Republic of Guatemala (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
1,376-1,400 (2,898 Records)
The stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen (δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values) in animal tissues show promise as environmental indicators. We evaluated the use of chimpanzee hair and leporid (jackrabbit and cottontail) bones. Chimpanzee hair δ13C values correlate negatively with mean annual precipitation (MAP) as expected based on isotope variation in C3 plants, whereas δ15N values do not because of diet selectivity. Leporid bone δ13C values do not correlate with MAP because of leporid...
Initial Timing and Spread of the Eastern Agricultural Complex: Need for a Comprehensive Database (2018)
Extensive research has illuminated many aspects of the emergence of the Eastern Agricultural Complex, yet gaps remain surrounding the origin and spread of these early domesticated plants. The long-term goal of our research is to create a comprehensive, online database of accurately dated EAC plant samples similar to the Ancient Maize Map project (Laboratory of Archaeology, University of British Columbia). Compiling this chronology will contribute to our understanding of the social, economic, and...
Inland, Urban vs. Coastal, Rural Salt Production in the Southern Maya Lowlands: The View from Salinas de los Nueve Cerros (2017)
Salinas de los Nueve Cerros is the only non-coastal salt source in the Maya lowlands. For over two millennia, Nueve Cerros’ residents produced massive quantities of salt that was commercialized throughout the western Maya world. Unlike the Caribbean saltworks, the salt here was contained within a large urban zone. The saltworks used a variety of techniques to make the finished product, boiling brine and leaching salt-laden soils as in Paynes Creek but also scraping the salt flats. Each of these...
Inscription, Replication, and Production of Olmec Imagery and Regional Identities (2017)
The Early Formative period exhibits dramatic transformations in imagery and identity throughout Mesoamerica. Focusing on a time period before techniques for mold made and mass produced objects had been achieved, this paper explores replications that involved copies, iterations, and emulations of designs and imagery. At select sites in Mesoamerica, objects have been documented with Olmec-style imagery, some of which have been linked to the Gulf Coast Olmec society; in most cases, the Olmec...
Institutional Analysis of the Social Property System and its Application for the Management of Cultural Resources in Mexico (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In Mexico, archaeological sites are located on private, communal, ejido, federal or vacant land. The exercise of land ownership rights determines the type of technical and legal protection, which is usually assumed by the Mexican State. Generally, to mitigate risks, official archaeologists must carefully collaborate with public, private or common-pool...
"An Instrument for Seeing": The Multivalent Nature of Volcanic Glass in Mesoamerica (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Ceremonial Lithics of Mesoamerica: New Understandings of Technology, Distribution, and Symbolism of Eccentrics and Ritual Caches in the Maya World and Beyond" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Throughout Mesoamerica, obsidian commonly turns up in the form of prismatic blades, knives, projectile points and spearheads—pragmatic tools of daily work and routine life in the Pre-Columbian world. Yet these ordinary usages did...
Integrated compositional analysis of lowland Maya Middle Preclassic pottery at Holtun, Guatemala (2017)
The archaeological site of Holtun is an intermediate sized Maya civic-ceremonial center with documented occupation from the Middle Preclassic through Terminal Classic periods (800 BC – AD 900) featuring well-preserved cultural deposits in multiple contexts. Previously, NAA was conducted on an assemblage from the Middle Preclassic ceramics in which four discrete compositional groups were identified. One such group in particular was composed almost exclusively of Mars Orange Paste Ware, a product...
Integrating and Disintegrating the North Acropolis of Yaxuna, Yucatan, Mexico. (2017)
The North Acropolis of Yaxuna was the primary focus of ritual and administrative life at the site during the Classic period and functioned as a focal point for involving the local population in integrative activities. Yet architectural evidence suggests that this architectural complex changed in function over the course of its use. The acropolis was first built in the Late Formative and was modified up until the Late Postclassic. We argue that the changes we see in the architecture in this...
Integrating archaeobotany to provide Insight into domestic and public ritual in southern Brazil (2017)
Archaeobotanical results are integrated with archaeological and paleoecological data for the southern proto-Jê of the southern Brazilian highlands. Results from a domestic structure displays a pattern of architectural termination and renewal that not only uncovers an ancient ritual practice, but also reveals practices of plant management when considered alongside paleoecological data. Within the wider context, the data support a change in the performance of ritual practices revolving around fire...
Integrating Archaeological and Historical Information to Identify Agricultural Features and Reconstruct Traditional Hawaiian Irrigation Networks in windward Kohala, Hawai‘i Island (2017)
Where landscapes have been modified by recent development, identifying surface archaeological features requires a different analytical approach. In windward Kohala, Hawai‘i Island, after more than 150 years of land conversion to commercial agriculture features that comprised traditional Hawaiian irrigation agriculture have been mostly obscured. To address this, several sources of information were collected including historic documents and maps, previous and recent archaeological surveys, and...
Integrating Close-Range Photogrammetry Methods for Outdoor Scene Documentation of Scattered Remains (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Forensic Archaeology: Research & Practice" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Documenting the context of outdoor crime scenes with decomposing bodies and skeletal remains using traditional methods can pose a challenge due to the complexities of outdoor scenes and various taphonomic processes that can modify the remains and the scene. While the use of close-range photogrammetry (CRP) methods are currently more often...
Integrating Generations on the Formative Maya Landscape: Households and Communities at Tzacauil (2017)
Many Maya centers owe their longevity to the long-term persistence of their households, which were integrated as continuous social units throughout multiple generations. Yet how did the integration of the multigenerational Maya household first emerge? I address this question through the lens of the early farming village of Tzacauil, Yucatán, Mexico. In the Late Formative period (250 BC – AD 250)—the era in which Tzacauil was occupied and abandoned—people in the Maya area began using stone to...
