WACC documents 1980-1989

DOCUMENT Full-Text Krista Deal.

This overview provides a discussion and summary of the archeology and cultural resources of the newly formed Great Basin National Park in east-central Nevada. The Overview has been prepared following the guidelines outlined in NPS-28 and in concordance with previously prepared archaeological overviews for other Western Region parks. Although a great deal is known of the culture history of the Great Basin, very little research has been conducted in the southern Snake Range. Most of what has...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Yvonne G. Stewart.

Although Petrified Forest National Park was set aside as a natural park, it is an archeological gold mine, with over 300 sites recorded in the southern half alone. The sites exhibit an unbroken culture history sequence from the Archaic period until shortly before the arrival of Europeans in that part of the Southwest. They contain information about the change from hunting and gathering to agriculture, relationships between the environment and settlement pattern, relationships between major...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Susan J. Wells.

This volume combines reports from two projects conducted at Petrified Forest National Park in 1987. Part I deals with project PEFO 87A which is the test excavation and surface collection at AZ Q:1:101(ASM), a lithic scatter adjacent to Puerco Ruin. Part II reports on project PEFO 87B which is the third season of the park boundary survey. Part I -PEFO 87 A. From April 20 to May 1, 1987, prior to realignment of the park's Mainline Road (Pkg. No. 140, Phase IV), AZ Q:1:101(ASM) was tested...

DOCUMENT Full-Text C. Micheal Barton.

This report describes the results of an archeological clearance survey along 61 km of the northern and northeastern boundaries of Death Valley National Monument. The purpose of this survey was to identify cultural resources within a right-of-way for a fence, planned for this part of the monument boundary, in order the assess the impact of fence constructi on on these resources. Bri ef di scussi ons of the present and past environment and the cultural history of the survey area...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Krista Deal. Lynne D'Ascenzo.

In late 1986, archeologists from the Western Archeological and Conservation Center conducted two phases of archeological fieldwork at Death Valley Scotty's Lower Vine Ranch property in northern Death Valley National Monument, California. The completion of a large-scale instrument map of the structures and grounds composing the historic ranch complex and a pedestrian survey of the ranch access road were the primary objectives of the initial phase of fieldwork at Lower Vine, carried out from...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Mark F. Baumler.

From its tenuous beginning as an 1880s pioneer homestead in the Chiricahua Mountains, to its development into a thriving 20th century Arizona ranch, Faraway Ranch exemplifies the changing history of rural life on the western frontier. This report chronicles a part of that history through its material remains, as revealed by the first complete archeological survey of the now-abandoned ranch property. Intended primarily as an inventory and management tool for the National Park Service...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Keith M. Anderson. Gloria J. Fenner. Don P. Morris. George A. Teague. Charmion McKusick.

Although Gila Cliff Dwellings has been known for over 100 years, and has been protected as a national monument since 1907, its archeology was never systematically reported. Several years ago, four of the authors of this report (Anderson, Fenner, Morris, and Tesgue) decided to correct this situation, working, as time permitted, with the records and artifacts stored at the monument and in the Western Archeological and Conservation Center. In the final year of report writing, the Southwestern...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Carole McClellan. David A. Phillips, Jr.. Mike Belshaw.

This assessment of the archeology of Lake Mead was written to aid federal planners who are responsible for managing cultural resources on public lands. We hope that it will also serve as a guide for archeologists working in the Lake Mead area and provide information for interested visitors. The introduction to this report (Chapter 2) gives a brief account of the establishment of the recreation area, a summary of federal regulations that affect the management of cultural resources on public...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Martyn D. Tagg.

This report presents the results of the CHIR 86B archeological project, whose main objective was to record and evaluate the significance of an 1885-1886 Tenth Cavalry "Buffalo Soldier" camp in Chiricahua National Monument. It states the reasons for the project, presents a summary of previous work in and near the project area, and discusses the background history of the "Buffalo Soldier" in the U.S. military and the part they played in the Geronimo Campaign in southern Arizona, including the Camp...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Patricia L. Fall. James A. McDonald. Pamela C. Magers.

