United States of America (Geographic Keyword)
2,126-2,150 (3,819 Records)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Gender Revolutions: Disrupting Heteronormative Practices and Epistemologies" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In the 19th century, a new impulse toward the humane treatment of the insane prompted the establishment of lunatic hospitals across the United States and Europe. Within the normalizing disciplinary regime of these asylums, expressions of gender nonconformity and “deviant sexual instinct” (i.e.,...
Low Water Bankline Survey of the Rice Plantation Landscape (2016)
As part of the Savannah Harbor Expansion Project, the Savannah district will construct a number of mitigation features to compensate for adverse environmental impacts. Panamerican Consultants conducted both terrestrial and submerged investigations within the Savannah River estuary. A large component of the overall project was a low water bankline survey of Steamboat Slough, as well as Middle and Little Back Rivers, which recorded a total of 116 sites. Associated with the rice plantation...
Low-cost System for Image-Based 3D Documentation in Archaeology (2015)
The paper presents an image-based scene reconstruction algorithm for the 3D documentation of a lighter boat from the Gold Rush Era. It follows the structure-from-motion approach and uses low-cost equipment that is part of the standard documentation procedure at an archaeological site---a digital camera and a total station. Points measured with the total station are used to transform the model into the projected coordinate systems used at the excavation site such that measuring and...
Lowcountry Livestock Production: Eighteenth-Century Cattle Husbandry at Drayton Hall (2017)
The Proprietors of colonial South Carolina had wanted the colonists to be "planters and not graziers." However, the mild winters of South Carolina and the abundant range-lands were perfect for livestock production, and the livestock industry soon provided the financial foundation for many colonists to be planters as well as graziers. Utilizing faunal evidence from eighteenth-century assemblages from Drayton Hall, this paper explores the changing cattle husbandry strategies employed...
Lowcountry Urban Landscapes in the Greater British Caribbean (2018)
Archaeologists and architectural historians have long argued that Charleston’s Town Houses and urban landscapes were social stages for the Lowcountry’s gentry classes. But beyond their roles as socio-cultural theaters, cities and town played myriad economic, symbolic, and defensive roles in early modern colonial society. The challenge is understanding the intersection of these interpretive themes as realized through material cultural and the built environment. To begin to formulate more...
Luck Plays a Vital Role in Archaeology: The Story of the Fishing Schooner Frances Geraldine (2013)
Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc. conducted an archaeological investigation of an unknown shipwreck in the Sabine River, Louisiana. A little luck and persistent research identified the shipwreck as the Frances Geraldine, the last schooner built for the Lunenburg, Nova Scotia fishing fleet. The famed shipyard of Smith & Rhuland (builders of the racing fishing schooner Bluenose) constructed the Frances Geraldine in 1944. The Frances Geraldine spent the majority of her career in the...
Luna by Land and Sea: Public Outreach at America’s First European Settlement (2017)
The people of Pensacola have long been proud of their connection with the 1559 Tristán de Luna expedition and to the earliest European multi-year settlement of the United States. The recent discovery of Luna’s colony site on land, together with the ongoing excavation of ships associated with his wrecked fleet, has stimulated renewed public interest and excitement in the community’s heritage. Archaeologists with the University of West Florida and its(?)theFlorida Public Archaeology Network work...
The Luna Expedition: An Overview from the Documents (2017)
The 1559-1561 expedition of Tristán de Luna was the largest and most well-financed Spanish attempt to colonize southeastern North America up to that time. Had it succeeded, New Spain would have expanded to include a settled terrestrial route from the northern Gulf of Mexico to the lower Atlantic coast. While a hurricane left most of the fleet and the colony’s food stores on the bottom of Pensacola Bay just five weeks after arrival, the colonists nonetheless struggled to survive over the next...
