Society for American Archaeology 83rd Annual Meeting, Washington, DC (2018)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelton Meyer. Jason LaBelle.

Paleoindians of the Great Plains are often generalized as highly mobile bison hunters that moved in response to migrating bison. This view is certainly shaped by many well-known single component bison kills which form the basis for the argument. The Lindenmeier (5LR13) Folsom site of northern Colorado might be a notable exception to the high mobility model, as it contains hundreds of Folsom tools, animal bone, chipping debris, and decorated artifacts spread over 800 meters of buried deposits....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ellen Moriarty. Matthew Moriarty.

Members of the general public often view local prehistory from an artifact-based perspective, with a limited or incomplete understanding of the people who made and used such items. This view of the past is often paired with misunderstandings about both the nature of ancient settlements and the need to protect them as vital cultural resources. Initiated in 2016, the South Champlain Historical Ecology Project (SCHEP) has two goals: to study patterns in human-environment interaction along the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Whittaker Schroder. Socorro Jimenez Alvarez.

Though today the Usumacinta River marks part of the boundary of Mexico and Guatemala, during the Classic period the Usumacinta would have passed through numerous kingdoms, including Piedras Negras and Yaxchilan. Alternate travel routes through the valleys to the west in Mexico crossed an even more complicated political landscape approaching the kingdoms of Palenque, Tonina, and Sak Tz’i’, as well as the plentiful minor centers and rural settlements throughout the region. While surveys between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brad Chase. David Meiggs. P. Ajithprasad.

Pastoralism, the production and management of livestock, was integral to the lifeways practiced by the peoples of the Indus Civilization (2600-1900 BC), South Asia’s first experiment with urban society. The integration of Gujarat (India) into the interregional flows of people, goods, and ideas that knit together the Indus Civilization, for example, is associated with the widespread adoption of pastoralism in a region that was formerly characterized by small-scale horticulturalist-hunting...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jaime R. Pagan-Jimenez. Corinne L. Hofman. Menno Hoogland.

Ongoing investigations by the Nexus 1492 Synergy Project (Leiden University) at El Flaco archaeological site, has revealed the existence of an interesting Amerindian hamlet chronologically situated between XII and XV centuries. People who lived and died there, being carriers of the Meillacoid and Chicoid traditions, kept their kitchen areas extremely close to their houses, leaving noticeable remnants of their processing tools (shell scrapers, rudimentary grinding stones), cooking pots and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy Clark.

Open-air Middle Paleolithic sites in France are characterized by dense piles of lithic material surrounded by low density "empty" areas. Spatial analysis can be used to segregate lithics artifacts based on whether they are located in the high or low density zones. This analysis is supported by the spatial tracking of refitting sets. The results indicate that high density zones likely correspond with knapping locations and low density areas contain lithics selected from the knapped material for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victoria Sluka.

A pilot study of pile carpet variation and error is carried out on ethnographic Turkmen carpets. No such work has been previously published, and so this analysis provides basic data and conclusions on carpet variation, including type and intensity of variation, to be used as a starting point for further study of archaeologic carpet samples. Data is taken from six comparable carpets, informing on two aspects of carpet variation. The dimensions and knot densities of the carpets’ motifs are used...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Parkinson. Attila Gyucha. Richard Yerkes.

The Körös Regional Archaeological Project was established in 1998 as a collaborative, multidisciplinary, research project focused on the later prehistory of the Körös region on the Great Hungarian Plain in the Carpathian Basin. Over the last two decades, the project has attempted to build upon the success of previous ambitious projects in the region by emphasizing not only the collaborative nature of the research endeavor but also by incorporating a robust training component into the project. In...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gabriela Uruñuela. Patricia Plunket. Héctor Aguilar.

A Mexican slang expression, "la del estribo" (one for the stirrup) refers to the extra glass before departing, the one that you take to continue your path. In many cultures, social drinking reinforces the collective fabric: to seal an accord, to pledge peace, or to celebrate the start or the end of an event. As death is the most crucial instance that both signals closure and new beginnings, today, as in the past, funerals often include libations. In the village of Tetimpa, some beverage was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Olga Landa.

La numerosa y acelerada construcción de infraestructura en México, suelen poner en riesgo la subsistencia de los vestigios arqueológicos ubicados a lo largo y ancho del territorio, los cuales deben ser salvaguardados, sin que esto signifique detener el desarrollo del país. En este sentido se planeó conjuntamente con la Comisión Federal de Electricidad y la Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes, la instrumentación de mecanismos adecuados para que la realización de las obras sea planificada...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mari Carmen Serra Puche.

El surgimiento del Centro Regional de Xochitecatl-Cacaxtla tiene sus orígenes en los primeros asentamientos aldeanos del Valle de Tlaxcala, la elección del lugar donde se construyó se debe a la ubicación estratégica entre los ejes de los volcanes que rematan el valle reconstruyendo un paisaje sagrado y también por el acceso y control de las rutas de intercambio con la cuenca de México, el Valle de Morelos y el Golfo y Oaxaca. Su área de interacción y control fue cambiando en el Transcurso del...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Magdalena Aguilar. Hirokazu Kotegawa.

El empleo de la lítica fue una constante desde los primeros grupos humanos, solucionando sus problemas cotidianos. Por ello, estos artefactos nos aportan información importante para la comprensión de actividades domésticas, sociales, rituales y económicas de una sociedad. El sitio arqueológico Estero Rabón está ubicado en el Sur de Veracruz. A través de las excavaciones en dicho sitio se recuperaron materiales arqueológicos de la fase Villa Alta correspondiente al Clásico Tardío/Terminal. En...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timpoko Hélène Kienon-Kabore. Vincent Serneels.

