United States of America (Geographic Keyword)
1,251-1,275 (3,819 Records)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Perspectives from the Study of Early Colonial Encounter in North America: Is it time for a “revolution” in the study of colonialism?" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This paper will explore the response of prehistoric communities who rapidly become consumers in continent spanning economies. Using as case studies the Maritime Peninsula of Eastern North America in the 17th century AD and the northern...
Exploring Female and Male Ideals, Roles, and Activities at a Colonial through Civil War Landscape at Brunswick Town/Fort Anderson State Historic Site, North Carolina (2016)
In the southeastern portion of North Carolina, near the Cape Fear inlet, Fort Anderson was once a protecting force upheld by Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Previous excavations at a specific encampment inside of Fort Anderson provided artifacts that were once assigned to females' activities. These artifacts have been deemed quixotic due to the gender restrictions of the fortress. This presentation examines if and how researchers could tell whether males assumed female...
Exploring Healthcare Practices of Chinese Railroad Workers in North America (2015)
Chinese laborers on the North American transcontinental railroads performed dangerous and labor-intensive work, and many died or were seriously injured as a result of explosions, cave-ins, and severe and unpredictable weather. These workers received meager wages and may have faced additional health risks from ethnic violence and malnutrition. Little is known about how these individuals treated their injuries and ailments and, to this date, not a single document written by a Chinese railroad...
Exploring Landscapes of Political Violence through Collaborative Archaeology (2018)
How does political violence impact civilian spaces and how can we rethink its consequences for everyday life? The Tihosuco Heritage Preservation and Community Development Project has used collaborative archaeology to grapple with the postconflict landscapes of Quintana Roo, Mexico. Our most recent work focuses specifically on an 18th-19th century town, called Tela, whose fortified houselots, roadblocks, and assemblages offer evidence of the early years (1847-1866) of the Caste War or Maya Social...
Exploring Material Change on Contemporary Pre- and Post-Emancipation Sites in the US and Caribbean. (2018)
In the British Caribbean, archaeologists have documented notable shifts in material culture after emancipation in 1834. Similar diversity and richness in material culture have been observed but not quantified on nineteenth-century sites of slavery in the United States. We compare artifact assemblages from contemporary post-emancipation sites from Morne Patat (Dominica) and Seville (Jamaica) with pre-emancipation sites from The Hermitage. We highlight differences in how formerly enslaved...
Exploring Molasses Reef: A Cultural Landscape Analysis (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Recent Development of Maritime and Historical Archaeology Programs in South Florida" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Molasses Reef, located within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, has been home to numerous groundings and wrecks over the last few centuries. The majority of previous research has focused on the shipwreck Slobodna, attributing much of the presently remaining wreckage to this vessel....
Exploring Old Avenues in New Ways: Urban Archaeology and Public Outreach in Detroit (2015)
Over the past year, members of the Unearthing Detroit project at Wayne State University have created digital and public initiatives to increase project outreach. We presented Detroit archaeology to local schools, invited the public to a special outreach day during our local field school excavation, and provided opportunities to volunteer in the museum and lab. Our concurrent digital outreach materials include a webpage, a weekly blog, and an interactive social media platform. The integration...
Exploring Processes of Racialization in Nineteenth Century Nantucket, Massachusetts (2018)
As Nantucket, Massachusetts became the center of a global whaling industry in the nineteenth century, the island’s Native American and Black populations formed the mixed-race community of New Guinea. The Nantucket African Meeting House played a critical role in New Guinea’s adoption of a shared African identity as it became the center of the community’s social and political activities. Using archaeological materials from the African Meeting House and the neighboring Seneca Boston-Florence...
Exploring Racial Formation in Early 19th Century New York City (2016)
This paper explores racial formation in New York City from 1799 to 1863, when the city had the largest free Black population in the North, and ends with the 1863 Draft Riots, which marked a major turning point in the relationship between the city’s Black and Irish communities. Using the optic of historical archaeology, Diana Wall’s work is critical to this analysis of racial formation in New York City. By unearthing the city's complex racial history while guiding a significant number of...
