DoD Legacy Resource Management Program Collection

This project resulted in the 2006 DoD Cultural Resources Workshop.

The 2008 DoD Historic Buildings Conference focused specifically on historic buildings and structures, based on DoD mission needs and feedback from the greater DoD cultural resource community.

This project investigated problem areas associated with repair or in-kind replacement of exterior materials and addresses possible suitable substitute materials.

The project created a visual guide to steel and corrugated wire windows and glass block, providing construction methods and contexts of popular use. The guide is intended to assist in the research, interpretation, and possible future mitigation

This report describes the authors' efforts to assist Cultural Resource Managers in evaluating damage and taking proactive measures to prevent damage to Traditional Cultural Properties in wildfire events. During a 2007 collaborative symposium, it was determined what procedures to incorporate prior to, during, and after a wildland fire event.

This report on a demonstration project identifies and documents historic buildings on Hollman AFB-administered lands, with a focus on properties constructed during WWII and a number of unique facilities associated with early Cold War missile development.

The objectives of this study were to: identify common circumstances in which Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 4-010-01 undertakings for minimum antiterrorism (AT) standards for DoD building will conflict with the requirements of the NHPA, and; develop specific guidelines that will help installation command, AT, cultural resources, and facilities personnel to rapidly resolve those conflicts in a way that satisfies both sets of requirements.

This project developed guidance on how to slow the growth in volume of materials requiring long-term curation and allow for future efficient management of collections of undetermined, little or no research potential. Guidance is given to relate collection management plans to associated project research designs. These guidelines should be distributed to DoD cultural resources subject matter experts and cultural resources managers for implementation. The best practices presented would be...

This project resulted in curation needs assessments of western U.S. Department of Defense military installations.

This guidance document for archaeological collections management and curation for Department of Defense Service installations gives an overview of current collection management policies and procedures and presents best practices in each area of curation. The recommended policies and practices are designed to minimize costs while maximizing the research, education, and cultural heritage value of Federal collections in accordance with 36 CFR Part 79, Curation of Federally Owned and Administered...

This document reports on a survey of archaeological collections and associated documentation generated from archaeological investigations conducted within the boundaries of 18 military installations located in Idaho, Maryland, Montana, Virginia, and Wyoming. The study found that most collections require at least partial rehabilitation to comply with 36 CFR Part 79, Curation of Federally-Owned and Administered Archaeological Collections.

This document reports on a curation needs assessment conducted 1997-2000 for the Army National Guard and select Air National Guard, Air Force Plants, and Air and Army Reserve facilities in Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Guam. Hawaii, Kansas, Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

This document reports an assessment of archaeological collections and associated documentation generated from archaeological investigations conducted within the boundaries of LANTDIV (North Carolina, Puerto Rico, Virginia, and West Virginia). Most collections required at least partial rehabilitation to comply with federal regulations.

This assessment reviewed all active military installations in Alaska, Colorado, Hawaii, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, and the District of Columbia (86 facilities, including research firms, public and private museums, military installations, university lab/curation facilities, and government agencies). The document presents recommendations for compliance with 36 CFR Part 79.

This report presents a discussion of the diving operations, artifact recovery, and imaging of the CSS Alabama conducted in French waters in 2002. Efforts were hampered by technical and weather difficulties.

This report discusses a 3-year remote sensing survey off the Normandy coast to obtain additional information on U.S. naval losses during Operation Neptune. The Navy History Center will use this data to create a cultural resources management planning document and gain future research baseline data to evaluate site significance.

This project resulted in various studies of archaeology and bioarchaeology throughout the United States.

This project chronicles the evolution of military architectural styles and provides guidance for their identification.

This project created guidance on the use of Criterion B eligibility under the NRHP including methods for identification of properties that may be listed under Criterion B, and guidelines to assess a property's significance under Criterion B through a written history. A case study from Marine Corps Base Quantico, management recommendations, and five principles to guide mitigation measures for adverse effects to properties eligible under Criterion B are included.

