked lithic tools.
morphox	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Ground Stone : Form	none	none	true
mpc1	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the modeling period assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
mpc1	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Date	none	none	true
mpn1	Non-flaked lithic tools may be encompassed by units of analysis called modeling periods which were created largely for examining classes of temporally sensitive data. The seven modeling periods used by the DAP to represent temporal intervals ranging between 40 and 270 years.
mpn1	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Date	none	none	true
mpnew	In this version of the original modeling period, subperiods that begin in one modeling period and end in another are grouped with the latter modeling period.
mpnew	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Date	none	none	true
sittype	The site type variable is used to combine type and subtype into a meaningful archaeological account of prehistoric group settlement behavior within the DAP area (Kane 1986).
sittype	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
st1	The frequency and duration of site use, known as site type 1 (ST1), may be characterized by a limited set of economic or social activities conducted at its location, its position within in the seasonal-based economic and social rounds of its occupants, or its suitability for permanent habitation.
st1	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Horizontal Location	none	none	true
tc	This variable indicates the level of confidence in the tradition assignment for each non-flaked lithic tool, if such a determination could be made. Temporal-spatial designations supported by multiple lines of evidence are indicated by high confidence values. Low ranked values on the other hand, are supported by “best guesses” and the experience of crew-members making the determination.
tc	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true
sufap	The study unit fill/assemblage position variable is used to indicate the context from which data was collected relative to its position within the study unit being examined.
sufap	VARCHAR	Uncoded Value	Provenience and Context : Context	none	none	true