Près de Kaniasso dans la zone d’Odiénné, sur les sites de Siola, zones 1000 et 2000, et Doumbala, une séquence chrono-technologique en trois phases a été mise en évidence, caractérisées par trois traditions techniques différentes : KAN 1 (1300 – 1450 AD), KAN 2 (1450 – 1650 AD) et KAN 3 (1650 - 1900 AD). Des vestiges présentant de grandes similitudes ont été identifiés sur de nombreux sites dans la région. Par contre, le site de la zone 4000 de Siola, dont l’étude sur le terrain a été reprise en...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Raquel Otto. Luke Stroth.

El movimiento de obsidiana para el periodo Posclásico (1500- 1530d.C) en el noreste de Honduras, ha sido prácticamente desconocido para nosotros, por las pocas publicaciones científicas y naturaleza de los suelos en esta área del país, el hallazgo de este material puede considerarse poco probable, sin embargo existe un cambio marcado de la presencia de obsidiana para el periodo Posclásico. Mediante el estudio de las secuencias de producción lítica, tomando en consideración atributos tales como...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Juan De La Peña Paredes. Yamile Lira López.

El valle de Maltrata, al oeste del estado de Veracruz, presenta un desarrollo poblacional que inicia desde el periodo Preclásico, continúa en el Clásico, Posclásico y Colonia, durante esos periodos de tiempo la población se fue asentando en distintas partes del valle, aprovechando los espacios naturales que se disponían. Desde el inicio de la ocupación se utilizó la posición estratégica del valle como una ruta de comunicación, comercio e intercambio, que fue usada por diversas culturas para la...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J. Eduardo Eche Vega. Jose L. Peña.

La obtención de alimentos es quizás la función de elemental prioridad que el poblador andino de la costa peruana haya tenido que afrontar desde sus inicios como sociedad pre- industrial. La subsistencia como mecanismo para el autoabastecimiento de alimentos ha llevado a las sociedades complejas a innovar ideas, tecnologías, redes de intercambio para asegurar una sobrevivencia compleja. No obstante, los diferentes aspectos tanto ambientales como sociales, políticos y económicos permitieron a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn Turney.

There is a contentious history between Navajo families living in the Wupatki Basin, ranchers, and the National Park Service. The creation of the monument in 1924 gradually displaced indigenous residents from ancestral homelands leading to loss of territory and connection to family. Here I focus on change in Euroamerican demands for land and federal management policies, as well as Navajo kinship, family dynamics, and oral history as told by descendants of the first Navajo settlers in the Wupatki...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Arkush.

This paper starts from the hypothesis that "community" in the Andean highlands in the Late Intermediate Period (LIP) had a great deal to do, not only with kinship and territory, but also with collective defense, including the defense of important common resources. If so, how would the socioeconomic activities of farming and herding have affected the practical organization of defense, and the formation of communities based in part on common defense? I draw on the archaeological record of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sara Becker.

Modern, archaeological, and bioarchaeological accounts of South American Andean workers show labor divisions by age, then gender, with a focus on duality between the sexes. Within the Tiwanaku state (AD 500-1100) of Bolivia and Peru, labor was also divided across the landscape within its heartland and colonies, and especially within its multiethnic neighborhoods in the heartland city of Tiwanaku (Becker 2017). Pondering these labor communities further with a focus on data from these peoples’...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Deanna Keegan.

The Burren is a region located in southwest Ireland containing the highest concentration of wedge tombs in the county showing a significance of place in the Chalcolithic–Early Bronze Age. Contemporary to wedge tombs are large complex systems of settlement enclosures, farm fields, and other ritual monuments, which can be seen at sites across the Burren, such as Roughan Hill, Coolnatullagh, and Carran Plateau. Excavations at these sites have provided cohesive radiocarbon dates within the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Colin Wren. Ariane Burke.

During the Last Glacial Maximum the population of Western Europe contracted its range as the climate became less hospitable and more unpredictable. Mobility decisions must have been a key part of human adaptation during this time but are notoriously difficult to extract from archaeological data. Agent-based modelling offers one way to explore human mobility heuristically, producing test implications that can be tested using the archaeological record. We use a model of habitat suitability derived...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonathan Reeves. Matthew Douglass. Seminew Asrat. Melissa Miller. David R. Braun.

Lithic surface scatters comprise a large proportion of the archaeological record but their value for understanding human behavior is often doubted. Modern geomorphological processes often laterally displace and selectively bias surface assemblages of artifacts. The predictable effects of displacement on the condition, weathering and size distributions of lithic assemblages is better understood. While topography is known to play a role in this process, the degree to which topographic variables...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Lovis.

The so-called "Birney Mound" on the Saginaw River in lower Michigan is revisited from the vantage point of long term landscape perception, marking, naming, and memory. The natural raised postglacial beach feature, a deposit of light sand, is the major landscape prominence on the Saginaw River drainage. At times during high water stands in the basin the location was the entrepot to the system from Lake Huron, and during later recessional episodes became the first highly visible landform...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caroline Antonelli.

This paper examines shifting environmental paradigms in the Maya realm. Using Mayapán as a case study, a site long-considered to be located in a "marginal" environment for agricultural productivity, I will evaluate site resilience, sustainability, and self-sufficiency and use these concepts to create a more nuanced perspective of human-environment interactions. Data from Mayapán will be cross-referenced to other similar sites across the Maya region. I will show that assumptions about the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Li Zhang.