From 1974 to 1977, the National Park Service conducted an archeological sampling survey in and adjacent to Canyon del Muerto, part of Canyon de Chelly National Monument in northeastern Arizona. This report documents the results of this work and places it within the context of previous research and knowledge of Southwest aboriginal occupations. After presenting a background to the survey and reviewing the known culture chronology and environmental setting, a description of the range and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Anne Trinkle Jones.

Archeological work conducted during the summers of 1985 and 1986 produced much new data which was badly needed to update our perceptions of Petrified Forest prehistory. A total of 120 sites along the park boundaries and in the developed areas were recorded, many of them for the first time. Surveys to fulfill compliance requirements prior to installation of a new water system (NPS Package No. Ill) and developed area surveys provided data on prehistoric land use and settlement patterns in...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Anne Trinkle Jones.

In the spring of 1984, five sites along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park were test excavated prior to stabilization. The sites, four of which are in dry shelters, span 130 river miles on both sides of the Colorado, and encompass preceramic through historic occupations. Data from the stratified deposits were used to answer research questions regarding changes in subsistence and technology through time. Analyses of flotation, pollen and macrofossil samples showed excellent...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Paul H. Rosendahl. Laura A. Carter.

This report describes the archeological excavation of the first Western style structure in Hawai'i. The structure is one of the Western style features, Structure 2, of the John Young Homestead and is part of Pu'ukohola Heiau National Historic Site, Kawaihae, Hawai'i island. Archeological excavation was conducted under the direction of Paul H. Rosendahl, Ph.D. in 1978. A brief summary of Kawaihae is presented through excerpts taken from visitors journals who stopped in the area during the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Edmund J. Ladd.

Site A-27, also known as the "Ancient Heiau Platform" or the "Old Heiau Site," was first proposed for study and excavation in 1963, but excavations were not funded until September, 1979. The following is the archeological excavation report. Previous work by the Bishop Museum is briefly reviewed and correlated with the present project. The work is based on the research design approved by the National Park Service (National Park Service 1977) in consultation with Bishop Museum staff and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Martyn D. Tagg.

The Oasis of Mara is one of five palm oases in the Joshua Tree National Monument and represents the northernmost palm oasis in the western hemisphere. The National Park Service has proposed the installation of subsurface waterlines from the Visitor Center to the palm stands in order to supplement the available water supply, thus protecting the trees and preserving the natural integrity of the oasis. This Park Service proposal led to the initiation of archeological test excavations in the oasis...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Edmund J. Ladd.

This is a combined salvage, stabilization, and historical review of the Hale-o-Kea_ temple, City of Refuge National Historical Park, Honaunau, Kona, Hawaii. The historical data collected and submitted by Superintendent Russell A. Apple (1966) in a thesis for the complete restoration of the masonry platform, and the temple of the Hale-o-Keawe, are re-evaluated and analyzed for their archeological significance. (Editor's note: Russell Apple retired as Pacific Historian in 1981.) On the basis...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Gary F. Somers.

Summary and survey of historic and prehistoric archaeological resources at the Kalaupapa National Historic Park, Molokai, Hawaii.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Edmund J. Ladd.

On July I, 1961, by Act of Congress, 180 acres of land on the Kona coast on the island of Hawaii were set aside as the City of Refuge National Historical Park. The park is nearly two miles long and a half mile wide. It runs parallel to the beautiful Pacific Ocean forming the Kona coast. Along the coast and inland are numerous archeological features: bait cups cut into solid pahoehoe by the ancient Polynesians: papamu, a type of checkerboard used in the game of konane; ancient house and grave...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Richard G. Ervin.

In early 1986, archeologists from the Western Archeological and Conservation Center (WACC), National Park Service (NPS), surveyed developed areas and other high-use areas within Lake Mead National Recreation Area (NRA). The 1986 Archeological Survey of Developed Areas was designated project LAME 86A. This report describes the results of the LAME 86A project and two earlier developed areas surveys, and so provides a complete record of such surveys at Lake Mead. One of the previous surveys was...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Nancy T. Curriden.