The Luxury Of Cold: The Natural Ice Industry In Boca, California: 1868-1927 (2017)
Before the invention of refrigeration and artificial ice, naturally harvested ice was an important seasonal commodity for food storage and heat regulation. In 1852, Boston ice was shipped to San Francisco and sold as a luxury. Shortly thereafter, high demand led entrepreneurs to create ice companies in the Sierra Nevada Mountains along the newly-completed transcontinental railroad. The railroad could transport ice to customers, and utilized it to ship perishable food items over long distances...
Machines and the Migrant Under-employed: the production of surplus life and labor in the Anthracite coal fields of Northeast Pennsylvania (2018)
For much of its early history, underground coal mining involved material conditions which encouraged the solidarity and control of its independent skilled workers. Coal operations in the Anthracite region of Northeast Pennsylvania were among the first, however, to mechanize labor processes with steam shovels, waste processing, and other technical means to extract additional surplus profit from their investments. It also served to break the resistance of organized skilled workers. This technical...
Macho and Moral: An Archaeological Investigation of Masculine Behaviors on Apple Island, Michigan. (2016)
It is not remarkable to say that the separation between city and country has become a normalized binary. For years, scholars have discussed how capitalism has framed urban and rural spaces, including desires to leave urban areas for some approximation of a sentimental bucolic paradise. However, investigating the rural and urban separation and "back to the land" movements within capitalism reveals other interesting social phenomena. Archaeological investigations of a vacation retreat owned by...
Made in America? Sourcing the Coarse Earthenwares of Chesapeake Plantations (2015)
Unlike many other goods at the time, which were wholly imported from Great Britain or elsewhere abroad, utilitarian coarse earthenwares were also produced locally within the colonies. In the Chesapeake, it has been suggested that these local wares were reserved for those unable to trade directly with England. This paper presents the results of elemental analysis via laser ablation ICP-MS in order to identify the sources of utilitarian earthenwares used by plantation households. Employing a...
"Madly and blindly in the face of furious fire" Archaeological Survey of the Barber Wheatfield, Saratoga National Historical Park (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Northeast Region National Park Service Archeological Landscapes and the Stories They Tell" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The incredible events that occurred at Barber Wheatfield on October 7th, 1777 during the second Battle of Saratoga and the landscape of rolling hills and small farms make it a pivotal location in understanding the day's outcomes. This paper discusses the results of an archaeological...
Maggie Ross emerges from the Sands of Russian Gulch, California (2018)
On June 7, 2017, a diver from the U.C. Davis Bodega Marine Laboratory found a bow section of the Maggie Ross, a steam schooner that wrecked off the coast of Russian Gulch in August, 1892. The schooner was headed north from San Francisco when it struck a submerged rock near the former Russian outpost of Fort Ross. The captain was able to beach the foundering vessel at the nearest "doghole" port. This event was only the last of what was a tumultuous career for the ship. This paper will examine the...
Magnetic Models: Creating an Interpretive Model of Civil War Case Shot (2017)
3D modeling has been successfully incorporated into the realm of public outreach and interpretation. The ability to virtually access and manipulate artifacts and monuments allows people to interact with the object where they are incapable of doing so. Creating replicas also provides a hands-on experience by permitting onsite visitors to examine and hold certain objects, including the more delicate cross-mended materials. This project utilizes magnets in an attempt to connect the plastic replicas...
Magnolia Grove: A Comparative Study of Plantation Landscape and Architecture (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeologies of Enslavement" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Magnolia Grove is an early-mid nineteenth century town house property in Greensboro, Alabama and it functioned as a largely self-sufficient farming operation with around 25 acres of land and multiple slaves living on site. Because of these features Magnolia Grove can be viewed as a smaller contained parallel to other plantations owned by Isaac Croom. This...
A Mahiole, a Revolutionary War Major, and a Cosmopolitan City; A Case for Southern Urban Places (2018)
Perched in a display case in the depths of the Charleston Museum in Charleston, SC is a seemingly out-of-place grass helmet, an artifact from Hawaii donated in 1798. At first, it may be unclear how this object has much to contribute to a museum with a mission focused on the history of Charleston and the broader lowcountry of South Carolina. However, the presence of this object in and of itself, and its itinerary that eventually brought it to America’s first museum (c. 1773) tells us a great deal...
