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The Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology developed a series of three Benchmarking Surveys to understand how students, professors, and employers perceive and prioritize "basic" underwater archaeological skills. The ACUA surveys are intended to guide students, faculty, and employers as new generations of archaeologists enter the profession. The second survey, completed in 2017, was directed to university faculty in the United States, and received fourteen responses from eight universities....
Underwater Archaeology Through the Ages (2019)
This is an abstract from the "POSTER Session 2: Linking Historic Documents and Background Research in Archaeology" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Archaeology underwater is a broad field. While traditionally associated with historical resources such as ships, harbors, and sunken cities, growing attention is focused on less researched portions of the submerged archaeological record such as prehistoric sites, shipwrecks in deep water, and sunken...
Underwater Cultural Heritage Law: Looking Back, Looking Forward (2016)
The law protecting and managing underwater cultural heritage (UCH) is relatively new and has largely been developed over the past 50 years. This presentation will look back at the threats to UCH from treasure hunting and provide an overview of the laws that have been applied and developed to address that threat as well as from other activities that may inadvertently effect or harm UCH, such as fishing, the laying of submarine cables and energy development. Special attention will be given to...
Underwater Historic Preservation for Sport Divers: Florida’s Training Courses for Divers and Diving Leadership (2015)
Public efforts to support preservation of Florida’s historic shipwrecks began in earnest in the late 1980s with the development of the state’s Underwater Archaeological Preserve system. As part of the process, local sport divers received training to assist with recording and monitoring these historic wrecks. The success of this program led to the development of the Submerged Sites Education & Archaeological Stewardship (SSEAS) program targeted to sport divers, and the Heritage Awareness Diving...
Underwater in the High Desert: Exploring Site Presence and Preservation on Drowned and Buried Lake Features (2018)
Walker Lake, NV, a high desert, perennial lake in the western Great Basin, has been subject to naturally changing water levels for over 15,000 years. Ranging in size from the southernmost branch of Pleistocene Lake Lahontan to a small alkali wetland, Walker Lake provided varying landscapes for people to use and live around through time. Fieldwork during summer 2017 investigated drowned river channels and beach features for depositional history, site presence, and site preservation. Submerged...
Underwater Survey Methods in Low to Zero Visibility (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "The King's Shipyard Surveys, 2019: Submerged Cultural Heritage Near Fort Ticonderoga" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The King’s Shipyard Survey was conducted over four weeks in spring 2019. The team surveyed a nearly 63,000 square-foot area of Lake Champlain near Fort Ticonderoga in New York for shipwreck and harbor remains. Divers faced a challenging environment. Although water depths ranged from ten to...
Underwater Survey of the Historic Anchorage for Portsmouth, Dominica (2015)
The town of Portsmouth, located on the northwestern coast of Dominica, is bordered by Prince Rupert’s Bay. Utilized as a deepwater port off the Guadeloupe Passage, this coastline was preferred as a watering site by the indigenous Kalinago and by sailing ships entering and leaving the Caribbean Sea. Dominica, originally a British colonial outpost (1763-1977), is strategically situated between the French islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe. From its inception, Portsmouth was a planned...
Understanding Rural and Urban Privy Vaults: An Overview of their Utilization and Morphological Transformation Through Time. (2016)
Until the advent and widespread adoption of modern plumbing, the privy vault played nearly as important a role to permanent occupation as would a sustainable water source. This paper will examine the various construction methods employed while investigating the rationale behind changes in morphology. Special focus will be given to privies within the urban setting of turn of the century East St. Louis, Illinois and comparisons will be made between privy vaults found in various St. Louis, Missouri...
The Undine, A Tea Clipper in the Savannah River (2016)
The Savannah District is proposing to expand the Savannah Harbor navigation channel. Diving investigations identified the remains of the Undine, a historically significant tea clipper built in Sutherland, England by the shipbuilder William Pile. In a class with other famous Clippers like the Flying Cloud and the Cutty Sark, the Undine represents the evolution apex of the sailing merchantman, and is in the class of the most significant clippers, those built specifically for the China Tea or Opium...
The Undiscovered Country: New Insights into the Anchan Tradition of Central Arizona (2018)
Between November 2016 and September 2017 archaeological surveys performed by Logan Simpson on behalf of the Tonto National Forest in the Hell's Hole region of central Arizona revealed an abundance of previously undocumented Anchan and early Salado Tradition Settlements. Numerous single room habitations or field houses and large masonry structures with fully enclosing plaza or compound walls indicate a substantial population in an area traditionally considered a hinterland between the Sonoran...
Unearthing Narratives from an Appalachian Hollow: The Benefits of Environmental Mitigation Banking in Cultural Resource Management (2016)
Since the creation of the National Historic Preservation Act, a pairing has developed between environmental and cultural resource management. Wetland and stream mitigation banking is a common way to offset the environmental impacts of activities permitted under the Clean Water Act. These projects are intended to create or enhance aquatic resources in order to offset impacts within the same geographic region. Their location within perpetual conservation easements and need for Section 106...