In the last decade, much has been learned about the network of interactions in Bronze Age Eurasia, and the importance of the steppe pastoralists in the creation of this network. However, the mechanisms that enabled societies in ancient China (both those bordering on and distant from the steppe) to participate in the Bronze Age Eurasian arena are still poorly understood. Based on the latest archaeological discoveries in China, this article focuses on the participation of four regions of ancient...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel Grap.

Situated in Israel’s Jezreel Valley, Tel Shimron holds the remains of occupations from the Early Bronze Age through to the 20th century. It is one of the largest tels in the region, but had not been excavated before this summer. The Tel Shimron Excavation project aims to investigate tel stratigraphy and better understand regional dynamics with the Galilean Hills and the Mediterranean agricultural economy. We began in 2016 by conducting geophysical surveys over much of the tel to investigate the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria C. Bruno. Christine A. Hastorf. Jewell Soriano.

Generations of ethnographers have documented the many levels of ritual that contribute to Andean food production, from subtle coca offerings to community-scale canal cleaning festivals. Here, we discuss a ritual conducted on a yearly basis in the community of Chiripa on the Taraco Peninsula, Bolivia to ward off crop damage by hail. This ritual involves a group of community leaders specifically charged with protecting the agricultural lands and yields. They walk two specific routes and burn...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shaun Murphy. Peter Bikoulis. Sally Stewart.

Making use of several long-term survey projects in central Cyprus, the connection between chert sources, find spots and sites are analyzed using chemical and spatial analyses to examine the relationship between mobility and community structure. The Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) of some 150 samples shows that distinct types of chert were preferred, primarily Lefkara translucents. Spatial analyses investigate the associations between particular chert outcrops, small lithic scatters and larger...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Noa Corcoran Tadd.

The great silver mining centers of Potosí, Porco, and Oruro in the Bolivian highlands have long formed an important focus for understanding the Spanish colonial world, both for the colonial imagination and for the contemporary historian. In comparison with the contexts of production and exchange based around these mining centers, however, their wider contexts of mobility and logistics within the altiplano and the valleys leading west to the Pacific coast have been comparatively...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn Franklin.

This paper approaches Silk Road-scapes as imagined topographies, a particular inheritance of the medieval culture of travel, and of its representations of the world(s). How we imagine the ‘Silk Road’ landscape is therefore rooted in assumptions about categories and conditions of agency (social and historical), and about space. These include mobility, transcendence, and visibility—both in the landscape and in the record. Travel and cosmopolitan encounters along roads (Silk or otherwise) are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Hauser.

The model of linguistic creolization had a particular impact on archaeological practice. Drawing inspiration from Sidney Mintz’s and Richard Price’s Birth of African American Culture (1992), archaeologists have been quick to recognize how they could use the concept to interpret material culture and relations of power. Indeed, the histories and processes associated with settler colonization in the Caribbean, including indigenous displacement, forced migration of Africans and the appropriation of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anna Roosevelt.

Rarely does the New World a thropological literature mention the existence of large centralized, multi-unit fired clay cooking structures of some prehistoric or recent indigenous Amazonian households. Yet these large, highly patterned features have been informative for archaeology from several points of view. Their existence and common presence as permanent structures built into the floors of prehistoric mound sites on Marajo Island have demonstrated that the mounds they occur in had sizeable,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Izumi Shimada. Carlos Elera. Haagen Klaus. Alexandra Greenwald. Jenna Hurtubise.

We present a multidisciplinary summary vision of the natural and cultural contexts and impacts of an 11th century mega-El Niño event and the extraordinary social responses to and consequences of it. Evidence and impacts of torrential rains and associated severe flooding dated ca. 1050 CE have been documented at multiple sites along the Peruvian coast, particularly in the Lambayeque region. The flood buried the Middle Sicán capital of Sicán with fluvial deposits 1.0 to 1.5 m thick. During this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sean Bergin. Grant Snitker.

During the early and middle Holocene, the introduction of agropastoral subsistence to Europe resulted in significant social and economic transformations. For decades, researchers have recognized that early agricultural communities had an ecological impact on the surrounding landscapes. As a whole, paleoecological records indicate increases in charcoal abundance and changes in vegetation communities’ distribution or diversity related to Neolithic agricultural land clearing, burning, or pastoral...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Morgane Berrone.

El presente estudio se organiza en torno a una dobla problemática relacionado al Formativo de la costa ecuatoriana (4400 – 300 BC): el examen de los gestos funerarios y su comparación en una perspectiva diacrónica e intercultural. Con un examen teórico y estadístico se puede identificar normas funerarias propias a cada cultura. La comparación intercultural permite de subrayar similitudes y diferencias entre las diferentes culturas del Formativo. Procede de los diferentes trabajos arqueológicos...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dorie Reents-Budet. Ronald L. Bishop. Joseph Ball. Jennifer Taschek.

The socio-political and economic interactions of Las Ruinas de Arenal, a small but architecturally rich center in the lower Mopan River Valley, are explored through a focused investigation of select Classic period (250-850 CE) pottery from general occupation and special deposits. The study combines ceramic typological data with evaluations of artistic style and paste chemical composition. Previous archaeological investigations by Taschek and Ball found scant evidence of foreign influence in Las...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carly Hunter.

