Furman Shoals in Prehistory: Archaelogical Data Recovery At Site 9BI69, Lake Sinclair Project, Baldwin County, Georgia
Author(s): Christopher T. Espenshade; John Foss; Linda Kennedy
Year: 1994
Summary
Archaeological data recovery was conducted in 1993 and 1994 at site 9Bl69, a stratified prehistoric site on the Oconee River Fall Line, Baldwin County, Georgia. The site had previously been recommended as eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, and the data recovery was necessary to mitigate the impact of erosion and site vandalism. Site 9Bl69 is situated within the Lake Sinclair project lands of the Georgia Power Company. The excavations consisted of two blocks, each four by ten m. Approximately one m of historic overburden was mechanically removed from each block. Excavations then proceeded in 10 cm arbitrary levels. The first block was excavated to over 3 m below surface, ending at the Pleistocene terrace surface. The second block, designed to capture additional material from the Mississippian, Woodland, and Late Archaic components was excavated to 1.8 m below surface. The site contained a series of prehistoric components associated with distinct soil horizons, including three buried A-horizons. The major components are interpreted as follows: 1) an Early Archaic winter deer hunting encampment, represented by Palmer and Bolen points, as well as hafted end scrapers. Radiocarbon dates suggest an occupation span of 8,400 to 7,500 BC; 2) a Middle Archaic, Morrow Mountain base camp, represented by many Morrow Mountain points, quartz bifaces, and quartz debitage. A single radiocarbon date suggests an occupation circa 4,500 BC; 3) a Middle Archaic, Guilford expedient encampment, represented by several Guilford points. No radiocarbon dates were derived; 4) a Late Archaic, Stallings phase seasonal base camp, represented by stemmed points, Stallings pottery, steatite bowls, and several hearth features. Four radiocarbon dates suggest an occupation span of 1,700 to 900 BC; an Early Woodland, Refuge phase seasonal household, represented by Refuge Simple Stamped pottery, and small stemmed or notched points. A single radiocarbon date suggests site use circa 850 BC; and repeated resource-specific encampments during the Vinings, Scull Shoals, Duvall, and Iron Horse phases of the Mississippian period. A radiocarbon date of AD 1160 probably reflects the Vinings occupation.
Cite this Record
Furman Shoals in Prehistory: Archaelogical Data Recovery At Site 9BI69, Lake Sinclair Project, Baldwin County, Georgia. Christopher T. Espenshade, John Foss, Linda Kennedy. Brockington and Associates, Inc. 1994 ( tDAR id: 391049) ; doi:10.6067/XCV8WQ04N5
Keywords
Culture
Archaic
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Early Archaic
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Early Woodland
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Late Archaic
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Middle Archaic
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Middle Woodland
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Mississippian
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Woodland
Material
Ceramic
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Chipped Stone
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Fauna
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Fire Cracked Rock
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Human Remains
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Macrobotanical
Site Name
9BI69
Site Type
Archaeological Feature
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Fall Line of the Oconee River
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Furman Shoals
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Hearth
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Post Hole / Post Mold
Investigation Types
Data Recovery / Excavation
Geographic Keywords
Fulton County (County)
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Georgia (State / Territory)
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North America (Continent)
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United States of America (Country)
Temporal Keywords
Prehistoric
Spatial Coverage
min long: -84.721; min lat: 33.595 ; max long: -84.073; max lat: 34.061 ;
Individual & Institutional Roles
Contributor(s): John Foss; Linda Kennedy
Principal Investigator(s): Christopher T. Espenshade
Sponsor(s): The Georgia Power Company (Atlanta, GA)
Submitted To(s): Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Atlanta, GA
Record Identifiers
Brockington and Associates, Inc., report number(s): 0429
Notes
General Note: Curation facility: Laboratory of Archaeology, Baldwin Hall, University of Georgia, Athens
File Information
Name | Size | Creation Date | Date Uploaded | Access | |
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lake-sinclair-vol-2.pdf | 12.28mb | May 8, 2013 10:23:27 AM | Public | ||
0429-lake-sinclair-vol-1.pdf | 22.70mb | May 10, 2013 1:40:45 PM | Public |