Mahogany and Iron: Archaeological Investigations of the Late 17th-Century Frigate Nuestra Señora del Rosario y Santiago Apostal (2013)
Constructed prior to 1696 near Veracruz, Mexico, the Nuestra Señora del Rosario y Santiago Apostal was a powerful warship of the Spanish Armada de Barlovento. The ship served primarily as an escort vessel during its nine years at sea. In addition to its primary duties Rosario led anti piracy patrols and fought in campaigns against other European powers in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. The ship's career came to an end in September of 1705 during a powerful hurricane in Pensacola Bay,...
Maine Midden Minders: Racing the Clock to Document Cultural and Environmental Archives (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Heritage at Risk: Shifting Responses from Reactive to Proactive" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Midden Minders program is a citizen-science based project designed to monitor and document the erosion of many of the approximately 2000 archaeological shell middens on the Maine coast. Virtually all these sites are eroding in the face of climate change induced sea level rise and increasing weather...
Maize, Mast, and Other Plant Resources from the Late Prehistoric and Contact Period North Carolina Piedmont (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Before, After, and In Between: Archaeological Approaches to Places (through/in) Time" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Contact period is often designated as a significant temporal marker for American archaeology. Excavations led by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill under the Siouan Project have produced an extensive number of archaeobotanical samples from late Prehistoric and Contact period...
"Making a Box Worthy of a Sleeping Beauty": Burial Container Surface Treatments in the 19th and Early 20th Centuries (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Recently, a fair amount of attention in historic mortuary literature has been paid to burial container hardware, and to a lesser extent, to the influence of hardware on the socioeconomics of the funeral and burial. However, base surface treatments, such as painting, varnishing, cloth-covering, etc. also influenced social perception and cost. Relatively little has been systematically...
Making a New World Together: The Atlantic World, Afrocentrism, and Negotiated Freedoms between Enslaver and Enslaved at Kingsley Plantation (Fort George Island, Florida), 1814-1839. (2013)
Zephaniah Kingsley, a British planter and slave trader living in Spanish Florida, was married to Anta Madgigine Jai, an African Senegambian woman, with whom he had four biracial children. Kingsley, in the context of his own time and given his personal history was decidedly Afrocentric in his later life, remorseful at the end of his life for his past actions as slave trader and owner, and certainly sympathetic to Africans, both enslaved and free, as individuals and to their collective...
Making an Alsatian Texas: World-Building, Materiality, and Storytelling in the Castro Colonies of Medina County (2017)
In many ways, Castroville, Texas is a world unto itself. As the "Little Alsace" of Texas, it has been built for over a century through work, struggle, and cooperation – with words and materials, memories and relationships. This world is continuously crafted today, through the restoration of historic Alsatian-style houses and the stories that are told about the town and its history. Though Castroville has been a nexus of Alsatian identity in Texas, other Alsatian colonies spread further into...
Making Do Outside a Consumer Culture: Pragmatics and Creativity in a Great Depression-era Gold Mining Camp in Northern Nevada, USA (2013)
This paper takes re-used mundane objects from a gold mining camp occupied in the 1930s as an entry point for commentary on the so-called "creativity crisis" in contemporary American (and Western) society. Since the late nineteenth century, marketing and social conditioning have been used to teach people that particular consumer goods are intended for specific uses, and these mental categories structure people’s interactions with them. The ability to conceive of unfamiliar uses for...
Making Ends Meet in 19th Century New Mexico (2015)
In 19th century frontier New Mexico consumer relationships reflected important social networks that were essential to the survival of Hispanic settlements. These relationships played a vital role in the formation and maintenance of modern Hispanic identity during the Mexican and American Territorial Periods. Using close statistical analysis of technological styles in the New Mexican ceramic assemblages of two sites, this poster examines personal relationships Hispanos cultivated with neighboring...