Western Europe (Geographic Keyword)
76-100 (350 Records)
The Coronation, a 90-gun second rate, is a protected wreck site off Plymouth. In 1691 she foundered in a violent gale. Like the majority of protected wrecks in the UK, there is a wealth of history and archaeology to be gleaned most often by archaeologists. To regular sports divers, the 61 in the UK have often been deemed off limits, encouraging the notion of "ivory towers academics". Not any longer: Ginge Crook, the licensee of the site, has significantly changed this attitude in just...
The "Correio d’ Ázia" – an early 19th century Portuguese "galera" wrecked in Australia. Preliminary findings. (2013)
In 1816 the Portuguese "galera" ´Correio da Azia´ was sailing from Lisbon to China "against weather, seas and wind, fire, shallows and coastal dangers and errors of maps". Carrying general cargo and more than 107.000 silver coins, the ship was never to reach its destination: on November, the 26th, she struck an uncharted reef off what was then New Holland and was hopelessly lost. After a failed salvaged attempt in 1817, the loss of the ship quietly slipped into the History until its story was...
Cultivating the Next Generation of Maritime Archaeologists: An Anglo/American Approach (2013)
For the past two years the Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) in the UK, in partnership with the underwater archaeology program at Northwestern Michigan College (NMC) in the USA, has run a field school in and around Lake Michigan focusing on maritime archaeology. These events have drawn students from across North America and Europe by providing a wide range of specialty training courses not found elsewhere in the region. A substantial amount of original research has been generated from these...
Cultural heritage, history and memory in the context of Madagascar (2013)
Cultural heritage, tangible and intangible, distinguishes a nation. Culture is patent in everyday life, through the various activities that man performs, language, traditions, rituals, beliefs it conveys, all the objects he uses. With modernity and globalization, this heritage, its history and memory, is greatly endangered and degrades rapidly. Among different reasons such as ignorance, indifference, destruction, theft, illicit trafficking of cultural property, natural disasters, failure in the...
The Cultural Landscape at Mount Plantation, Barbados: preliminary findings and future directions (2013)
As part of a wider project in Barbados and the UK, archival research, fieldwalking, and remote sensing have been carried out at Mount Plantation, Barbados. It was selected on its potential for two related research directions. First, to yield data related to the 17C transition to a sugar economy. Second, a study of created and transformed landscapes owned by the Lascelles family in Barbados and Yorkshire (UK). The archaeological investigation of Mount has the potential to yield significant...
Culture, Class & Consumption: Ireland in the Early Modern Atlantic World (2018)
Archaeological investigations throughout the northern Irish port town of Carrickfergus have generated a vast collection of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century material culture, reflecting the role of the town as an entrepôt of early-modern Atlantic goods. Carrickfergus was a heterogeneous settlement, with a mixture of Gaelic Irish, Scots, and English identities amongst a network of merchants, sailors, soldiers, and tradesmen. The material culture is illustrative of the changes in attitudes...
The 'Curse of the Caribbean'? The Effects of Agency on the Efficiency of Sugar Plantations in St Vincent and the Grenadines, 1801-30 (2013)
This study estimates agency's impact on the efficiency of sugar plantations using a panel data set compiled from St Vincent and the Grenadines' crop accounts and slave registry returns. Previous work suggests that agency resulted from absenteeism and exerted a large, negative influence on estate efficiency. This contribution uses stochastic frontier models for panel data to estimate the impact of agency while controlling for crop mix, locational variables, and the size of the estate. Analysis...
Data and metadata definition of underwater 3D archaeological features (2013)
The application of 3D technologies to archaeological research has been the subject of intense experimentation carried out by different scientific groups. Activity has focused in particular on the use of tools for the acquisition and reconstruction of 3D archaeological features or sites. So far researchers' interest has been aimed mainly at the exploitation of the potential of 3D technologies for virtual reality and the visualization of archaeological features and artifacts, for which many good...
Day of Archaeology: Large-scale Collaborative Digital Archaeology (2013)
Day of Archaeology (http://www.dayofarchaeology.com) is an annual event which offers a view of the working day of archaeologists worldwide, and answers the question "what do archaeologists do?" On the first event, on July 29th 2011, over 400 people working, studying or volunteering in archaeology contributed blog posts describing their day. The published text is not scripted by the organisers, and only minimally edited. The resulting website presents a behind-the-scenes view of archaeology that...
Dichotomies and Dualities: exploring the landscape impacts of the Great Depression through an archaeological lens (2018)
This paper will present the early results from the landscape strand of a multidisciplinary research project examining the landscape impacts of the Great Depression (1929-39). The goal of this project is to archaeologically investigate the impacts of and responses to the Great Depression in Northeast England, and to analyse these responses as interventions in the built environment, exploring their landscape impact. Early results indicate tensions between changes in wider culture (the coming of...
Digital documentation for many purposes. The Barcode 6 boat as a case study. (2013)
In 2007 The Norwegian Maritime Museum changed their method of documenting archaeological ship finds to 3D contact digitising using FARO-arm and Rhino software. In 2008 13 ship finds were uncovered at the so called Barcode site in the old harbour of Oslo. In this paper the focus will be on one of these boats, namely the Barcode 6. This boat find (AD 1595) is particularly suitable for generating a discussion around methodological aspects of digital documentation in that it has undergone many...
A Distant Diaspora: Comparative Perspectives on the Archaeology of Roman Slavery. (2013)
More than 100 million people were enslaved in the millennium during which the Roman Empire rose and was eclipsed, yet the lives of Roman slaves are still generally assumed to be archaeologically inaccessible. Classical archaeologists view slavery almost entirely through the lens of the Roman literary tradition, and through the work of ancient historians who have drawn on that tradition. This paper will suggest that whilst the material strategies of Roman slaves might be hard to isolate, they are...