An historic homestead was located in 1978 by survey at 123 E. Drachman, Tucson, Arizona, the construction site for the National Park Service Western Archeological Center. All aboveground structures had been demolished in 1962. This meant that the site's significance lay solely in its potential to yield scientific information through the discovery and excavation of any subsurface features remaining. The San Francisco office of the General Services Administration was quickly advised of this,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Patricia Parker.

This overview describes known facts about the social and economic history of Joshua Tree National Monument from the period of Indian-European contact to the present. I summarize the archeological reports and various other written materials pertinent to the monument area, and discuss the strengths and limitations of the different source materials. Major social and economic developments are traced in chapters documenting Indian occupation and acculturation, mining, livestock raising, and the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Anne Trinkle Jones.

During Phase I of the project to reconstruct the Mainline Road (Pkg. 140) at Petrified Forest National Park, a two-component site, AZ Q:1:42, will be disturbed. To mitigate the impacts of the project, staff from the Western Archeological and Conservation Center conducted data recovery in August 1983. The site included four loci, two dated to the Basketmaker III period (A.D. 700 to A.D. 775) and two dated tentatively to the Pueblo II and Early Pueblo III periods (A.D. 950 to A.D. 1150). A large...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Susan J. Wells.

The fourth and final season of the Petrified Forest National Park Boundary Survey was conducted from June 27 to July 15, 1988. Twenty-one miles of quarter-mile-wide corridor were surveyed along the northern and western edges of the Painted Desert. Additional survey was conducted in various localities throughout the park including Pilot Rock, Mountain Lion Mesa and a ridge system southeast of Agate House. Intensive rock art recording at Mountain Lion Mesa was undertaken upon completion of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Anne Trinkle Jones.

Part I of this report documents work done during Phase III of the project to reconstruct the Mainline Road (Pkg.140) at Petrified Forest National Park. Three sites (AZ K:13:13, AZ K:13:19, and AZ Q:1:58) will be disturbed. A small campsite with a hearth and a small habitation site with a midden, disturbed by road construction during the 1930s, were occupied between A.D. 1175 and A.D. 1250, revealed no features and appeared to be entirely deflated. Design and formal analyses of ceramic...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Thegn Ladefoged. Gary Somers. M. Melia Lane-Hamasaki.

For six weeks in 1986 the authors conducted archaeological fieldwork in the Kalapana Extension of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii. The purposes of this project were (I) to continue the survey that had been started in 1974; (2) to fill in gaps in the 1974 survey; (3) to further document the mauka residential features that had been recorded in 1974; (4) to record the extent of damage the January, 1985, lava flow did to the area that had been surveyed in 1974; and (5) to acquire enough...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Richard G. Ervin.

In the spring of 1985, archeologists from the Western Archeological and Conservation Center (WACC) conducted archeological investigations at Joshua Tree National Monument in sonthern California. This undertaking, which was designated project JOTR 85A in WACC files, was carried out in response to plans for repairing and widening the system of roads in the monument (Package 173). The JOTR 85A project was specifically connected to Phases II and III of the road repair project. Road construction for...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Edmund J. Ladd.

Covered in this one volume are three site reports for test excavations at the City of Refuge National Historical Park, Honaunau, Kona, Hawaii. Each is treated as a separate and complete report with photographic illustrations and maps, followed by a summary and discussion. Appended are two separate short papers dealing with coral, basalt, and sea urchin spine tools. Both are illustrated with pen and ink drawings of specimens in actual size. A tentative classification for all tool types...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Martyn D. Tagg.

In March 1984, the author and J. Michael Bremer, archeologists from the Western Archeological and Conservation Center, conducted two small archeological projects in Death Valley National Monument. The first consisted of a 200-acre land survey in and around Timba-Sha Indian village, which overlooks the salt pan in central Death Valley, California. The second consisted of data collection from four sites located in the Grapevine Mountains in southwest Nevada. Although the projects are...