This project reviews the validity of the assumptions made when, for the sake of conserving funding and curation space, in-field artifact analysis is used over lab analysis of artifacts in western states. Because test results showed that in-field and digital photo analyses of artifacts are of low accuracy and often inadequate for site interpretation, a set of recommendations is made for deciding how and in what situations field analysis is best applied.

This pilot study explores issues involved in the quality of archaeological data used by the Department of Defense to comply with Federal statutes and regulations. The goal was to determine the potential value and benefit of establishing key quality indicators for archaeological data by examining the statistical implications of current approaches to finding and defining archaeological sites and the effects of these approaches on data quality.

This report describes excavations over three seasons at Beartail Rockshelter at Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, including the natural and cultural history of the region with an emphasis on the late Pleistocene and early Holocene environmental and cultural setting for the area; a review and discussion of the material remains recovered from the excavations; discussion of several special analyses including palynological study, radiocarbon dating, and geomorphological analysis of site sediments; and...

This document contains recommended best practices for the identification, evaluation, and management of natural resources important to tribes that are located on DoD lands. The afterword is a case study from the tribal perspective, Nellis Air Force Base Indian Program

This report examines the history and development of the U.S. Army Reserve by telling the story of the Army Reserve through the buildings and facilities associated with training activities at Army Reserve Centers throughout the nation.

This study examines the history and evolution of the built environment of Cold War era servicewomen to provide a historic context for use in identifying and evaluating aspects of historic buildings, landscapes, and properties associated with Cold War Era servicewomen that may be eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.

This document is a study of an African American community established in the Virginia Tidewater after the Civil War on land that is now the Yorktown Naval Weapons Station, 1865-1919. This study of the "Emancipation" period discusses how African Americans adjusted to and lived with their new freedom (economic and social development, family life, education, religion, and interracial relations).

This document is an agency-wide DoD framework for evaluating Cold War properties by reviewing methods used in 11 completed interservice Cold War building and structure evaluations.

The report describes projects to survey, document, and preserve Cold War resources and provides a general typology of Cold War resources.

This workbook is intended for use by installation personnel with limited personnel for archaeological collection care but who have responsibilities for the long-term care of these collections. This document is intended as an easy-to-understand "roadmap" on installation responsibilities under the law and procedures for curating archaeological collections.

This report describes work performed in 2005 to assess corrosion of the submarine's hull, which led to the expansion of the H.L. Hunley's cathodic protection system to the interior of the submarine's ballast tanks. A significant number of complex and fragile artifacts associated with the Hunley were conserved.

Naval Air Weapons Station (NAWS) China Lake lacks a strong historic context, making difficult the stewardship, Determinations of Eligibility for the National Register, and management of cultural resources, as required by Section 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act. This project's report is a multi-disciplinary, multi-agency study identifying current data gaps and systematizing data collection to facilitate developing and tailoring future research designs for early site management.

The Cultural Resources Management (CRM) Guide to the Engineer’s Energy Toolkit was prepared to provide CRMs with the tools to answer preservation challenges he/she may encounter in meeting preservation needs and installation goals when dealing with upgrading a building’s energy efficiency.

This project provides practical information to professionals who are new to the world of DoD Cultural Resources Management, creative ideas to experienced colleagues, and also to members of garrison leadership who may not be familiar with what they should and can expect from a cultural resources program that understands the relationship between stewardship and mission requirements.

This project highlights two objectives: (1) to research and develop new job descriptions for architectural historian, cultural resources manager (CRM), and historic preservationist technician/specialist, and (2) to review the Office of Personnel Management’s (OPM) current job classifications for architectural historians, historic preservationists, and CRMs and then present a plan to improve the hiring process for those positions by recommending changes and additions to job classifications.

