Bronze Age (Other Keyword)
76-100 (333 Records)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Ethnographic investigations into menstrual seclusion practices worldwide show that investigating these behaviors is not only fruitful, but also integral in understanding a community’s ideology and social structuring. Texts dating to the New Kingdom and Demotic periods suggest that ancient Egyptians engaged in a menstrual seclusion practice that included a...
Digital Archaeology In Mongolia: Visualizing the Data (2018)
This study presents results from data visualizations of archaeological sites in northern and western Mongolia. Unlike traditional site documentation techniques applied throughout the discipline, digitalization of data while in the field presents distinct advantages for the study and preservation of both cultural heritage and archaeological data collections. These methods include the production of digital 3D maps, from both aerial and hand-held photogrammetry, data collection with tablets using...
Digital Deforestation: DTM Generation with Agisoft Photoscan (2018)
Image-based Modeling (IBM) is an increasingly-applied technique for field archaeologists for generation of high-resolution spatial data. IBM is effectively and easily applied for generation of Orthophotographs and Digital Surface Models (DSMs). Yet raw DSMs are not suitable for analysis or mapping purposes in vegetated environments due to the fact that they contain measurements of trees, bushes, and even architecture, ancient and modern. Archaeologists often instead require Digital Terrain...
Digital Deforestation: DTM Generation with Agisoft Photoscan (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Towards a Standardization of Photogrammetric Methods in Archaeology: A Conversation about 'Best Practices' in An Emerging Methodology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Applying digital photogrammetry to archaeological sites is a well-known approach. Also fairly common is photogrammetry’s combination with low-altitude aerial photography (LAAP) in order to generate three-dimensional data and produce GIS outputs such as...
Digital Imaging and Rock Art (Relational) Biographies: Reassessing Iberian Late Bronze Age "Warrior" Stelae (2018)
Formal approaches to rock art traditionally focused on meaning and representation. Rock art images and panels were treated as static representations of symbolic frameworks while their materiality and active role in cultural production were overlooked. Rock art is the product of the dynamic interplay between people, tools and the rock surface. The properties of the rock panel have the capacity to shape rock art production as much as the skill and knowledge held by the engraver/painter and the...
Digital Technology, Digital Practices: Incorporating Digital Techniques into Archaeological Excavation and Interpretation (2018)
Digital methods in archaeology have led to new ways of recording, analyzing, and presenting archaeological sites and materials, but these new methods are adopted within the context of previously existing practices of archaeological work. Some digital recording methods in excavation build upon and sometimes displace long-standing analog methods with proven results. Digital representations of cultural materials present novel interpretive affordances compared to analog representations that, while...
A Distant Perspective: Characterization of Britain and Ireland in Studies of Large-Scale Exchange (2018)
Archaeologists often characterize the Bronze Age by a pronounced expansion in long-distance interaction, which resulted in contact, whether direct or indirect, between disparate geographical areas. The centrality of this notion to the definition of the Bronze Age has resulted in numerous studies addressing such large-scale exchange of material culture and/or ideology. When incorporated into such studies, Britain and Ireland are often lumped together under the moniker of "the British Isles." This...
Do Women Rule Differently? Lessons from the Ancient Egyptian Patriarchy (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Women of Violence: Warriors, Aggressors, and Perpetrators of Violence" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Historians often make blanket assumptions that female kings of Egypt ruled differently from men. Hatshepsut is often said to have been a pacifist, not leading her country into invasions abroad. Cleopatra’s rule has been characterized as drama-seeking, manipulative, not to mention hormonally imbalanced in the writings...
The Dogs of War: A Bronze Age Initiation Ritual in the Russian Steppes (2018)
At the Srubnaya-culture settlement of Krasnosamarskoe in the Russian steppes, dated 1900–1700 BCE, a ritual occurred in which the participants consumed sacrificed dogs, primarily, and a few wolves, violating normal food practices found at other sites, during the winter. At least 64 winter-killed canids, 19% MNI/37% NISP, were roasted, fileted, and apparently were eaten. More than 99% were dogs. Their heads were chopped into small standardized segments with practiced blows of an axe on multiple...