Exploring The Architecture Of "My Lord’s Gift": An Analysis Of A Ca. 1658 - Ca.1750 Archaeological Site In Queen Anne, County, Maryland (2017)
An archaeological rescue project in 1990 on the "My Lord’s Gift" site (18QU30) in Queen Anne, County, Maryland revealed a fascinating complex of colonial structures. This tract was granted by Lord Baltimore in 1658 to Henry Coursey, an Irish immigrant and important official in the colony’s government. Excavators found a variety of architecture represented at the site. The largest building they uncovered was the substantial cobble stone foundation of an unusual T-Plan house with a massive...
Exploring the Environmental Conditions of 17th Century Spanish Ranches in New Mexico (2016)
In the early 17th century Spanish colonists came to New Mexico seeking agricultural opportunities to gain wealth and status. Obtaining access to environmental resources proved to be difficult due to a harsh climate and a large population of indigenous people occupying the best agricultural land. Little is known about the colonists that settled on the rural landscapes\ since nearly all documentary evidence and structural evidence was destroyed in the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, and few archaeological...
Exploring the Indigenous Experience of Saipan in World War II (2018)
During World War II in the Pacific, the Battle of Saipan became one of the pivotal successes of the United States military to turn the tide of war. Unfortunately, this success came at a cost to the residents of the island, and while the Japanese civilian experience has been largely studied, the indigenous experience has been bypassed. By exploring the development of the construction on the island and civilian holding camps by U.S. military and Saipan civilians, the impact sustained from the...
Exploring the Layers and Elements at the Center of Jefferson’s Retreat Landscape (2018)
Over the past seven years, archaeologists have examined three landscape elements that are central to the design of Jefferson’s Poplar Forest retreat. These include the rows of paper mulberries that flanked the house; the clumps of ornamental trees and oval-shaped flower beds located on the northern side of the structure; and the paved circular road that brought carriages to the steps of Jefferson’s octagonal retreat. This paper will discuss how soil studies have provided significant insight into...
Exploring The Merchandise Of The Pon Yam Store In Idaho City: What Do We Tell The Public About Chinese Olives And Dracontomelon? (2015)
The Boise National Forest and the Idaho City Historical Foundation formed a partnership to restore the Pon Yam Store to its original character as a nineteenth century Chinese merchant’s shop, and adapt the building for use as a museum and research center. An opportunity to excavate under the floor boards in the store by FS archaeologists and volunteers provided a look at artifacts not usually found in archaeological sites due to a lack of preservation. Firecrackers, incense sticks, and...
Exploring the Pattern of Black and White Bead Use within African American Domestic Spaces (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "African Diaspora in Florida" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. One artifact associated within African Diaspora Archaeology is the blue-glass bead, recognized by some as signifying African-derived culture and beliefs. Recent research examining beads from African American mortuary contexts in the United States from the 18th to early 20th centuries has demonstrated that rather than blue beads, black and white...
Exploring the Social and Physical Landscapes of Colonial New Mexico (2015)
Reshaping the settlement landscape is a significant aspect of the colonial encounter in that it provided the ecological context for social interactions. In the American Southwest, the Spaniards’ introduction of Eurasian plants and animals as well as new land use practices had a profound effect on the physical and cultural environment. We use palynological data from a 500-year period that illustrates both the impact of indigenous Pueblo peoples’ engagement with the pre-colonial landscape as well...
Exploring Transatlantic Connections: Sustaining Irish Island Communities in Early 20th Century America (2013)
Immigration from Ireland in the early 20th century contributed to the decline of island population, leaving fragmented fishing villages, yet simultaneously created vibrant new Irish communities in the United States. By tracking inhabitants of Inishark and Inishbofin, two small islands off the coast of Galway, to the eastern United States, this paper explores the movement of individuals, families, and communities through the 19 and 20th centuries. This paper investigates the reconstruction of...