This project created a guide that collects existing standards, guidance, and best practices on cultural resources interpretation and public outreach and examples of interpretation and public outreach projects. This project developed an evaluation rubric for comparing effectiveness of diverse project types and used that data to develop a source book of best examples and guidance to help DoD components and installations to develop their own creative cultural resources interpretation and public...

This project developed training for individuals who may encounter cultural resources while conducting military operations.

Department of Defense archaeological collections generally have not been curated to the standards required by 36 CFR Part 79. This report, based on a study in the eastern United States, identified potential partners, evaluated their capabilities to manage DoD archaeological collections, and collected baseline administrative information associated with such a project.

This project offers guidance for regulatory compliance related to rock art sites, which are different from "dirt" sites, through among other items, an overview of site documentation and treatment approaches; discussion of eligibility determinations; historical context for rock art sites in all 50 states; and the current status of Department of Defense rock art site management.

This report describes the authors efforts to 1) determine the nature and severity of site protection problems within the Mojave Desert, 2) examine successful site protection programs within the United States, 3) examine the data collected in the first two goals, and 4) summarize the finding and make recommendations regarding the feasibility of developing a regional site protection plan for the Mojave Desert.

This document provides assistance to installation-level staff who are not trained in historic architecture by providing a better understanding of why it is important to preserve the resources, what they are, the vocabulary to describe the resources, and how to interpret the Secretary of the Interior's Standards to appropriately manage the resources. The guidelines provide sound guidance and necessary tools for individuals to facilitate the Section 106 review process of the National Historic...

This project provides guidelines intended to facilitate the planning of rehabilitation projects that will result in improved energy efficiency in historic buildings operated by the Department of Defense (DoD) and help the DoD meet historic preservation and energy savings design goals.

Monitoring the condition of archaeological sites is required under Section 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act, Article 15 of the Archaeological Resources Protection Act, and Executive Order 13287; however, this responsibility is often overlooked in favor of funding the identification and evaluation of archaeological resources. This project presents best management practices to ensure consistent data collection and to aid in prioritizing future site treatment actions, and tools to...

This report proposes a minimum set of Cultural Resources Business Data Standards for use in DoD cultural resources management programs. These draft standards represent the minimum set of data and associated attributes that DoD is recommended to collect and maintain in order to support its cultural resources management program. The standards were developed by assessing the current state of cultural resources data collection and management processes in the DoD and identifying all of the data...

This project prepared an assessment of current DoD cultural resources data and data management practices with recommendations for incorporating existing DoD cultural resources data into newly developed data standards developed for the Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE), and for DoD cultural resources spatial and associated business data.

This project sponsored a symposium at the Archaeology in Conflict World Archaeology Congress Inter-Congress and to produce a summary document based on the papers presented that reflects the status of military cultural property protection education and planning worldwide. learned

This report provides a DoD-wide context and history of installation hospitals, covering the development of military hospitals from the Revolutionary War to present.

This report presents technical information to incorporate sustainable design principles into historic buildings owned by the Department of Defense (DoD). The study follows the U.S. Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design rating system for Existing Buildings (LEED-EB), Version 2.0, June 2005, and provides specific discussion and strategies relevant both to historic preservation and sustainable design and development.

This project reviews the current DoD energy efficiency requirements using current building materials, while assessing specific building concerns associated with this unique climate and seeking potential replacements for current building materials with the hopes of increasing the longevity and use of historic structures.

In response to DoD's need for efficient access to archaeological data from past investigations, this project was undertaken as a test case to evaluate whether and how an online repository for digital archaeological and cultural resource management (CRM) data could be developed and managed by the Center for Digital Antiquity to fulfill this need.

The galley Congress was one of five vessels burned in Arnold Bay, Panton, Vermont, in 1776 by Benedict Arnold to prevent their capture by the British. This report of a 2001 inspection of the remains of the Congress discusses the documentation and measurement of scattered parts of the boat and records observations regarding the stability of the site, including the presence of zebra mussels.

