Republic of Chile (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
201-225 (1,633 Records)
Pottery production was an important aspect of the social and economic life within Andean societies. In pre-industrial societies craft production occurred at the household level and depending upon the social complexity, this production was either independent or sponsored by the elite. Recent archaeological excavation of domestic contexts at the El Campanario site revealed that the area was occupied by the Casma polity during the Middle Horizon (600-1000 AD). This coastal polity occupied the...
The Casma State Heartland: A Community-Centered Regional Perspective (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Ancient Mesoamerican and Andean Cities: Old Debates, New Perspectives" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This presentation explores the development, apogee, and denouement of the Casma State in the hinterland context of its capital city, El Purgatorio. El Purgatorio developed within a congested countryside populated by ethnically homogenous people who recognized their own North-Central Coastal identity. In the fourteenth...
Castellated Rims and Silica Bodies: Rethinking Valdivia (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Recent Innovations in Ecuadorian Archaeology" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Initial attempts to explain the origins of pottery on the coast of Ecuador and in the rest of the Americas focused on transpacific contact. During the last few decades this debate has quieted as the Vegas and Valdivia phases of southwest Ecuador became better known. Nevertheless, there has remained a chronological hiatus between the two...
Castillo Decorated Ceramics as Boundaries Objects: A Reappraisal of the Tradición Norcosteña from Ceramic Technology (North Coast of Peru, Early Intermediate Period) (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Andean and Amazonian Ceramics: Advances in Technological Studies" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. On the northern coast of Peru and throughout the Early Intermediate period, the frequent findings of Castillo Decorated effigy vessels in Virú (200 BC–AD 600/700) and Moche (AD 100–800) contexts have led several archaeologists to consider them as a northern coastal tradition. In this sense, these ceramics would have been...
Central Andes Kotosh Religious Tradition, Third Millennium BCE: Hearth Designs as Andean Portals between Worlds (2017)
On top of Caral Peru’s amphitheater mound, an entry passageway opens to an inner sanctum—tiered benches surrounding a sunken floor and a central ceremonial hearth. This concentric design recessed into the earth repeats in diverse ways throughout third millennium BCE Kotosh Religious Tradition temples in the central Andes. Whence the concentric sunken design and hearth? I propose the hearth functioned as Andean portals for communication with unseen worlds, giving offerings, remembering ancestors....
Ceramic Differences at the Household/Neighborhood Level at Cerro Mejía: Evidence of a Possible Multiethnic "Mitmaqkuna" Community on the Southern Frontier of the Wari Empire (2017)
This poster will present the results of the analysis of household ceramic assemblages from the slopes of the secondary Wari center Cerro Mejía in the Moquegua Valley. The slopes of Cerro Mejía are divided into distinct domestic neighborhoods by fieldstone walls. Based on differences between these neighborhoods observed during excavations it has been hypothesized that this site was a multiethnic community similar to Inca mitmaqkuna with local inhabitants from throughout the region and possibly...
A Ceramic Investigation into the Relationship between Emergent Complexity and Religion on the South Coast of Peru (2017)
This paper investigates negotiations of power on the south coast of Peru through ceramic attribute analysis. The ceramic sample comes from the site of Cerro Tortolita, which contains both ceremonial and habitation zones. This site’s emergence in the upper Ica Valley during the 3rd century AD coincided with a broader increase in local settlement hierarchy. The timing of Cerro Tortolita’s rise and its religious nature provide a unique opportunity to isolate and investigate the relationship between...
Ceramic Paste Technologies at Cerro San Isidro, Nepeña Valley, Peru (ca. 500 BCE–1470 CE) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Twenty Years of Archaeological Science at the Field Museum’s Elemental Analysis Facility" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Here we present the preliminary results of geochemical and petrographic analysis of ceramics from the site of Cerro San Isidro, located in the Nepeña Valley of Ancash, Peru. Cerro San Isidro was the principal urban settlement within the Moro Pocket of the Nepeña Valley throughout its history, which...