Explosion aboard Steamer USS Tulip: Site Investigations and Management of a Union Gunboat Wreck of the American Civil War (2017)
USS Tulip was a 240-ton screw-propelled gunboat that served in the Potomac Flotilla protecting Union waterborne communications during the American Civil War. While serving, Tulip developed a defective starboard boiler which culminated in its explosion in November 1864 in the lower Potomac River, instantly killing 47 of the 57-man complement and claiming the ship. Tulip was left undisturbed until discovered by sport divers in 1966, which began a long period of looting until local law enforcement...
Expressions of Ethnicity in a Modern World, Archaeological and Historical Traces of Pre-WWII Japanese-American Culture (2017)
Artifacts and structures produce data for historical archaeology. They can be used to construct chronologies, explore social arrangements, and identify function and ethnic groups. Japanese men came as laborers to the Pacific Northwest in the late 19th century, working in logging camps, on the railroad, and in other industrial settings. By the early 20th century, Japanese families (re)turned to farming as they sought greater economic opportunity. Two such first generation Japanese families, the...
Extreme Public Archaeology : Excavating the 1645 Boston Latin School Campus Along Boston's Freedom Trail (2016)
Boston is a city celebrated for its history. With millions of heritage tourists bringing billions of dollars to the city annually, it is significant and rare for Boston to add additional attractions to its assemblage of historic sites along and around its famous Freedom Trail. In the summer of 2015, a team of volunteers excavated one of the "lost" Freedom Trail sites, the 1645 Boston Latin School campus, exposing and expanding the sites history to visitors and residents alike. This paper...
The Eyreville Site (44NH0507), Northampton County, Virginia: The Dutch Connection in the Middle 17th-Century (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeological Research of the 17th Century Chesapeake" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Eyreville Site (44NH0507) is located on the bayside of Virginia's Eastern Shore on an expansive terrace of Cherrystone Creek. Along with the standing 18th / 19th-century plantartion house, 17th-century brick foundations and an early 17th-Century earthfast structure offer an opportunity to document the diachronic...
Facilitated dialogue: A new emphasis, or pedagogical shift for the interpretation of cultural heritage sites? (2018)
Facilitated dialogue (FD) is a communication technique increasingly utilized by professional interpreters to connect and interact with audiences. It is a conversation between individuals in which a facilitator helps to overcome communication barriers regarding an issue of mutual concern. It is designed to join the experiences and expertise of participants to think through the conditions and opportunities necessary to impact the topic or issue discussed. FD is designed to foster an environment...
"Facilitating Frontier Trade: Supply Logistics at Fort San Marcos de Apalache, a Spanish Outpost in the Borderlands of La Florida, 1677-1796" (2015)
By the end of the eighteenth-century, the boundaries of Spain’s La Florida territory were informally defined by a series of outposts ranging west from St. Augustine to Pensacola. These outposts were strategically placed in order to secure supplies and regulate trade while maintaining Spanish-Indian relations in the territorial borderlands. Within these borderlands lay the fortified port of San Marcos de Apalache, initially established in 1677 in order to monitor the shipment of supplies from...
Facing a Mystery: An Anthropomorphic Clay Head (Re)Discovered at Nomini Plantation, Westmoreland County, Virginia (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Boxed but not Forgotten Redux or: How I Learned to Stop Digging and Love Old Collections" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Excavated in the 1970s by the Archeological Society of Virginia, the Nomini Plantation (44WM12) midden assemblage represents an extraordinary collection of mid- to late-seventeenth-century material culture, including not only European goods but also pipe-making waste and an array of clay...
The Faith Adaptations in Colonial Mauritius (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Historical Archaeology in the Indian Ocean" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Due to its colonial legacy, Mauritius could serve as a laboratory for the present-day globalization in almost every aspect of human activity. Most noticeable and distinguishable is the religious element. Corresponding to their homeland, the colonizers and colonists of Mauritius were followers of Christianity, African traditional...