This report includes discussions of rock art recording and analysis, and the archaeological test excavations in two small rockshelters on the Fort Huachuca military reservation. The area was occupied on repeated occasions (not permanently) as a temporary camp used while exploiting mammals and possibly wild plant foods during the 13th century.

This report offers guidance documents and decision support tools to help cultural resource managers (CRMs) and field practitioners make effective use of geophysical techniques. The ATAGS (Automated Tool for Archaeo-Geophysical Survey) software tool, which allows the user to develop an effective survey design for a geophysical survey at a particular site, is described.

This report includes an evaluation of the existing foundation conditions, a limited masonry strength evaluation, and general guidelines to assist in preparing a stabilization plan for structures at Fort Sam Houston.

This historic context focuses on the iterative transformations of the landscapes of Vernon Parish and Fort Polk, which influenced the region's settlement, culture, wealth, poverty, and industry.

This project tested the effectiveness of Historic Human Remains Detection (HHRD) dogs and comparing HHRD dog results against geophysical survey results at multiple, unmarked, burial sites.

This reference provides biographical and historical information concerning A/E firms and associated principal architects and engineers. The document identifies military buildings designed by these firms and provides greater contextual understanding of A/E firms and military architecture in the Cold War era.

This project focused on the ongoing forensic research of the vessel's crew, interment of the remains, completion of the excavation of the submarine's interior, and the documentation of artifacts recovered during the excavation. The objective of the year's work was to gather data sufficient to answer critical questions about the H.L. Hunley crewmen and what happened to them and their vessel.

This report discusses the survey operations conducted over the area using nondestructive remote sensing instrumentation, excavation procedures, analyses of cultural materials recovered or observed in situ and the associated contextual environment. It also presents the rationale for recommended site-treatment options.

This project created a guide for evaluating and/or managing military buildings constructed from 1950-1975. The report includes National Register eligibility guidance for evaluating military buildings associated with architectural Modernism (Criterion C only) and guidance on physical features and materials that are important in the various Modernist architectural movements.

This report synthesizes archaeological data from nineteenth and early twentieth-century sites that have been identified and/or studied in the Coastal Plain of Virginia. The document focuses on the Antebellum (1830-1860) and Postbellum (also known as Reconstruction and Growth) eras (1865-1917) because the associated sites are frequently difficult to evaluate since the significant research issues that are applicable have not been well-defined.

This report describes the African American experience in military service from colonial times to the Korean War, focusing on segregated units and sites on DoD lands. This is a nationwide report covering an extensive timeframe, centering on the time period from 1783, following the American Revolution, to 1954, when troops were integrated.

This context is the first effort at evaluating a WWII period building at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, for nomination to the National Register. The building was used as the Black Officers' Club in the time before integration of the forces. The document includes an appendix discussion of German POW stonework at Fort Leonard Wood.

This document contains an overview of military housing including references to national trends in military housing; a statement of significance; history; landscape features description; and types, floor plans, materials, details, and character-defining features.

This report provides a streamlined, comprehensive approach to the inventory and evaluation of WWII POW camps and features on DoD installations.

This historic context of West Point emphasizes changes in its landscape and identifies the different stages of landscape change as defined by military mission and historical process, enabling the establishment of accurate historic district boundaries. The document provides guidance on the development of a historic landscape management plan.

This Historic Preservation Plan was prepared for use by the Commanding Officer and staff of the Kahuku Training Area to help guide and advise on responsibilities and to assist with the protection, preservation, and enhancement of the prehistoric and historic resources under their jurisdiction.

This architectural history and context of aviation and hangar development in the Reserve and National Guard provides a framework that the National Guard and Reserves can use in the National Register eligibility determination process.

This project created a historic context for the naval stores industry on the coastal plains of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida that provides guidance for identifying the archaeological signature of naval stores sites and a means of assessment that can be used in making recommendations under Sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) for eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places. The document also suggests program alternatives or standard treatments...

