South America (Continent) (Geographic Keyword)
2,001-2,025 (2,200 Records)
Previous research on the Inca road system have generally developed functionalist perspectives on their associated characteristics and infrastructure, inherited in several cases from procesualist approaches that focused primarily on their economic and military role. However, more recent studies on the nature of the Inca state have varied substantially, granting an outstanding importance to ideology and religion as mechanisms of domination. Based on these considerations, this paper presents an...
To Wear or to Trade: Analyzing Bone Pendant Artifacts from the Peruvian Montaña (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the montaña, the forested eastern slopes and adjacent upper Amazon, inhabitants were involved in regional and interregional trade networks connecting the Andes and Amazon. Given that material correlates for often ephemeral lowland goods are difficult to recover archaeologically worked bone artifacts are an important piece of data indexing lowland...
*Todas las cremas: Shifting Landscapes of Mobility on the Far Southern Coast of Peru (AD 1000–1920) (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent field work in Tacna (far southern Peru) by a joint team from Princeton and Washington University in St. Louis has investigated the long-term landscape history of the Sama Valley and its desert margins. Located between the research hotspots of Moquegua and Arica, the Sama Valley has long been overlooked. At the same time, it is well positioned to offer...
Tokens of Oppression: Coinage at a Nineteenth-Century Galapagos Sugar Plantation (2017)
In the 1870s Manuel J. Cobos founded the El Progreso plantation agricultural operation on the Island of San Cristóbal in the Galapagos. It is known that he used "scrip," or company-issued cash, to force workers to only spend their wages at the company store. Archaeological recovery of hard rubber tokens from several plantation contexts brings up many questions of economics and labour relations surrounding this remote location which was also tied to the global economy through steam power,...
“Tola Boayacu Puyu” (Upper Pastaza, Ecuador) in the understanding of the Amazonian urbanism and food consumption (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the last fifty years, from Amazonian Archaeology there has been a remarkable and growing debate about the origin and dispersion of the cultures of the area, their carrying capacity, population number and density, political structure, and links with the adjacent geographical areas, as the Andes to its western border. More recently, carrying capacity and...
Tom Dillehay's Contributions to Agricultural Origins and Development (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Dedication, Collaboration, and Vision, Part II: Papers in Honor of Tom D. Dillehay" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Tom Dillehay’s best-known research is probably his pioneering work at Monte Verde, Chile, which was primary in upending the “Clovis First” paradigm for the initial peopling of the Americas. Perhaps less well known is his research in Peru that provided crucial information on the age, location, settlement...
Tombs as Evidence for Religious Diversity in the Late Prehispanic Sacred Valley, Peru (ca. 1000–1532 CE) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Beyond the Ancestors: New Approaches to Andean "Open Sepulchers"" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper articulates a novel approach to prehispanic Andean funerary architecture that interprets differences in materiality and temporality as evidence for distinct religious traditions. I analyze a sample of 845 tombs throughout the Sacred Valley, Peru, and adjacent tributary valleys, built and used during the Late...
Tools Present and Tools Absent in Textile-intensive Mortuary Contexts: the Paracas Case (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Textile Tools and Technologies as Evidence for the Fiber Arts in Precolumbian Societies" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In most of the world ancient fabrics are not preserved, though much can be learned about garment systems, surface design and production techniques through tools, accessories and contemporary imagery. The Andean desert coast and mortuary traditions provide extraordinary conditions for textile...
Toward a Holistic Understanding of Marine Ecosystems in the South Central Andes: An Interdisciplinary Marine Invertebrate Biodiversity/Zooarchaeological Survey (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Maritime adaptations play an essential role in the central Andean past as far back as the region’s earliest occupation. While economically useful molluscan species are well known by archaeologists, other invertebrates are inadequately understood due to poor preservation and/or lack of interest. This poster presents the preliminary results of a biodiversity...
Toward an Epidemiological Model of Sarcoptic Mange among Andean Camelids (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Current Zooarchaeology: New and Ongoing Approaches" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Sarcoptic mange is a highly infectious, zoonotic disease endemic to modern Andean camelid populations. Severe infection can result in the loss of wool and death of the animal. Rapid spread can lead to significant economic losses and population instability. Despite widespread awareness and preventative measures taken by modern camelid...
Towards a Nonlinear History of Lake Cocibolca, Nicaragua (2018)
Traditional narratives within Nicaraguan archaeology, based on primarily ethnohistoric rather than archaeological evidence, have privileged the arrival of external actors from Central Mexico at the expense of indigenous developments and have emphasized imposed change rather than situated continuity. Especially given that as archaeologists, our primary sources are material culture, we should approach mobility from a materialist engagement with the flows and hardenings of matter, sensu Manuel De...
Traces d'ulilisation et technologie lithique: examples de la Patagonie, (thesis) (1983)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Tracing Interaction Networks in a Mosaic of Politico-Geographical Regions at the Site of Wimba, Amazonas, Peru (2018)
The ecological setting and the political formations located in the Ceja de Selva raise unique terminological and conceptual questions for the study of interaction networks. Specifically, how do we best recreate meaningful "archaeological regions" within a mosaic of ecological zones and groups with poorly known culture histories? Presenting results from the Proyecto Arqueológico Wimba – 2016, this paper analyzes the chronological development of the Wimba site within the Ceja de Selva of eastern...