This poster will highlight the benefits and drawbacks associated with the establishment of the National Park Service in western North Carolina. Specifically focusing on the Cataloochee Valley of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the implementation of government regulations both culturally and geographically affected the region in ways that did not always align. Some of these programs actually disenfranchised the local population, but simultaneously supplied the federal protection that has...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kirsten Tharalson. Leland C. Bement.

The Certain site is a 2000-year-old Late Archaic bison kill site consisting of multiple arroyo localities in western Oklahoma. Analysis of the site’s excavated faunal assemblage identified an MNI of several hundred bison, although an MNI around 1000 is expected for the entire site. At least nine distinct kill events are represented at Certain, including multiple seasonalities, though largely targeting calf/cow herds. We present the culmination of our analysis to date, including seasonality, herd...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stanley Walling.

Recent research at the ball court complex and other areas of the ancient hinterland community of Chawak But’o’ob in the Rio Bravo Conservation and Management Area in northwestern Belize indicates the existence of a sophisticated interplay of environment and ideology at this agrarian site. The intersection of landscape, hydrology, and architecture here hints at mythological underpinnings of Maya commoner ritual that only partially overlap those in evidence in ancient urban contexts.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristina Solis.

The Late Holocene was a time of sea level stability, increased moisture, and abundant resources. Existing models suggest that this environment set the stage for population packing and territoriality. In this presentation, strontium isotope ratios from the Loma Sandia mortuary site (2800-2600 BP) are used to evaluate the emergence of territoriality among hunter-gatherer populations on the Texas Coastal Plain. Assessing territoriality with human strontium data is facilitated by determining the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samantha Gibson. Kylie Palmer. Sasha Linsin Wohlpart. Michael Savarese. Karen Walker.

The Horseshoe Keys are an extensive oyster reef ecosystem within manageable paddling distance from Mound Key, Estero Bay, Southwest Florida, the site of the Calusa’s political center beginning ~AD950. The Calusa thrived in this bay, partially due to the natural resources available, including these oyster reefs. Sediment cores from this region show a rich history of reef development dating to ~2200 yBP. The reefs exhibit an ecological succession shifting from a vermetiform gastropod community to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jason Nesbitt.

This presentation will discuss the results of recent archaeological research at the late Initial Period (ca. 1100–800 B.C.) site of Canchas Uckro. Located in the Puccha Valley, Canchas Uckro is positioned approximately 25 km to the north of Chavín de Huántar and 40 km from the upper Marañon river. Analysis of the pottery assemblage from Canchas Uckro suggest strong parallels with the Urabarriu Phase of Chavín de Huántar. However, a considerable proportion of the pottery also exhibits formal and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tricia Owlett. Yu Itahashi. Minoru Yoneda. Leo Aoi Hosoya. Sun Zhouyong.

The late Neolithic to early Bronze Age period (ca. 2800 BC–1900 BC) in the Ordos Region, Northern China was a transitional period, that included the adoption of agro-pastoralism, as well as increasing sociopolitical complexity. Subsistence economies were shaped by a variety of strategies that included a mixed agro- pastoral system focused on millet cultivation and herding of caprines and cattle, with limited contributions from hunting and gathering of wild plants. Here in this study we report...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Edward Knell.

The Late Paleoindian Cody complex component at Lamb Spring, Colorado was recently reanalyzed. While best known for its possible association with Late Pleistocene fauna, the Lamb Spring Cody component with its nearly 2,000 bison bones, seven Eden projectile points, Cody knife fragment, and two flakes has largely been overlooked and incompletely described in the literature (excepting McCartney’s study of the bison bones). To remedy the situation I: (1) use prior publications, reports and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Moretti. Eileen Johnson.

Kincaid Rockshelter (41UV2) is a stratified, multi-component archaeological site spanning the late Pleistocene-Holocene in Uvalde County along the Sabinal River in south-central Texas. Texas Memorial Museum investigations in 1948 produced a small but relatively diverse sample of late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) vertebrates from the lacustrine Zone 3 depositional unit. Zone 3 material was examined as part of a review of American lion (Panthera leo atrox) remains from Texas. New qualitative and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Greg Maggard. Kary Stackelbeck.

Although specific examples are rare, the concept of seasonal or periodic group aggregation is often employed by studies of early foragers in the Americas as a functional process to explain the formation of social networks, information exchange, group ritual, exogamy, and the long-distance movement of materials. In spite of frequent use when modeling mobility and settlement, the material, spatial, and social characteristics of aggregation sites remain poorly understood. Here, we provide two...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Roos. William Hockaday.

Through his meticulous work on stratified and buried soils, Vance Holliday has transformed our understanding of Paleoindian environments in the lowlands of the Southwest and Great Plains. Inspired by Vance’s example, we have used a geoarchaeological approach to explore Paleoindian visitation and use of highland environments. Paleoindians have been visiting the Jemez Mountains for obsidian since at least the Folsom period. However, direct archaeological evidence of their presence in and use of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katelyn Mohr.

In the Great Basin, most substantial Paleoindian sites are found on landforms associated with extinct lakes and wetlands, suggesting that early groups had a special affinity for lacustrine settings. The Lahontan Basin of western Nevada contains a rich record of Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene (TP/EH) lake-level fluctuation and an extensive record of Paleoindian occupation. In 2008, Ken Adams and colleagues compared the relationship between site location and lakeshores of known ages using...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anthony Morales.