Forts Amador and Grant were constructed to guard the Pacific entrance to the Panama Canal, which reverted to the Republic of Panama at the end of 1999, concluding a unique period in both countries' histories. The forts remain as a physical legacy of the U.S. contribution to the cultural heritage of Panama.

This project showcases the wealth of historic, adaptively reused military architecture on closed DoD installations. This project is necessary from a regulatory standpoint. The DoD is a Federal agency and is responsible for the stewardship of historic properties under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. As part of the Section 106 process, DoD cultural resources managers need to determine a variety of potential paths for their historic building inventory. Adaptive reuse is one of...

This project resulted in various training products produced by the Center for Environmental Management of Military Lands (CEMML), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, and the Cultural Resources Management Program at Fort Drum, NY, between 2005-2010, for purposes of raising awareness among U.S. military personnel and DoD contractors in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Egypt of the importance and value of preserving and protecting cultural property.

This project developed the statistical treatments and computational capacity required to analyze data collected with a variety of remote sensing devices in order to detect environmental change associated with human activities; by this means, maps were produced that illustrated anthropogenic micro-environmental change by comparing environmental conditions at archaeological sites with conditions that exist in the surrounding landscape. The result is a decision support tool that offers substantial...

This project identified practical methods to measure impacts of military training activities on archaeological resources on DoD installations with the goal of sustaining these activities while complying with cultural resources stewardship responsibilities.

The purpose of the study was to identify factors useful for assessing potential damage to archaeological sites resulting from military vehicle training activities and determining acceptable thresholds for these activities, to assist the DoD in sustaining critical military training while complying with cultural resource stewardship responsibilities. The report specifically addresses soil compaction and examines physical evidence associated with vehicle ruts and the implications for artifact...

This document reports the activities undertaken during the 2000 investigation of the CSS Alabama, a Confederate commerce raider that sank in a channel off the Normandy Peninsula in 190 feet of water. The paper describes the work, including recovery of a cannon, use of underwater TV to record the exposed wreck structure, recovery of exposed artifacts, steps taken to package and send artifacts to Charleston, South Carolina, for conservation, collection of data for a video mosaic, recordation of...

This historic context study examines the role of the Air National Guard (ANG) in the Cold War effort. It provides an overview of military aviation and the establishment of the ANG, the Cold War, and then focuses on the missions and operations of the ANG during the years 1946-1989.

This doctoral dissertation discusses a study supporting the thesis that adverse paleoenvironmental conditions during the late Holocene appear to have notably influenced prehistoric cultural evolution in the Southern California Bight region. Radiocarbon dating confirmed changes in prehistoric settlement patterning, indicating a movement toward more reliable water sources, during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (AD 650-1250).

The project's primary focus was to acquire requisite data for understanding and characterizing the complex corrosion and deterioration processes affecting USS Arizona's hull. The information was then fed into a model to predict the nature and rate of structural changes resulting from corrosion in order to inform management actions.

This project reviewed DoD's 2006 Historic Real Property Inventory data, including the number and status of structures that are over 50 years old.

This document is intended to help Cultural Resources Managers (CRMs), architects, and engineers understand the existing green features of historic buildings and use those features optimally in adaptive reuse projects that are aimed at increasing energy efficiency and reaching sustainability goals.

This project provided the following benefits: (1) gathered pre-1945 facility-specific data to complement the originally collected Cold War data and provide the same level of information for all pre-1992 facilities at all four installations; (2) established a procedure for creating searchable electronic documents employable at any repository; (3) provided electronic copies of important national, regional, and local contexts and other important CRM documents for intended use by a wide DoD...

The Paleoindian Archaeology and Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Shorelines on Department of Defense (DoD) Installations project maps were developed to aid DoD cultural resource managers identifying potential locations of sites that might yield evidence of Paleomaritime or aquatic culture. This report describes the GIS techniques and datasets employed to generate the maps.

This guidebook and its accompanying materials describe historic sites important to American military heritage. Its accompanying military heritage maps highlight historic sites associated with the U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps, and U.S. Air Force.