Domestic Craft Specialization and Social Spatial Organization of Harappa (2018)
The site of Harappa, Pakistan, was a major urban center of the Indus Civilization with over two thousand years of occupation (3700-1700 BCE). The site did not have an obvious civic ceremonial center but was instead multi-nodal with walled sub-divisions. As an aspect of stone tool assemblage analysis at the site, the most functionally relevant attributes of the blade tools were differentially weighted to produce a soft hierarchical clustering classification scheme. These classes are considered...
Double Handled Vessels at Seyitömer Höyük in Kütahya, Turkey: The Manufacture, Use, and Trade of Depas Cups (2018)
During the Early Bronze Age, the site of Seyitömer Höyük in Western Anatolia, served as both a center for ceramic production and trade. Through the innovative use of a mold-making technique, as well as a clay coil and wheel combination method, potters were able to produce a standardized diverse ceramic repertoire at a fast rate. Within the site assemblage, a variety of ceramic types are represented, including the depas amphikypellon, a two handled drinking vessel. Depas vessels originating from...
Dress Pins, Textile Production, and Women’s Economic Agency across Early Second Millennium Anatolia (2018)
Nearly seventy years of excavations at Kültepe have yielded a remarkable assemblage of material reflecting the rich and fluid daily lives of the Anatolians, Assyrians, and others who inhabited such a dynamic and cosmopolitan city. A diverse category of objects, metal dress pins, has been recovered from burials at Kültepe and other Middle Bronze Age Anatolian sites, providing tangible connections to the ancient people who wore them. Previous scholarship has focused on the style and origin of...
Dugongs, Dromedaries, and Domesticates: Disentangling Diverse Diets in Bronze Age Southeast Arabia (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Farm to Table Archaeology: The Operational Chain of Food Production" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Bronze Age (ca. 3100 – 1250 BCE) in southeast Arabia is a period of major social and economic changes. In general, several aspects of the southeastern Arabian Bronze Age diverge from patterns occurring in neighboring areas, making it an interesting focal point of study. In terms of subsistence strategies,...
Early Bronze Age Burial Structures of the Eastern Adriatic and Their Possible Connections with the Aegean (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The paper discusses connections between the eastern Adriatic coast and the Aegean during Early Bronze Age. This is the period when Cetina Culture saw its birth in the hinterland of the eastern Adriatic coast (present day Croatia). The pottery typical of the Cetina Culture subsequently spread to the Italian and northern Adriatic coasts, central Balkan...
Early Bronze Age Cemeteries on Lake Baikal, Siberia: Their History and Patterns of Use (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Northeast Asian Prehistoric Hunter-Gather Lifeways: Multidisciplinary, Individual Life History Approach" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Prehistoric hunter-gatherer cemeteries are usually analyzed as one chronologically flat block of data representing certain groups of people. While justified by small sample sizes or dating problems, such an approach is obviously ahistorical in that it denies these cemeteries and...
Early Bronze Age Economies along the Dead Sea, Jordan: Reconstructing Agricultural Practices through Integrated Stable Isotope Analysis and Macrobotanical Study (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Cultivating Cities: Perspectives from the New and Old Worlds on Wild Foods, Agriculture, and Urban Subsistence Economies" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeologists such as Chesson (2019) have suggested the need for a more nuanced characterization of Early Bronze Age urbanism in the Southern Levant, one that embraces local variations as part of a regional EBA ideological package. Local agricultural economies would...
Early Childhood Diet during the Bronze Age Eastern Zhou Dynasty (China): Evidence from Stable Isotope Analysis (2019)
This is an abstract from the "The Health and Welfare of Children in the Past" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Diet and health are deeply intertwined, and childhood is a critical period where nutrition can have significant short- and long-term effects on the growing individual. Breastfeeding, weaning, and childhood dietary habits are culturally-mediated practices, and how a developing body is fed is a critical cultural experience with biological...