Unearthing Their Lives: Documenting the Evolution of African American Life at Clover Bottom and Beyond (2016)
Recent excavations at Clover Bottom Plantation are contributing new information to a rich documentary record of the lives of enslaved and later freed African Americans who lived and/or worked there. Clover Bottom Plantation was owned by the Hoggatt family for the majority of its nineteenth-century history. At its peak, it was home to 60 enslaved individuals who were listed, but remained unnamed in the 1860 census. Through a comparative study of available primary sources and newspaper accounts,...
Uneven Landscapes, Uneven Histories: Maroons in the American Historical Narrative (2017)
Throughout most of the Atlantic world, Maroons play a critical role in local, regional, and even national histories. In contrast, marronage in colonial America and the early United States is largely absent from the American historical narrative. Thousands of Maroons lived in The Great Dismal Swamp, located in Virginia and North Carolina, from the late 17th century until Emancipation. And, Maroons played a critical role in slowing US expansionism in Florida, once known as a refuge for escaped...
An Unexpected Spark: The Seaport Shipwreck Shines a Light on Seaport History (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Urban Archaeology: Down by the Water" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In May 2016, development and construction firm Skanska discovered a terrestrial shipwreck at 121 Seaport Boulevard in Boston. They convened an archaeological team (The Public Archaeology Laboratory, Inc., City Archaeology Program) at the site to excavate the shipwreck and a design team (Amaze Design, Copley Wolffe, Trivium Interactive) to...
"Unidentified Planes Sighted": The Application of KOCOA Military Terrain Analysis to Aerial Combat (2018)
KOCOA military terrain analysis is a tool used to interpret and analyze terrestrial, and more recently, naval battlescapes; however there has been little experimentation with the application of KOCOA to aerial combat. Renewed interest in the June 1942 attack on Midway atoll (coinciding with the 75th anniversary of the attack) presented researchers with an opportunity to expand KOCOA definitions to incorporate aerial combat into terrain analysis. The resulting terrain features were used to...
Uniform Buttons from the Site of CSS Georgia (2017)
The 2015 excavation of CSS Georgia yielded nearly 30 buttons spanning the time from the Revolutionary War to the Civil War. Uniform buttons played an important part of distinguishing between troops, duties, and rank in the military. Changes in design from year to year and manufacturer to manufacturer can inform researchers of the earliest date a button may have been used, where it was manufactured, and where the individual wearing it may have been located during his service. While sourced based...
Unintended Consequences of Digitalization in Archaeology: A Cautionary Tale (2018)
We are hurtling swiftly into the digital realm, finding faster and more complex ways to record and excavate sites, analyze data, and publish results. While most of this wave of increasing digitalization seems a good thing, all is never what it seems. In this paper, I explore some pitfalls of this ever speedier and efficient mode of archaeology. Most will recognize the oft described short lifespan of digital formats and the need to migrate data to new formats. But, it is highly unlikely that this...
The Unique Architecture of the Quarters for Enslaved African Americans at Belvoir (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeology and Analysis of the Belvoir Quarter" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The square, ironstone and brick masonry quarter discovered at Belvoir is a unique form seldom constructed by Chesapeake planters, though it incorporated a plan considered by some, including Thomas Jefferson. Complete excavation provided information pertaining to the unusual architecture as well as to the use of interior and...
A Unique Trap Trigger (2014)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
United States Air Force Air Combat Command and the Legacy of the Cold War: A Systematic Study of Air Combat Command Cold War Material Culture (1995)
This report contains the results of a study of material culture at 27 United States Air Force (USAF) Air Force bases (AFB) located throughout the contiguous United States and Panama. The study was designed to evaluate historic properties (real property, personal property, records, documents, and sites) that date to the Cold War era (1946-1989).
Unity in Diversity?: A Synthetic Approach to 21st-Century Historical Archaeology (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Exploring the Recent Past" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Over the past two decades, the practice of historical archaeology has expanded not only geographically, but also thematically and methodologically. In this paper, we first reflect on the different trajectories of growth in the discipline in North America and Europe, considering in particular the role of nationalism and identity politics, as well as...
A Universal Toy (2014)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
The University of West Florida: 2019 Archaeological Field Schools (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In the summer of 2019, the Department of Anthropology at the University of West Florida offered unique and dynamic field school experiences for undergraduate and graduate students. The department coordinated a historic terrestrial field school and a combined maritime and prehistoric terrestrial field school. The terrestrial field school is an annual ten-week project which conducts...
UNL Campus Archaeology: Consumption Patterns in an Early Lincoln Neighborhood (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Exploring the Recent Past" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In June 1999, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) conducted a two-week salvage archaeology project during the early construction phase of a honors dormitory. Fourteen archaeological features were excavated from this historically residential area, one city block in size. The excavated archaeological materials consisted of a large number of glass bottles,...
UNL Campus Archaeology: Student-led Research and Public Engagement (2019)
This is an abstract from the "POSTER Session 2: Linking Historic Documents and Background Research in Archaeology" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The UNL Campus Archaeology project is focused on the analysis and assessment of historic collections from excavations carried out on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) campus between 1997 and 2001. The diverse materials recovered from these excavations date from around 1890-1930 and are...