The Rose Valley site (CA-INY-1799) has considerable potential for providing a deeper understanding of Paleo-Indian adaptations in the Far West. For over 40 years, archaeologists have observed artifacts on the surface of the Rose Valley Site that suggest the presence of a terminal Pleistocene-early Holocene component. Recent analyses of existing collections by other researchers have revealed Paleoindian artifacts such as Clovis/Great Basin Concave Base points, Great Basin stemmed points,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christina Sampson.

In the past, as in the present, political-economic relationships occur at multiple social scales: for instance, we recognize regional relationships of dominance or tribute, degrees of dependence or rivalry between trading partner communities, and patterns of collaboration or competition between neighboring households. Enduring inequalities may become established at any of these levels at different times. This paper will discuss the local organization of residential communities in the context of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bob Benfer.

Here I report the use of multiple imagery for understanding the coastal valley site studied most intensively, El Paraíso. Photographs of carved bone figures, plane table maps, Total Station maps, kite orthophoto maps, aerial photos, Google Earth satellite maps, and planetarium maps provide images that, taken together, permit identification of the effigies. Identities of both arms of the El Paraíso complex can be recognized: One is a bird. The other resembles the three mythical figures Bischof...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Brown. Mark Willis. Chester Walker.

Remote sensing, including both low level aerial photography and subsurface geophysical methods, has become an increasingly key element in archaeological fieldwork over the last few decades. During that time, our team has used various techniques to accurately map late prehistoric Ecuadorian sites and to search for buried features. In the last two years we have used drone aerial photography, ground penetrating radar, and magnetometry to aid in investigations at the monumental site of Cochasquí....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kerry Nichols.

The introduction of the bow and arrow into prehistoric Missouri during the Late Woodland Period possibly changed the Middle Woodland social dynamic and settlement pattern arrangement such that there was a major increase in social cooperation between settlements tied closely to defensive settlement strategies. Small villages faced the possibility of effective, long-range attacks that could potentially lead to the quick application of overwhelming force on unprepared villages. To address this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elsa Menéndez. Damien Marken. Keith Eppich.

Recent archaeology at the Classic Maya city of El Perú-Waka’ has revealed a number of distinct communities making up the urban occupation. These communities possess their own cycles of settlement, florescence, and abandonment. Taken together, these cycles seem to show two distinct aspects that directly pertain to Classic Maya urbanism. One, it shows the urban landscape to be in a continuously changing state. The urban ruins encountered by researchers are the end product of centuries of such...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patricia Richards.

The 1987 Wisconsin Burial Site Preservation Statute (WisStats 157.70) serves as the basis for the protection of all burial sites in the State of Wisconsin and assures that all human burial sites be accorded equal treatment under the law regardless of age or affiliation. A burial site, under the law, refers to any place where human remains are buried and includes marked and unmarked cemeteries, Native American mounds, small family cemeteries, and other less obvious locations that are reported to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexandra Edwards. Robert Speakman. Alice Hunt. David Thomas. Anna Semon.

This study focuses on using analytical techniques, such as Multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) and X-ray Florescence (XRF), to determine lead isotope levels of bronze bells from the Spanish colonization era within South Carolina and New Mexico. These values are compared both against one another geographically and against ore isotopic data within regional and possible imported geographic regions. The goal is to both discern whether these bells are locally...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alyson Thibodeau. Allison Curley. Emily Kaplan. Ellen Howe.

Ritual drinking vessels called qeros have been produced in the Andes for millennia. In the colonial period, Andean artists produced wooden qeros, many of which were decorated using a polychrome inlay technique. Almost all extant polychromed wooden qeros attributed to the colonial period derive from museum and private collections and lack provenience and precise means of dating. Here, we investigate the chronology and production of qeros by characterizing lead white pigment (lead hydroxycarbonate...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jayne-Leigh Thomas. Larry Zimmerman. Felipe Estudillo Colon. Jeffrey Bendremer. Jennifer Meta Robinson.

Although the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) has existed for over a generation, educators and professionals continue to discuss the best ways to prepare learners for the complex and contextually specific process of repatriation. Every consultation and every repatriation differs, even when the same tribes and institutions are involved. Because of this, learners can benefit from seeing multiple examples of how NAGPRA is implemented and how different stakeholders...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steven Dorland. Daniel Kwan.

In Güner Coşkunsu’s The Archaeology of Childhood: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on an Archaeological Enigma, Kathryn Kamp has discussed the potential to conduct experimental archaeology to assess childhood practice. In this paper, we follow Kamp and propose the use of experimental studies to explore the relation between different social learning strategies and material interactions. We investigated the performances of youth participants making pottery. Three forms of social learning were...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephanie Martin.

The Least Cost Path analysis in ArcGIS has been a critical tool in archaeological reconstructions of movement and connectivity, but until recently these analyses have been limited to land travel. From the Neolithic onwards, sea travel was an equally important mode of transportation in the Aegean and wider Mediterranean. In this study, I utilized the Least Cost Path tool in ArcGIS to model sea travel in the Aegean. Bathymetric data and speed and direction of local wind and currents were inputs in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Ingraham. Sky Heller. Brian Robinson. Kristin Sobolik.

Archaeological investigations at Holmes Point West (Maine site 62-8) on the eastern Maine coast have yielded potential indicators of cultural treatment of seal remains that vary between two primary species: harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) and gray seal (Halichoerus grypus). Analyses of these patterns required development of element-specific speciation factors for best represented elements for each species, the temporal bone of the skull, including the auditory bulla and mastoid process. Holmes...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jay Haviser.