Ceramic production for Castillo de Huarmey, Peru: multiple productions and buzzing potters (2017)
The paste analysis of the ceramics found in the Castillo de Huarmey, a Middle Horizon Wari political center on the north coast of Peru brought forth the existence of a variety of production areas and a panorama of multiple producers with different agendas or practices. Much of the ceramics appear to have been made with material available in the Huarmey lower valley, coastal area, and probably the adjacent Culebras Valley. The fine painted Wari ceramics and fine reduced impressed wares present a...
Ceramic variability and social interaction in the Middle Orinoco: On multi ethnic communities and ceramic traditions in the Late occupation period (500-1500 AD) (2017)
The Átures Rapids in the Middle Orinoco region are mentioned in the historical sources as a key trading center linking the Western Llanos of the Orinoco and the Guyana, where people, goods and ideas were exchanged. A recent study in Picure Island, located in the rapids, present a variety of ceramic temper wares, beads and quartz crystals associated in stratigraphically excavated contexts. The ceramic sherds recovered in Picure are closely related to other archaeological sites in the Middle...
Ceramics and Political Dynamics of the Manteño Culture on the Coast of Manabí, Ecuador (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. An association between the intricacies of sociopolitical complexity and the diversity in pottery production has been discerned within pre-Columbian societies. To illuminate the facets of the Manteño sociopolitical framework, this study undertakes a comparative analysis of pottery assemblages across Manteño Julcuy, Cabo Pasado, Nuevo Manta, Puerto Cabuyal,...
Ceramics Crossing Temporal and Cultural Boundaries in the Moquegua Valley (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Ceramic vessels have been produced and in use for thousands of years. Ceramicists are tasked with the duty of creating unique wares and transmitting production knowledge through formal or informal apprentice relationships. In this poster, we compare the vessel forms and functions from the Middle Horizon sites of Cerro Mejia and Cerro Baul to the Late...
Ceramics from Zorropata, a Middle Horizon Las Trancas Habitation Site in Nasca, Peru (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Early in the Middle Horizon (c. AD 650-1000), the Wari Empire expanded from its Ayacucho homeland and established at least three colonies in the SNR: Pacheco, Pataraya, and Inkawasi in the northern valley of the Southern Nasca Region. Pacheco, located in the Nasca Valley, was a probable Wari administrative/ceremonial center. Additional Wari-affiliated...
Ceremonial and Psychotropic Plants of the Tiwanaku (AD 500-1000): New Evidence for Erythroxylum Coca and Anadenanthera Colubrina from the Omo Temple in Moquegua, Peru. (2017)
The consumption of psychotropic substances is a ceremonial practice widespread worldwide since antiquity, however, archaeological evidence for the role of plants in rituals is scarce and interpretations are mostly derived from ethnographies and iconography. Among other methods of analysis, Paleoethnobotany is one of the most indicated for the finding of micro and macro remains involved in ceremonies. This paper presents the results of a Paleoethnobotanical analysis conducted at the site of Omo...
Ceremonial Waterscapes: The Desaguadero River Valley in Antiquity (2018)
The Lake Titicaca Basin in the Bolivian Andes was a dynamic place that saw the development of early religious centers like Chiripa and Khonkho Wankane, the subsequent emergence and expansion of the Tiwanaku state, and the incursion of the Inca empire. The Desaguadero River is the only river that drains Lake Titicaca, flowing south and connecting the region to the central altiplano and Lake Poopó some 250 kilometers downriver. This paper examines the ceremonial and political importance of the...
Cerro Cumbray: A Chimu Frontier Outpost (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Cerro Cumbray is a Chimu hilltop settlement located near the modern town of Simbal, Peru. During the 2018 field season, the authors used aerial photography via drone to create a site map and conducted a limited pedestrian survey in order to better understand site chronology and context. While Cerro Cumbray lacks indications of large-scale fortification; the...
Cerro de Oro and the Year A.D. 600: Changing Settlement Patterns in the Lower Cañete Valley (2017)
The year AD. 600 seems to be an important turning point in the settlement pattern of the lower Cañete valley. While settlements prior to this date tend to be small sized and located close to the river margin, the period after AD 600 shows settlements tend to be placed a few kilometers away from the river margin. The largest of these is Cerro de Oro, a 150ha densely populated settlement located on top of a mound, 13km away from the river margin. The construction and use of Cerro de Oro seems to...