This report develops a statewide and regional historic context for existing Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps installations in Georgia. This includes all Reserve Centers and National Guard units where applicable. The focus is mission and infrastructure oriented, with emphasis on the period from World War II (WWII) to the end of the Cold War.

This project resulted in historic contexts for U.S. Department of Defense military training lands.

The report describes the evolution, development, and use of military hush houses and test cells from WWII through the Cold War, documenting different kinds of noise-attenuating technology from propeller engine testing rigs to jet engine development and maintenance. It provides a context, methodology, and examples for a building type, applicable throughout the U.S.

Using the National Council on Preservation Education (NCPE) summer intern program, an individual worked with the NPS NHL program and staff from the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), Headquarters Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), US Army Environmental Center (USAEC) and the Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence (AFCEE) to collect and analyze DoD NHL information. The individual compiled an analysis document that presented all collected information and outlines possible...

This project developed a methodology for efficiently identifying the best examples of historic farmstead sites, and also those sites that are least likely to be deemed eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. It details testing the applicability of the methodology to regions across the country. Regional historic contexts were created to assist in the determination of “typical” farmsteads.

This project resulted in a national historic context for Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and Works Progress Administration (WPA) projects related to military installations.

This project sought to develop a non-invasive means to identify the locations of prehistoric and historic human burials using geophysical and soil chemistry. With field investigations conducted at rockshelters, open air sites, and historic cemeteries, geophysical investigations were very effective in identifying burials and other cultural features at all site types. Chemical analysis of the soil to verify burial locations appears to hold greatest promise in historic burials.

This study developed and partially populated a cultural resources database and a GIS data layer for Outside the Continental United States (OCONUS) regions where DoD personnel are deployed; assessed the depth, breadth, and availability of needed OCONUS culture resource information; and made recommendations concerning how to efficiently and effectively develop these OCONUS cultural resource data layers in future efforts.

This report expands and elaborates on an earlier model that predicted locations of prehistoric archaeology at Stillwater Marsh by analyzing the economic foraging potential of resource distributions there. A preliminary survey of selected lands administered by three federal agencies determined the predictive power of the model.

This document contains arguments for establishing a federal paleontological resources program.

This report provides a history on the use of Native American languages in U.S. military services.

This is the final report of a site assessment and multi-component remote-sensing survey of the Penobscot River, Penobscot County, Maine. The project was part of an ongoing effort to research, investigate, and document shipwrecks and other submerged archaeological sites associated with the Penobscot Expedition of 1779, and ultimately develop a management plan for their protection and preservation.

This project provides manufacturer-independent test data for historically compatible blast-resistant windows and a listing of blast test facilities. The report includes a list of blast-resistant window manufacturers capable of complying with UFC 4-010-01 (DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings) and 36 CFR Part 67.

Building on the results of Legacy project #09-442 (recommended procedures for a program of archaeological site condition monitoring), this project developed site treatment protocols designed to prevent further deterioration of sites on Department of Defense (DoD) lands. In addition to typical site treatments such as stabilization, burial, or mitigation through excavation, the project's report examines landscaping around sites to change erosion patterns or divert pedestrian traffic, as well as...

This pamphlet provides a basic understanding for qualified program managers, technical and procurements staffs in DoD with set guidelines for whole-building recycling, and reuse of historic materials. The pamphlet is meant to be used as a supplement to the Procurement Guidelines booklet. The new guidelines will provide information that will assisted in DoD installations Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution process.

The goal of this project was to research regional issues, and develop a landscape-based, programmatic approach to determine eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places of prehistoric sites in the San Diego Subregion Southern Coast Archeological Region, California.

This project developed a programmatic approach for the consistent management of DoD Cold War-era resources by analyzing the existing Cold War documentation to reduce the need for case-by-case Section 106 compliance. The project report includes management categories of Cold War-related properties, recommendations for a variety of management approaches specific to each category, and next steps for developing approaches.