Early polities in the steppes: Sintashta communities of southern Russia (2017)
First polities in the Eurasian steppes are documented by the Greek and Chinese historical accounts of the Scythians (9th-3rd centuries BC) and the Xiongnu (3rd century BC – 1st century AD). Archaeologically, these entities manifested themselves in complex settlement networks, consisting of fortified sites, dispersed farmsteads, and mobile pastoral camps. Earlier roots of political organization in the Eurasian steppes are largely limited to funerary and ceremonial monuments, which presumably...
Elite Stronghold or Communal Defense? Investigating a Late Bronze-Early Iron Age Cyclopean Fortress in Kvemo Kartli, Southern Georgia (2019)
This is an abstract from the "The South Caucasus Region: Crossroads of Societies & Polities. An Assessment of Research Perspectives in Post-Soviet Times" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Emerging after a Middle Bronze Age, which is defined by massive kurgan burials and a lack of permanent settlements, cyclopean fortresses of the South Caucasus represent the product of a significant amount of coordinated labor. However, much is unclear about the...
Enclosure and Surveillance: The Development of a Disciplinary Landscape in Bronze Age Cyprus (2018)
Monumental architecture, specifically in the form of structures classified as "fortifications," emerged on Cyprus at the end of the Middle Bronze Age, but these massive constructions remained in use for only a brief period of time. This period, however, is of critical importance to the transformation of Cypriot society from a relatively egalitarian village-based society to the urban-focused, politically complex society of the Late Bronze Age. Using the cluster of fortresses in the Agios...
Entangled Biodiverse Landscapes: Human and Environmental Dynamics in the Mountain Steppes of Armenia (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Living Landscapes: Disaster, Memory, and Change in Dynamic Environments " session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In this paper we investigate the entanglement of agro-pastoral and ecological processes on the creation and maintenance of vegetation biodiversity in the mountain steppe of Armenia, an area that has been a steppe for the entire Holocene (Cromartie et al. 2020). Focusing on the Bronze and Iron Age we discuss how...
Entheseal Changes in Bronze and Early Iron Age Mongolia (2018)
Extensive bioarchaeological research has addressed questions about stress, pathology, and activity in agricultural and semi-agricultural populations throughout the archaeological record, yet comparable studies pertaining to nomadic pastoral and semi-pastoral groups are relatively rare. During the Bronze Age in the Eurasian Steppes, archaeological evidence suggests a transition of lifeways from semi-sedentary agricultural to nomadic pastoralist. Entheseal analyses in bioarchaeology introduce an...
Environmental Context and Archaeobotanical Results of the Chengdu Plain Archaeological Survey (2023)
This is an abstract from the "The Chengdu Plain Archaeology Survey (2004–2011): Highlights from the Final Report" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The constraints and advantages presented by the natural environment of the Chengdu Plain had important impacts on how ancient humans exploited and occupied this environment. This poster considers how that the Plain was subject to a high degree of geomorphological remodeling due to frequent flooding and...
Erasing the Past: The Intentional Forgetting of Amarna Period Artifacts in the Tomb of Tutankhamun (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Tutankhamun, one of the last kings of the Eighteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (circa 1330-1300 BCE), was buried in an non-royal tomb in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt. His burial assemblage is one of the most intact burials ever discovered in Egypt. Amongst the many items, are atypical items that have not been found in other late Eighteenth Dynasty burials....
Escaping from the Tomb: A Spatial Analysis of Possible Escape Routes in the Valley of the Kings, Egypt (2018)
Howard Carter discovered the relatively intact tomb of Tutankhamun (KV 62), one of the last kings of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, in the Valley of the Kings in 1922. Prior to the discovery, Carter discovered several small artifacts in the cliffs above the valley’s floor, which he proclaimed were indicators of a possible escape route of the ancient tomb raiders from the Valley of the Kings. During the excavation of the tomb, Carter also claimed to have identified two distinct robberies that...