Cerro Malabrigo y el Resurgimiento de la Monumentalidad Prehispánica en Chicama, Costa Norte del Perú (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Beyond Borders at the End of a Millennium: Life in the Western Andes circa 500–50 BCE" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Desde el año 2020, el Programa Arqueológico Chicama (PRACH) ha realizado prospecciones sistemáticas y excavaciones en el valle de Chicama y área relacionadas. El objetivo principal es explicar la historia de la ocupación humana y los fenómenos sociales vinculados a tales poblaciones. Nuestras...
Cerro Mejía: A Wari Community Divided? (2018)
The Wari-affiliated community on Cerro Mejía is divided by large walls that cut the slopes into vertical strips. These segments of the site may represent divisions of the settlement that the occupants recognized, agreed with, and maintained or these groupings may have been imposed by Wari officials. In this paper, I describe the features of Cerro Mejía and consider this important question. In light of overt differences between houses with regards to form and construction techniques I suggest...
Cerros, Keros, Cuerpos, y Mas! 37 Years of Programa Contisuyo Research in Southern Peru (2019)
This is an abstract from the "The Legacies of Archaeologists in the Andes: Second Symposium, the Institutionalization and Internationalization of Andean Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 1980 the Pritzker family, major shareholders in Southern Peru Copper Corporation (SPCC), contacted Michael Moseley then a Curator at the Field Museum of Natural History inquiring about establishing a research program in the Moquegua region of southern...
Chacras in the Clouds: Documenting High-Altitude Agricultural Landscapes in the Tambillo Valley of Chachapoyas, Peru (2017)
Here we present preliminary results from targeted prospection and an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) flight over the relic agricultural landscapes of the Tambillo Valley in northeastern Peru. This work was carried out as part of the first phase of Proyecto Arqueológico Tambillo (PATA), a project investigating the organization of political landscapes in the montane forest region of Chachapoyas. Specifically, PATA aims to determine whether the densely-clustered Late Intermediate Period settlements...
The Challenges of Bioarchaeological Research in Peru: Archaeological Field-School Project "Pachacamac Valley" (1991-) (2017)
The archeological study of human burials presents many special challenges. Deterioration begins or accelerates with the exposure to new environmental conditions after recovery. In many cases, the context has to be analyzed in situ by bioanthropologists to record information before the removal of the materials to the laboratory and storage area. Continuous participation of bioarchaeologists is also vital for subsequent analysis of the funerary context many months or years after the end of the...
Challenges of Using NGS to Detect T. cruzi in Human Remains from Pre-Columbian South America (2017)
The trypanosomatid parasites are responsible for devastating human disease worldwide. In the Americas, Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas Disease (CD), the most epidemic zoonosis in Latin America today. The clinical manifestations of CD, however, have been recognized in archaeological human remains from South America as early as 9,000 years ago. We present preliminary results of a project that applies paleogenomic methods, including targeted enrichment and next-generation...
The Change and Chronology of Preceramic Mound-building Practices at the Cruz Verde Site in the Chicama Valley, Peru (2018)
Excavations in 2016 and 2017 at the Cruz Verde site which is located in the coastal area of the Chicama Valley, revealed a stratified record of preceramic mound-building practices. These practices are constituted by various mortuary contexts and are particularly noted for their use of architectural reconstruction, an activity repeated from around 4000 cal. BC ~1900 cal. BC divided into two phases, the CV-1 phase and the CV-2 phase. We conducted a stratigraphic examination of these contexts, and...
Changes in Decoration Through Time: An Analysis of Salinar Pottery found in Huanchaco, Moche Valley, North Coast of Peru (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The late Early Horizon (400-200 BCE), also known as Salinar in the north coast of Peru, was a key moment immediately after the influence of the Chavín de Huantar sphere of interaction. Salinar pottery bears distinct designs and motifs that have never been properly studied. This paper presents a first systematic analysis of the varied decorative designs on...