Diversity in Adversity: French Immigrant Identity in Early Modern London (2013)
French immigrant refugees were a large and recognisable segment of the population of Early Modern London. Contemporary accounts indicate that they possessed a distinct and recognisable language, style of dress, and religion. In addition, they were seen to have been employed in specific occupations and of having lived in particular areas. Yet, the excavated and documentary evidence for their ownership of domestic material culture shows, for the most part, few differences between French immigrants...
Divulging Protected Wrecks in the Solent. (2013)
The Solent area has been witness to many hundreds of shipwrecks. The most significant of these are protected. Each wreck presents different challenges when managing and preserving the remains. Over the last two decades the Hampshire and Wight Trust for Maritime Archaeology has been working with licensees to record the wrecks and bring information to the public. The results have included the creation of displays, videos, publications and a web geoportal. Two wrecks that have been a particular...
Dynamic models for reconstructing ancient coastal landscapes: the use of the MAXENT algorithm (2013)
The availability of detailed environmental data has fueled a rapid increase in predictive modeling of archaeological landscapes and geographic distributions of archaeological evidence allowing the use of a variety of standard statistical techniques. In this paper we introduce the application of statistical and entropical methods in the geo-spatial analysis of the Sinis peninsula in the Gulf of Oristano, as investigated by the university of Sassari.The project was characterized by the use of...
The East India Company on the Bandon River 1608 to 1620 (2013)
The benefits that attracted the East India Company and its associates to the Bandon River area were the availability of land, cheap rents, and cheaper timber. Land and timber were valuable commodities. It was principally the growing English maritime and iron industries that took advantage of this resource. The Bandon River was one of the regions where the supply of timber was adequate to justify the introduction of the blast furnace and related works. Settlement and industry provided in varying...
Economies of Duration in Urban Archaeology (2013)
Looking to urban life in the recent past, present and future, conventional archaeological chronologies are of less relevance than in deeper history. Instead, we might replace ordered time with duration, time-as-experienced, in our analyses. However, if we want to look at the duration of individual events in the city, we run the risk of reducing our work to a point where it is essentially meaningless, considering single seconds in individual lives at the expense of a 'bigger picture'. This paper...
Educating a Research Team. Experiences and Results from the Vasa Textiles Project (2018)
In 2017 a project centering on the textile finds from the warship Vasa was started. Its aim is to document, analyze, contextualize, interpret and publish the approximately 300 textile fragments from the personal belongings of the ship’s crew. The finds show a large variety both in state of preservation and in the materials and techniques represented. The Vasa Textiles Project is set up as a collaboration between the Vasa museum and the unit for Textile studies at Uppsala university. The first...
Education in Maritime Archaeology: Universities, Capacity Building, and the Internet (2016)
The field of maritime archaeology exists within a dynamic socio-political world that constantly changes due to actions of those outside the field, such as legislation, funding, and public opinion. Education must suit the needs of students who will work in current and future conditions; however, many field schools and degree programs operate using paradigms from previous conditions. Registrant responses on MaritimeArchaeology.com show concern on what is being taught, significant gaps between...
Egypt in Britain: material vocabularies of bereavement. (2013)
The presence of Egyptianizing designs in nineteenth century cemeteries can be attributed at least in part to the global reach of British politico-economic interest and the appropriation of ancient cultures that this facilitated. However, the presence of these forms within a heterogeneous monumental landscape that also included designs taken from an imagined national past and from Classical architecture encourages us to consider not only how Egyptianizing forms were encountered and developed by...
Emergent Value: Archaeology and Inventories in Later Medieval England (2013)
Household inventories are an invaluable resource for identifying the range of objects which were present in the medieval home, but are not identified archaeologically. However, many items which are identified archaeologically are not regularly listed in these documents. Drawing on various relational approaches, it is my contention that rather than reflecting the inherent value of objects, inventories emerge as a set of relationships through which value was negotiated and maintained. I will...
eScience – a New Developing Paradigm for Archaeologists? (2013)
Digital infrastructures (DIs) and related socio-technical research have been proposed as methods for analysing and informing the eScience era of archaeology. This research area offers a conceptual framework for researching technologies, such as the role of IT and its implications for archaeology. DI conceptualization of technology also recognizes the process of digitalization and sociotechnical dynamics in integrating technologies into expanding configurations. Archaeology can be observed...
Ethical Issues In The Study And Preservation Of Early Modern Church Burials Of Northern Finland (2017)
A recent project on the study of early modern church burials of Northern Finland in the perspective of research and preservation of human and other material remains has raised several ethical issues. We have identified several parties who partake in the interest, opinions and sentiments in dealing with this particular context including local community, parish and the government. The rights, administration, and jurisdiction of different parties involved is far from being explicit, and this has...
Excavating an Excavator: Gerhard Bersu, his networks, and linking past and present (2013)
Actor-Network approaches allow connections between people and people, and people and things, to be explored in new ways. This is illustrated through a historiographical case study. Gerhard Bersu avoided Nazi persecution by being invited to excavate in the UK, only to be then interned on the Isle of Man in 1940, where he continued to excavate. We explore his social and intellectual networks at that time, together with his relationships with archaeological deposits, field records, and artefacts....
Exhumation And Reburial Of The War Dead By The Black Cross In Austria Between 1918 And 1938 From An Archaeological Perspective (2018)
In Austria the Black Cross is responsible for the creation of military cemeteries and other war graves for members of all nations and religious faiths, the graves of bombing victims as well as victims of political and racial persecution during the Second World War, and the care and maintenance of war graves from the time before or during the First World War. This lecture examines the methodological approach adopted by the institution for the exhumation of individual and mass graves between 1918...