Tracing Paleoamerican adaptations to South American Tropics: new data from lithics analyses in Brazil (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent archaeological findings in the neotropical region of South America are central to understanding the early adaptations of Paleoamerican populations to diverse ecosystems, especially tropical areas, between 14,000 and 9,000 BP — a period marked by significant paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic shifts. This study focuses on the critical role of...
Tracing Relationships over Time: Models of Exchange in the Greater Ica Region during the Paracas-Nasca Transition (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Developments through Time on the South Coast of Peru: In Memory of Patrick Carmichael" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Research on the "Paracas Necropolis" textile assemblage from the Necropolis of Wari Kayan and comparisons with contemporary artifacts has led to the development of models of artifact production and uses (*chaîne opératoire), with evident implications for models of the social relations of production....
Tracing Sixteenth-Century Beads in South America to Understand Their Impact on Indigenous Ritual Practices and Material Culture at the Time of the Spanish Conquest (2018)
Studying beads and changes in use of beads in a given population provide insight into the impact of outside influences on people in a given population. This research identifies bead types that were valued by indigenous cultures in South America prior to the Spanish Conquest in the Sixteenth-Century, and compares their frequency in six geographic regions within Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Colombia with the frequency of glass beads brought by the Spanish to the same regions. This study examines...
Tracing Tides of Change: Perspectives on Mobility and Materiality in Precolonial Central America (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Materials in Movement in the Isthmo-Colombian Area" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Matters of materiality and mobility across Central America have long been the subject of archaeological investigation concerning its precolonial past. In outlining the spectrum of material movements and their broader sociocultural implications beyond traditional archaeological narratives, this introductory paper seeks to explore the...
Tracking 1,600 Years of Ceramic Technology at Prehispanic Jecosh (Ancash, Peru) (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Cross-Cultural Petrographic Studies of Ceramic Traditions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. How do ebbs and flows in regional trade relations affect village level practices of pottery production? We assess this question by tracking variability and continuity in ceramic technological traditions at the site of Jecosh, located in the Callejón de Huaylas of Ancash, Peru. Recent excavations of domestic and mortuary...
Tracking Kelp-like Marine Seaweed Fuel in the Archaeological Record of Atacama Desert Coast through Raman Spectroscopy: Insight from the Analysis of Macro- and Microremains of Charred Particles (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeophycology: New (Ethno)Archaeological Approaches to Understand the Contribution of Seaweed to the Subsistence and Social Life of Coastal Populations" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The use of seaweed as fuel has been mentioned in ethnographic sources from different world regions. Still, the archaeological record of seaweed burning is limited to contexts where preservation is exceptional, and the macroscopic...
Tracking Quartz: A Methodological Approach to an Elusive Type of Sources Using Chemical Characterization According to Their Geological Origin (2018)
In the archaeology of the Sierras Centrales of Argentina more than one hundred years ago studies reported the presence of a lithic technology centered on the use of quartz as a predominant raw material. However, little effort has been made to try to characterize its chemical composition so as to understand the circuits of mobility or the exchange networks in the archaeological sites of the region. The results of provenance studies have allowed us to advance in a geochemical characterization of...
Trade and Sacrifice: Osteometry, Skeletal Part Representation, and Paleopathology of Camelid Assemblages in the Central Andes (2017)
Chavín de Huántar is a complex ritual site widely recognized for its connections to other regional centers. While much of this regional interaction is understood based on common ceramic styles and designs as well as the presence of non-local material, much less is known of the actual mode of transportation. Llama caravans most certainly played a key role in the movement of goods across space during Chavín times. Were llamas for caravans raised in the proximities of Chavin? Were caravan llamas a...
Tradición tecnológica y variaciones técnicas en la producción cerámica mapuche (2009)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Trading Tones: Exploring the Soundscape of Human Trafficking in Spanish Colonial Panama (2018)
Set in the World Heritage site of Old Panama (1519–1671), the House of the Genoese Slavery Memorial project brings together the lessons of over a decade of archaeological and archival research focusing on the ruins of one of the largest centers of human trafficking to have operated in Spanish America in the late 1600s. Building upon a growing body of literature addressing phenomenological approaches in archaeology and museum studies, this paper explores how an object-based reenactment of what...
Tradition and Transformation during the Middle Horizon to LIP Transition: Visual and Compositional Analyses of Tumilaca and Estuquiña Pottery in the Moquegua Valley, Peru (2018)
In many Andean regions, the shift from the Middle Horizon to the Late Intermediate Period, or LIP, is archaeologically identified by stylistic changes. In the Moquegua valley, southern Peru, LIP (ca. AD 1250-1476) Estuquiña architecture and portable material culture is starkly different from that associated with terminal Middle Horizon (ca. AD 950-1200) Tumilaca populations. Until recently Tumilaca settlements were thought to have been completely abandoned prior to the appearance of Estuquiña...
A Traditional Approach to Analyzing Stunted Femoral Growth in Peruvian Highlands (2018)
Minimal research has been done on observing whether there have been incidences of stunted growth in populations, in times of environmental stress and social turmoil. One such example are the populations found during the Late Intermediate Period (~AD 1000-1400, LIP) in the South-Central Peruvian highlands. Utilizing Buikstra and Ubelaker’s Standards, nine measurements were taken on the femora of 37 individuals (N=37) from the sites of Sonhuayo, Masumachay, and Mina Cachilhuancaray in the...