Integrating LiDAR with Pedestrian Survey at the Ancient City of Angamuco, Michoacán, Mexico (2017)
Remote sensing techniques have enhanced studies of ancient urbanism particularly because they have improved the speed of data collection and our abilities to identify the extent of urban sites. Data derived from airborne laser scanning such as LiDAR have been rapidly incorporated to study settlement patterns in order to accelerate the survey process, but also to produce innovative and higher quality data. In this paper, we discuss the use of LiDAR and traditional pedestrian survey data at...
Integrating Low- and High-Precision Chronologies in North American Archaeology (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Three Sides of a Career: Papers in Honor of Robert L. Kelly" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Many archaeologists have questioned the value of using aggregated radiocarbon ages as a proxy measure of past human population growth. Most of these criticisms revolve around the lack of precision in these aggregated approaches. Higher-precision Bayesian approaches have often been presented as a better alternative. However,...
Integrating UAV-Based Photogrammetry, Digital Data Collection, and GIS during the Trincheras Tradition Project Excavations (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Trincheras Tradition Project is an ongoing collaborative effort to better understand the prehispanic past of Northwest Mexico. Led by Dr. Randall McGuire and Elisa Villalpando, researchers from Binghamton University and the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) spent two field seasons in 2017 and 2018 excavating three Trincheras Tradition...
Intellectual Disability, Employment, and the Public Record (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeologies of Health, Wellness, and Ability" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Disability is a natural part of the human experience and our work as archaeologists should reflect this. The key to recognising and minimizing bias in our work is to include marginalized groups as much as possible. But in a field that by its traditional definition demands a high level of intellectual and physical rigor how can we best do...
Interact! How Do Archaeologists “Care” for Human Ancestors’ Remains? (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Conceptions of “care” are increasingly a topic of interest in anthropological archaeology, and often sit at the intersection of discussions around ethics, best practices, and archaeological research, teaching/training, and curation involving the physical remains of human Ancestors. Care may be perceived as related to preserving the physical integrity of an...
Interaction and Exchange at Kaminaljuyu: Trade and Ritual (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Art, Archaeology, and Science: Investigations in the Guatemala Highlands" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Kaminaljuyu, Guatemala, had a strategic location along important trade routes. Because of this, the site had the opportunity to access important goods such as obsidian, jade, cacao, salt, and other important goods. Some of the exchange might have involved the ball game. Recent findings from excavations near Ball...
Interaction and Exchange in Late Postclassic Xoconochco (2017)
Xoconochco is located along a well-travelled transportation route that links what is today Central and parts of Southern Mexico with Central America. The region has had cultural and economic ties with its neighbors to the north and to the south for millennia, a pattern that continued into the Late Postclassic period. In this paper we examine the nature of Xoconochco’s involvement in Mesoamerican exchange systems in the Late Postclassic period. We know that Xoconochco’s forest...
Interaction and Isolation in Manislan Mariånas: 1500 BC–AD 1769 (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Social Archaeologies and Islands" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper addresses long-term processes of inter- and intra-island interaction and isolation in the Manislan Mariånas (Mariana Islands), spanning their first occupation (ca. 1500 BC) to the end of the Jesuit colonial mission (AD 1769). I focus on mobility, ocean communication and networking, engagement with the sea, and social intersectionality. CHamoru...
Interaction in the Late Classic Kaqchikel Area and Adjacent Pacific Coast: Least Cost Routes (2017)
Least cost analysis of prehistoric nodes of interaction in the Kaqchikel Guatemalan highlands and Pacific Coast indicates the locations of viable travel routes. Several classes of data, such as sculpture, obsidian and ceramics, indicate that there was communication and economic exchange in the Kaqchikel Maya area in the central highlands and Cotzumalguapan Piedmont during the Late Classic Period (600-830 A.D.). Today people walk between neighboring towns on foot paths and roads designed for cars...
Interdisciplinary Investigations of the San Gabino Site, Chontales, Nicaragua (2017)
Excavations at the site of San Gabino took place in 2015 under the auspices of Proyecto Arqueológico Centro de Nicaragua (PACEN), directed by Dr. Alexander Geurds. Discovered during a systematic surface survey of the Mayales River subbasin, north of the town of Juigalpa, the site was selected for stratigraphic excavation due to the chronological significance of its surface finds, in particular colonial-period glazed ware pottery. Colonial wares proved absent elsewhere during the survey, making...
The Interior Frontier: Intercultural Exchange in the Formative Period (1000 B.C.-A.D. 400) of Quillagua, Antofagasta Region, northern Chile (2017)
Today the modern village of Quillagua, an oasis in the hyperarid Atacama Desert, is of limited regional economic importance. However, there is strong evidence to support the argument that, in the past, the village was a node of ancient routes linking the populations of the Pampa, the Pacific Coast, the River Loa, and the Salar of Atacama. Documents from the 18th century suggest that Quillagua was, in fact, an "internal frontier" between populations residing to the north and south of the oasis....
INTERNAL CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF CULTURAL TANGIBLE ASSETS IN MEXICO: A first step to their protection (2017)
Mexico is a country with a cultural heritage that has given him a unique identity. We have a wealth of collections ranging from the paleontological and archaeological, to the historical and ethnographic. These collections require a control that will allow both federal institutions and individuals to be aware of what they have under their care, as it is one of the serious problems they face today. One of the main objectives of this brief presentation will be: To give an insight into the control...
Internal Networks and the Materiality of Imported Gold in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (AD 600–1600) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Materials in Movement in the Isthmo-Colombian Area" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Muisca of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia are known for making extensive use of imported gold to manufacture both votive metalwork and body ornamentation over a millennium. To better understand the materiality of this imported raw material, we present new computational models of the compositional datasets pertaining to Muisca...