North America: Southeast United States (Geographic Keyword)
301-325 (714 Records)
This is an abstract from the "What’s Canoe? Recent Research on Dugouts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Long before colonization, coastal inhabitants in Carolina’s Lowcountry used dugout canoes for trading, fishing, and gathering oysters. When the English intruded into this watery environment in 1670, many settlers migrated from Barbados, bringing captive Africans and hopes for establishing a profitable system of slave-based, staple-crop...
How the NMNH Rises to the Challenge of Using the Best Available Documentation for Repatriation (2018)
The NMNH Repatriation Program is charged under the NMAI Act to use the "best available scientific and historical documentation" to identify the origins of the human remains and objects in its collections. The nature of the museum means that the office can rely on the scholarship of Smithsonian curators for assistance. In addition, copious records in the National Anthropological Archive and in the Smithsonian Archives are present that relate to the collections. However, the records sometimes...
Humans Remain: Bioarchaeology and Community at the Historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Individuals Known and Unknown: Case Studies from Two Burial Contexts at Colonial Williamsburg" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We present the results of osteological analysis of human remains excavated at the original site of the historic First Baptist Church of Williamsburg, Virginia. The goals and parameters of our analysis were defined through a process of public engagement evolved from the ethical framework of the...
Hurricane Salvage and Public Archaeology: Preliminary Results from Data Recovery Excavations in Kisatchie National Forest of Western Louisiana (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Hurricanes Laura and Delta in 2020 caused extensive tree-fall damage to more than 100 sites throughout Kisatchie National Forest, including two large Pre-Contact sites (16VN3504 and 16VN3508). 16VN3504 and 16VN3508 are multi-component sites measuring more than 100 acres and are eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. In addition...
I Know as I Relate: Reimagining Relationships of the Deep Past (2024)
This is an abstract from the "*SE The State of Theory in Southeastern Archaeology" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Framed within Eurocentric materialism, economic theory of the deep past has largely formed a world of ‘natural resources’ ready for extraction, exploitation, and management. Conversely, Indigenous-based economies of North America-Turtle Island widely see an animate universe in which all creations have agency and tradition all their...
Ideas on an Interpretive Framework for Understanding Sites of Convict Leasing (2024)
This is an abstract from the "*SE The State of Theory in Southeastern Archaeology" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Convict leasing was an exploitative, capitalist-driven system that successfully replaced race-based chattel slavery with class-based rented forced labor in the American South. The system sits at the intersections of race, masculinity, labor, economics, and modernity. It reveals the ways that widely condemned historical practices, such...
Identifying Cultural Landscapes in Wilderness Areas on the Francis Marion National Forest (2018)
Wilderness is often interpreted to mean areas of pristine nature lacking evidence of human activity. But how realistic is this view given the length of human occupation where many endeavored to mold the landscape to suit their needs? The Francis Marion National Forest is positioned at the northern end of the Sea Islands Coastal Region of the South Atlantic Slope and contains four designated wilderness areas. Given the size and condition of the two largest wilderness areas the Forest Service...
Identifying Potting Traditions from the Nashville Basin through Ceramic Petrography (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Step by Step: Tracing World Potting Traditions through Ceramic Petrography" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper aims to investigate ceramic manufacturing in the Nashville Basin of Tennessee during the Mississippian period (AD 1000–1500) at the macroscopic and microscopic levels. Our vessel lot and petrographic studies analyze 73 shell-tempered pottery sherds from seven Middle Cumberland archaeological sites. We...
Immigration and Transformation: Local Community Response to the Abandonment of a Neighboring Region (2018)
Following the abandonment of the Middle Savannah River Valley at the end of the 14th century, communities on the neighboring Georgia Coast adopted a new settlement system. At the scale of the region, this appears as a dispersal of settlement and an increase in size of the largest population centers that had previously existed. This paper presents the results of the first systematic intra-community survey of a large site on the Georgia Coast. Results show how residents of the site spatially...
Impact of Oyster Overharvesting in Southwest Florida by Calusa Native Americans (2018)
Recent research has demonstrated that overharvesting of Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) by Calusa Native Americans was severe enough during the Caloosahatchee cultural period (500 BC–AD 1500) to have influenced the population demography of the shellfishery (Savarese et al., 2016). A shift to smaller individuals without a change in oyster growth rate was documented from the Late Archaic into the Caloosahatchee when Calusa population size increased considerably in the region. Modern oyster...
The Impersistence of Persistent Places on the St. Johns River, Florida (2018)
"Persistent places"—natural or terraformed locations that draw repeated human action—are unique resources for archaeologists investigating deep-time phenomena. Not only do they allow us to track social and ecological changes anchored in space, the repeated tending to such places set in motion historical path dependencies for descendent communities. However, at the human scale persistence is never a taken for granted, but is produced by the projects of communities who incorporate places into...
In Search of the Spanish Wells: Freshwater Resources and the Florida Keys (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Florida Keys present a unique ecological and archaeological setting in the United States, but one which has traditionally been discounted as too marginal of an environment to support year-round occupation by Indigenous communities prior to colonization. Anecdotal accounts of “Spanish Wells” reliably employed for freshwater during the colonial and early...