Incipient aspects of syncretic processes among Africans and Europeans had begun on the African continent from the fifteenth century, with a particular reference noted for religious practices. Considering the relatively isolated participation of the two groups within the early interactive sphere of West Africa, as well as the in-situ contexts of the African cultures, some syncretical expressions were evident, yet due to the disproportional ratio of populations, were more subtle on the continent....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren Kohut.

During the Late Intermediate Period (AD 1000–1450), frequent warfare radically transformed the landscape of the Colca Valley in the southern Peruvian highlands. Widespread fortification not only marked a new defensive landscape, but also reflected and reinforced broader social and political transformations—including increasing settlement nucleation and the coalescence of new ethnic identities. Although many of the valley's fortifications were largely abandoned following the region's...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kyle Olson.

After the passage of the Iranian Antiquities Law of 1930, the Gorgan Plain in northeastern Iran was seen as one of the most promising regions in the Old World for archaeological research. Despite decades of pioneering field and laboratory research, northeastern Iran still lacks a regionally integrated ceramic chronology for significant stretches of its archaeological history, particularly the 3rd millennium BCE. While individual sequences from important sites such as Tureng Tepe and Shah Tepe...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Monica Barnes. Sumru Aricanli.

This paper will discuss the chain of Andeanists that began with Adolphe Bandelier in the late 19th century and continued into the 20th century with Charles W. Mead, Ronald Olson, Wendell C. Bennett, Junius B. Bird, Harry and Marian Tschopik, James A. Ford, John Hyslop, and E. Craig Morris and continues to the present with various fellows and research associates. Although not formally affiliated with the AMNH, John V. Murra is a link in this chain because of his personal and theoretical influence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bruce Bradley.

Learning to be an archaeologist is a craft that comes in many forms from formal academic training, field and lab work, to informal unstructured experiences. These become known through academic degrees, peer reviewed publications, project reports, conference presentations and interactions with peers, colleagues, the public and even the media. Formal training is listed in detail in personal vitae and may be measured and judged by the outputs but how we do archaeology as individuals is also the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Rose.

Ancient Egypt is characterized as a highly centralized and dominating state. However, following the disintegration of the New Kingdom in the 11th century BC, division of state and conquests by foreign rulers ushered in a period of economic decline and political instability. The fracturing of dominion continued until the 8th century BC, when the Nubian kingdom of Kush unified Upper and Lower Egypt into the geographically largest empire since the New Kingdom. The Nubian pharaohs began...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marie Kolbenstetter.

In 1966, Claude Baudez published a first attempt to compare ceramic typologies between different archeological areas of Honduras, published as Les niveaux céramiques au Honduras: une reconsidération de l'évolution culturelle (Baudez 1966). This article encompassed his research in the Gulf of Fonseca, where he spent a field season surveying and excavating sites in 1964-65. Fifty-three years later, this article still constitutes one of the most extensive descriptions of the ceramic assemblage of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy Gusick.

Migration is a fundamental aspect of humanity and archaeologists have long been interested in studies of human mobility. Some archaeologists have taken a historical ecological approach to understanding human movement and how a deep history can inform on mobility in contemporary society. By leveraging knowledge from a variety of disciplines, these archaeologists have made great strides in our understanding of past human movement as it relates to postglacial human dispersals and climate change, a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Slaughter. Lauren E. Jelinek.

The federal government examines, funds, and constructs a wide variety of projects ranging in size from very the small to those that cover multiple states. At any given time both the federal and tribal governments are working on multiple projects of different scales simultaneously. This can create challenges when engaging in consultation, both in the establishment of the appropriate level of consultation and in and the maintenance of those relationships. Establishing productive collaborative...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Ledford.

The eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris) is a well documented resource for Native Americans in the Southeastern United States. Recent research suggests that turkeys may have been managed by Mississippian period people in Middle Tennessee as opposed to being hunted solely in the wild. These conclusions are based on a combination of ethnographic sources, osteometric data, and other non-osseous evidence. As a part of my thesis, I extracted collagen from 12 prehistoric turkey...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Todd Koetje.

In addition to other sites in the middle Salish Sea, Western Washington University field schools have conducted several years of test excavation at 45WH55, resulting in an extensive collection from several spatially distinct areas of the site. Leukoma seasonality and maturity from samples in each area are used to address questions of site integrity and season of occupation. Comparable data from other sites in the region allows preliminary assessment of larger scale movement and seasonality...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn Ranhorn. David R. Braun. Francys Subiaul. Alison Brooks.

The ability to transmit cultural information with high-fidelity across generations is a defining trait of modern humans. It is unclear, however, how and when this adaptation emerged in the human lineage. The earliest forms of human technology—stone artifacts—required knappers to understand raw material mechanics, as well as geometry (volume reduction, angles), and physics. Thus, it is often assumed that the spread of lithic technologies involved some degree of information transmission. However,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katharine Davis.

In the latter part of the Middle Horizon (A.D. 800-1000) previously unoccupied areas around the megalithic ceremonial core of Tiwanaku came under settlement. A reorganization of space within the core coupled with the influx of new urban residents drawn to the site of Tiwanaku from the surrounding areas by the variety of social, economic, and ritual interactional opportunities meant that newly built households and neighborhoods further away from the monuments became the loci of quotidian...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Cerezo-Román. Kenichiro Tsukamoto.

During the Late Classic period (A.D. 600-800), Maya non-royal elites frequently appeared in courtly scenes, which are depicted on polychrome vessels and carved monuments. While epigraphic studies over the last two decades have gradually shed light on their political and ritual roles, little is known about their life histories and mortuary practices. One group of these elites held the title of lakam, which has been reported only at three archaeological sites. We detected tangible evidence of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only April Nowell.

