An Archaeological Sample Survey of the Middle Santa Cruz River Basin, Picacho Reservoir to Tucson, Arizona: A Class II Survey of the Proposed Tucson Aqueduct Phase A, Central Arizona Project

Part of the Tucson Aqueduct Project Phase A project

Author(s): Carol Heathington McCarthy

Year: 1982

Summary

This report presents the results of the Class II (sample) survey of the Tucson Division of the Central Arizona Project. The survey was designed to test the predictive model developed as a part of the Class I (overview) survey of the project area (Westfall 1979).

Statistical tests using the survey data show that the model was not particularly successful in predicting the location of cultural resources within the survey area and that it definitely underestimated the archaeological sensitivity of Zone 4, the creosote-bursage community, which covers most of the project area. Although there was no significant difference in the frequency of sites between zones, the survey results suggest that Zone 3, which includes the desert wash systems of the area, is relatively higher in archaeological sensitivity.

An alternate model based on topography and availability of water is evaluated using the survey data. This model may provide a more accurate approximation of site distribution.

Finally, recommendations for selection of an aqueduct alignment or alignments and for future archaeological work are provided. As suggested by Westfall, the areas along major water sources such as the Santa Cruz River, McClellan, Brady, and possibly Durham washes, are high in archaeological sensitivity. More sites and larger, more complex sites are concentrated in these areas; construction in these areas should be minimized or avoided if possible.

Additional archaeological studies should attempt to assess the relationships between sites, and to determine whether the topographic model proposed in this report may be a reliable predictor of site location. Further survey may permit refinement of this model, or may suggest an alternative which is a better estimator of site distribution. The necessary data concerning functional site types are not readily derived from surface observations, and model testing may await excavation of some sites in the area.

Cite this Record

An Archaeological Sample Survey of the Middle Santa Cruz River Basin, Picacho Reservoir to Tucson, Arizona: A Class II Survey of the Proposed Tucson Aqueduct Phase A, Central Arizona Project. Carol Heathington McCarthy. Arizona State Museum Archaeological Series No. ,148. Tucson, Arizona: Cultural Resource Management Division, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona. 1982 ( tDAR id: 406225) ; doi:10.6067/XCV8PV6N8S

This Resource is Part of the Following Collections

Keywords

Culture
Hohokam

Material
Ceramic • Chipped Stone • Dating Sample • Fauna • Ground Stone • Human Remains • Macrobotanical • Shell

Site Name
AZ AA:12:118 (ASM) • AZ AA:12:119(ASM) • AZ AA:12:120(ASM) • AZ AA:12:121(ASM) • AZ AA:12:122(ASM) • AZ AA:12:123(ASM) • AZ AA:12:124(ASM) • AZ AA:12:125(ASM) • AZ AA:12:126(ASM) • AZ AA:12:127(ASM) • AZ AA:12:128(ASM) • AZ AA:3:19(ASM) • AZ AA:3:28(ASM) • AZ AA:3:29(ASM) • AZ AA:3:30(ASM) • AZ AA:3:31(ASM) • AZ AA:3:32(ASM) • AZ AA:3:9(ASM) • AZ AA:7:1(ASM) • AZ AA:7:15(ASM) • AZ AA:7:25(ASM) • AZ AA:7:26(ASM) • AZ AA:7:27(ASM) • AZ AA:7:28(ASM) • AZ AA:7:29(ASM) • AZ AA:7:30(ASM) • AZ AA:7:31(ASM) • AZ AA:7:32(ASM) • AZ AA:7:33(ASM) • AZ AA:7:34(ASM) Show More

Site Type
Agricultural Field or Field Feature • Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex • Funerary and Burial Structures or Features • Reservoir • Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features • Settlements

Investigation Types
Archaeological Overview • Reconnaissance / Survey

General
Picacho Mountains Archaeology • Picacho Mountains Prehistory • Tortolita Mountains • Tucson Mountains

Geographic Keywords
McClellan Wash • Picacho Mountains • Picacho Reservoir • Red Rock Reservoir • Tucson Aqueduct

Temporal Keywords
Historic Pima • Hohokam Classic period • Hohokam pre-Classic period

Spatial Coverage

min long: -111.543; min lat: 32.573 ; max long: -111.23; max lat: 32.893 ;

Individual & Institutional Roles

Contact(s): USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office

Principal Investigator(s): Lynne Teague

Project Director(s): Jon S. Czaplicki

Sponsor(s): USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office

Repository(s): Huhugam Heritage Center

Prepared By(s): Cultural Resource Management Division, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona

Submitted To(s): USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Arizona Projects Office

Record Identifiers

Bureau of Reclamation Contract No.(s): 0-70-30-X0091

File Information

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This report is not redacted.

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Contact(s): USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office