In Small Organisms Forgotten: Micro-fauna from Shell Middens at Crystal River (8CI1) and Roberts Island (8CI41) as Potential Proxies for Paleo-Climate (2018)
Crystal River (8CI1) and Roberts Island (8CI41) are neighboring mound and village complexes on the central Gulf Coast of Florida, occupied mainly sequentially across the first millennium AD. Stratigraphic excavations, coupled with extensive radiocarbon dating, permit relatively fine-grained observations regarding the prevalence of fauna over time. Oyster dominates faunal remains from all periods, but higher relative frequencies of small gastropods are evident in Midden Phases 2 and 4. Sponge...
In the Morning House: The Redhorn Cycle Depicted in Rock Art from Kentucky (2018)
This presentation reports on a new rock art site from Kentucky, brought to the authors' attention by local citizens. Inside a large sandstone rockshelter, more than a dozen black pictographs show several anthropomorphic characters. These images bear distinctive features and regalia associated with the "Redhorn Cycle" hero narrative reported by Paul Radin in 1948 from his ethnographic work among the Ho-Chunk. The rock art from this "Morning House" strongly resembles well-known Mississippian...
Incipient Pottery Practices and Divergent Complexities in the Late Archaic Southeast (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Complex Fisher-Hunter-Gatherers of North America" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Pottery technology has long played a central role in evolutionary narratives of early complex societies, most often through its perceived link to other cultural benchmarks such as sedentism, farming, and regionalization. Archaeological research over the past few decades, however, has largely discredited simplistic and monolithic accounts...
The Individual and the Group at 17th Century Mission Santa Catalina de Guale (2018)
The individual as an entity in the past and an object of anthropological and archaeological study has often been debated. In this paper I consider the presence and role of the individual as an actor within colonial contexts. Using the methods of social network analysis, I explore the relationship between groups, individuals, and objects at 17th century Mission Santa Catalina de Guale, a Franciscan mission located on St. Catherines Island, GA. I argue that the methods of social network analysis...
Inequality and consumption patterns in the North Carolina piedmont (2018)
Rural farmstead archaeology is often overlooked in favor of research into larger, urban centers. Rural archaeology is an important area of research because for most of American history, the majority of the population lived in rural settings. In addition, the late-19th and early-20th centuries were periods of rapid change in the American South. Farm modernization and southern urbanization affected people at all levels of the socioeconomic ladder. This poster will display the results of an...
Information Transmission Rates in the Early Colonial Southeast: Estimating On-Foot Travel Time over Established Native American Trails across the Region (2024)
This is an abstract from the "*SE Big Data and Bigger Questions: Papers in Honor of David G. Anderson" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Among the myriad contributions David Anderson has made to American archaeology are his multiple collaborations with researchers using GIS (including myself) to extract new and useful data from multiscalar and multitemporal spatial datasets. As a graduate student of his, I learned that new and valuable information...
The Inglehame Farm Site (40WM342): A Preliminary Assessment of Mississippian Settlement in the Little Harpeth River Watershed, Tennessee (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Initial grading activity in 2003 for a proposed cul-de-sac within the Inglehame Farm subdivision in northern Williamson County uncovered several Mississippian period stone-box graves. Subsequent archaeological investigations in 2004 recorded structures, refuse-filled pits, and additional stone-box graves associated with an intact Mississippian period village. ...
Insights into Paleoenvironment and Cultural Resilience on the Ancient Georgia Coast and Implications for Sustainability in the Twenty-First Century (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We discuss key insights into over 5,000 years of environmental change on the Georgia Coast derived from tree-ring analyses of a deposit of ancient bald cypress from the mouth of the Altamaha River, including changes in coastal forests through time. Human-environment interactions, such as the resilience of estuarine-based societies and ecosystems during periods...
An Integrated Study of Late Archaic to Early Woodland Lithics and Ceramics of the Coastal Savannah River Valley (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Late Archaic (3000-1000 BCE) to Early Woodland (1000 – 500 BCE) transition of the South Atlantic Bight is characterized by vast sociotechnical changes. Research of these periods has been dominated in recent decades by the study of large shell rings and their likely attendant ceremonial happenings, in part because coastal erosion has necessitated...
Intensive Regionalism Amongst Hunter-Gatherer Groups in Eastern Oklahoma (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Across the southeastern United States, the Woodland Period is marked as a time by processes of increased cultural distinction known as regionalism. In Eastern Oklahoma, the Fourche Maline archaeological culture (ca. 2300 – 1100 cal. BP) demonstrates a strategy of limited mobility and high intensities of regionalism prior to the Woodland Period. These...
Interpreting Prospect Bluff (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the 19th century, a fort and independent settlement of enslavement escapees and their descendants emerged along the Apalachicola River. Prospect Bluff, which eventually became to be known as “Negro Fort”, was a place where Maroons resisted the institutions of slavery. Prospect Bluff hosted a vibrant community of Maroons. At its peak it was home to...
Interpreting Resharpening Patterns of Paleoindian and Early Archaic Projectile Points from the Carolina Piedmont (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Resharpening occurs throughout the use-life of a tool and may indicate the intention to rejuvenate the blade edge or the reconfiguration of a tool for a new function. Analysis of this aspect of projectile point maintenance can reflect variation in resource use strategies amongst the users of these tools. This study concerns the differences in resharpening...
Intervening Impersistence on the St. Johns River, Florida (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Rethinking Persistent Places: Relationships, Atmospheres, and Affects" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The shell mounds of the St. Johns River basin in northeast Florida are among some of the longest-lived places in North America. The repeated occupation over 9,000 years in duration attests to the attention paid to these places through depositions and encounters. Depositional histories reveal how places grounded...