The Gravettian (ca. 28,000-21,000 BP), has been referred to as the "Golden Age" of the European Upper Paleolithic. Innovations in technology, increased sedentism and the development of larger regional centers, the oldest known ceramics, some of the earliest evidence for loom-woven textiles, and the emergence of so-called "Venus" figurines all characteristic of this period. The Gravettian is also well known for its often spectacular single, double and triple burials of sub-adults including...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Kennedy.

Mineral mining was a critical driver of the Peruvian economy during the early colonial period (AD 1550 – 1700). Peru's mineral wealth was used to fund the Spanish empire's geopolitical domination, often at the expense of indigenous Peruvians. Many were forced to labor in distant mines and work camps, decimating local communities. The south-central highlands of Peru were an especially rich area for mineral exploitation and mines, work camps, and processing mills have been identified throughout...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sheila Savage. Scott Hammerstedt. Amanda Regnier.

Beginning around 1100 CE, residents of the eastern Oklahoma Arkansas River drainage built mounds, shared elaborate mortuary rituals, and on some level participated in a maize-based agricultural system. These aspects of the broader Mississippian pattern were centered at Spiro Mounds. Beginning in 1300 CE, people began abandoning the mound sites on the margins of the Southern Plains. As climate conditions worsened in the fifteenth century, the residents of the Arkansas drainage adopted Plains...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leslie Perkins. Travis Stanton.

The use of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) in Mesoamerican archaeological research been steadily increasing. Building on this knowledge, LiDAR was conducted during the summer of 2017 over a 6km2 area of the prehispanic site of San Gervasio, Isla Cozumel, Quintana Roo, Yucatan, Mexico. This was part of a larger survey and mapping project conducted by the Proyecto de Interacción Política del Centro de Yucatán (PIPCY) spearheaded by Dr. Travis Stanton. The proposed poster will discuss LiDAR...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily Anderson.

This paper investigates how parallels were drawn between lions and human in Bronze Age Crete, and how this parallelism potentially developed concurrently through material culture worn on the human body and oral narrative. I argue that the unique qualities of seal stones, namely their close association with human identity and their physical location on the human body, positioned them to be potent venues for asserting parallels between man and beast. I begin in the late Early Bronze Age, with a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Small.

The limited territorial control of small states, here the Classic Maya, has hindered the development of political economies in several cases. This paper looks at the issue of non-ruling elite interstate economic and political networks, and their effect on the evolution of internal political economies for the Classic Maya. Examples will be drawn from such polities as Copan, El Palmar, and Caracol. A further window into the dynamics of the effect of limited territorial control on political...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Margaret Jodry.

A wealth of mentors, colleagues, and friends influence the evolution of one’s approach to archaeological research. This paper reflects on Dennis Stanford’s associations with native people beginning with his graduate student days involved in audio recording American Indian Oral Histories for the Doris Duke Foundation, including learning from Santa Ana Pueblo Cacique Porfirio Montoya and his wife Eudora Montoya, assisting with land claims for the return of Sacred Blue Lake to the people of Taos...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Leslie. Sarah Sportman.

Site 21-85 is a large, multi-component site, with Archaic and Woodland period remnants, located adjacent to the Hollenbeck River, a major tributary of the Housatonic River, and Robbins Swamp, the largest freshwater swamp in Connecticut. The location of Site 21-85 would have afforded past peoples access to the fauna and flora associated with Robbins Swamp, travel routes north and south through the Housatonic River Valley, and fresh water from the adjacent Hollenbeck River. The site is also...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Heffter.

During the past two decades Paleolithic research in Serbia has rapidly expanded with numerous cave sites currently under excavation. However, this focus on caves in largely upland terrain may create a biased understanding of the Paleolithic record. Typically, open-air sites are integrated into research projects to correct for this bias. Unfortunately, Serbia has very few open-air sites, requiring us to use other sources of evidence as proxies for understanding the Paleolithic record in lowland...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alejandra Roche Recinos. Javier Estrada.

Analysis of the production of imported lithic artifacts, especially obsidian and jade, has been important to recent research on the economic organization of the lowland Maya. However, the data for lithic production has come from a few key sites with clear evidence of workshops devoted to the working of such materials. Less attention has been dedicated to the diversity of obsidian and jade working within individual sites, much less across a given kingdom. This paper presents preliminary evidence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jim Railey.

Several recent excavation projects by SWCA in far southeastern New Mexico have produced an immense dataset on lithic artifacts from 20 sites. This includes attribute data from thousands of individually analyzed lithic artifacts, mostly debitage. The excavated sites collectively cover a large swath across the region, and as such encompass appreciable variation in terms of local raw material conditions, as well as temporal affiliation and site function. Statistical analysis of the dataset was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dean Blumenfeld.

This study examines the flaked stone economy at the Epiclassic site of Los Mogotes, located north of the Basin of Mexico in central Mexico. We quantified obsidian and chert artifacts based on form and material in order to examine the nature of the lithic economy during this time. The findings suggest that the inhabitants of Los Mogotes were not primary producers of obsidian tools but were dependent on long-distance exchange for already manufactured goods. Despite being closer to high quality...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Angela Gore.

Investigating prehistoric landscape use is significant in answering questions about the adaptive strategies and behaviors of prehistoric Beringians. How can we define the lithic landscape? How did humans provision themselves in eastern Beringia, and how did these provisioning behaviors change through time? Toolstone procurement and selection behaviors influence toolkits, mobility, and settlement strategies; therefore, they are important in explaining prehistoric behavioral adaptation and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kaoru Akoshima.

The paper investigates some fundamental aspects of use-wear of lithic artifacts, concerning the relations between function and morphology. During the course of micro-wear research since the 1960s, it was often questioned whether tool typologies actually reflects their functions, or which morphological attributes are diagnostic of their utilization. Case studies in the Upper Paleolithic of East Asia also revealed variability in end-scrapers whose functions seem to be relatively consistent as hide...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin Pargeter. Marika Low.

Lithic miniaturization, the systematic production of small stone artifacts by controlled fracture, was a pervasive feature of late Pleistocene lithic technology. Smaller toolkits enabled humans to exploit raw materials more efficiently, to produce composite tools more effectively, to reduce a wider range of rocks, and to increase mobility by lightening toolkits. These benefits allowed humans to occupy a wider range of ecological niches. Archaeologists working in southern Africa have long...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lynn Fisher. Susan Harris. Corina Knipper. Rainer Schreg.

The intensity of extraction activities at Neolithic quarries and mines in Central Europe has fueled debate about the scale and organization of chert and flint extraction and exchange during this period. However, most studies of stone consumption and exchange in the region have been based on lowland settlement assemblages at some distance from stone sources. This paper presents results of a regional project combining survey, remote sensing, analysis of private collections, and test excavation to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Rosa Iovino. Salvatore Chilardi. Güner Coskunsu. Anita Crispino. Giuseppe Sabatino.

The geological constitution of Sicily is enough complex as the characteristics of the geological units are consequences of the tectonic compression that happened between the beginning of Miocene and the beginning of the Pliocene. Three structural units are basically distinguished: 1. To the north, in the western side (towards Palermo) there is prevalence of carbonatic reliefs while in the oriental side (Nebrodi Mounts and Peloritani Mounts) there are metamorphic and terrigenous deposits 2. the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily Hull. Nathan Goodale. Alissa Nauman. Colin Quinn.

Utilitarian stone tools produced from raw materials that are linked to a place or landscape of significant social, ritual, and economic importance likely still carry that importance when tools are transported away from their source. Such objects can serve as indices of social relationships, economic priorities, and ritual practices. By transporting and using these objects, communities would have daily reminders of their connections to important places and activities that take place there....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gilliane Monnier.

Lithic residue analyses have produced exciting results in recent years: microscopic bits of plant and animal tissue adhering to stone tools tens of thousands of years old; the remains of hafting materials such as bitumen and birch-bark pitch; and fiber technology from the Paleolithic, to mention but a few. Yet, for many archaeologists these results seem ‘too good to be true’. How can biological materials be preserved for thousands of years in temperate environments? How can they appear, under...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Seeley. Jonathan Reeves. Matthew Douglas. David R. Braun.

Surface assemblages play an important role in understanding human behavior. However, modern erosional processes—specifically flowing water—can limit the behavioral inferences that can be gained from surface assemblages by transporting materials from their original discard sites. The influence of these processes can be observed in the size distribution and condition of surface lithic assemblages. The topography and geomorphology of the landscape heavily dictates the degree to which fluvial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timothy Dennehy. Christopher Merriman. Keith M. Prufer.

How do subsistence-related changes impact lithic technology over the course of thousands of years? Three stratified rockshelters in Belize contain evidence of Paleoindian through Classic Maya period occupations. This span of time witnessed the initial hunting and gathering subsistence economy of the Paleoindian period, the introduction of horticulture and increasing reliance on cultivars in the Early Archaic, and the emergence of full-scale agriculture in the Late Archaic. Explaining variations...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stance Hurst. Ricardo Chacon. Eileen Johnson. Doug Cunningham.

Prehistoric flintknappers world-wide typically used heat-treatment to improve the flakeability of lithic materials after initial reduction into smaller-sized packages. In contrast, along the eastern escarpment of the Southern High Plains of Northwest Texas, Late Archaic-age (4,500-2,000 rcyBP) flintknappers used heat-treatment to improve large quartzarenite clasts prior to initial clast reduction. Heat-treatment in this case was used as part of procurement at quarry gravel source locations....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anais Levin. John Walden. Jaime Awe.

The use and production of lithic tools offers an avenue into the behavior and activities conducted in ancient residential and ritual contexts. We explore variability in the lithic assemblages of various contexts in the ancient Maya neighborhood of Tutu Uitz Na in the Late-Terminal Classic period (AD 700-900). Tutu Uitz Na is one of several neighborhoods surrounding the Lower Dover political center in the Belize River Valley. Variation in household lithic assemblages might vary based on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Felicia De Pena.

Flintknappers during the Levantine Epipaleolithic were proficient at microlith production, these skills were learned and passed down from one flintknapping generation to another as no one is born with the innate ability to flintknap. By utilizing practice theory and a chaîne opératoire approach to the Epipaleolithic chipped stone tool reduction sequences of narrow-nosed cores at Kharaneh IV, I strive to identify how individuals learned to flintknap, from raw material acquisition to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn Harris.

The people of the Columbia Plateau have been frequently characterized as a homogenous culture despite a 3,000-year depth of history and large spatial extent. Moreover, differences in artifact form, assemblage composition, and household features belie this characterization. The changing natural and social environment can be detected in modifications in cultural technology, and relationships among distinct groups can be inferred. The research presented here tracks these changes. By using concepts...