An Archeological Overview and Assessment of the Ozarks National Scenic Riverways, Missouri

Author(s): Fred A. Finney

Year: 2006

Summary

In 1964 Congress authorized Ozark National Scenic Riverways (OZAR) and the park was officially established in 1972. It is one of the initial eight wild and scenic rivers designated by the federal government. OZAR encompasses a linear corridor along ca. 241 km (ca. 150 miles) of the Current and Jack Fork Rivers in the Ozark Highlands of southeast Missouri.

The park contains a variety of prehistoric and historic archeological resources. A total of 480 sites are recorded in the files of either the Midwest Archeological Center (MW AC), State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Historic Preservation Program (HPP) at the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Archaeological Survey of Missouri (ASM) at the University of Missouri (UMC), Missouri Archaeological Society (MAS), or OZAR as of September 2005. These sites were discovered and recorded in the course of cultural resource management (CRM) projects, university and museum-sponsored research, as well as those initially noted by nineteenth-century explorers and early settlers. Finally, this project's review of the historical documentation indicates that unverified prehistoric and historic sites are believed to exist inside the park. Despite this corpus of knowledge, large extents of the park still remain unexamined for archeological sites.

Briefly, this report outlines the culture history of the OZAR region along the upper and middle Current River and lacks Fork River, names the most important written references, and identifies the artifact repositories. All archeological investigations conducted within the OZAR boundaries are specified in the report. The bibliography contains all references cited in the text, all archeological reports for work in OZAR, the county histories and atlases for counties in the park, selected archeological citations for surrounding regions and other related topics, e.g., historical and geological publications. The history of archeological research is summarized with the next section. It provides an historical perspective on fieldwork in OZAR. This section includes pre-park activities and documentation from adjacent areas as necessary. The subsequent chapter on the archeological site database only includes individual descriptions for selected sites. These descriptions are drawn from the site forms, CRM reports, and other published and manuscript sources. A review of the entire archeological site database revealed examples of contradictory, incomplete, or missing data that needed correction whenever possible. Figures and tables are used to include site-specific data relevant to this report. The radiocarbon dates listed in this report are uncalibrated. A series of diagnostic artifacts from the park are illustrated for each prehistoric cultural stage.

Cite this Record

An Archeological Overview and Assessment of the Ozarks National Scenic Riverways, Missouri. Fred A. Finney. 2006 ( tDAR id: 398830) ; doi:10.6067/XCV8J1058W

This Resource is Part of the Following Collections

Keywords

Material
Ceramic • Chipped Stone • Fire Cracked Rock • Ground Stone • Human Remains • Shell

Site Name
03-113 • 03-117 • 03-120 • 23CT00001 • 23CT00002/186 • 23CT00003 • 23CT00004 • 23CT00007 • 23CT00008 • 23CT00036 • 23CT00038 • 23CT00040 • 23CT00041 • 23CT00042 • 23CT00054 • 23CT00055 • 23CT00056 • 23CT00064 • 23CT00065 • 23CT00068 • 23CT00074 • 23CT00078/197 • 23CT00079 • 23CT00080/195 • 23CT00095 • 23CT00104 • 23CT00105 • 23CT00106 • 23CT00107 • 23CT00108 • 23CT00109 • 23CT00110 • 23CT00111 • 23CT00152 • 23CT00160 • 23CT00168 • 23CT00180 • 23CT00181 • 23CT00182 • 23CT00183 • 23CT00184 • 23CT00185 • 23CT00187 • 23CT00188 • 23CT00189 • 23CT00190 • 23CT00191 • 23CT00192 • 23CT00193 • 23CT00194 • 23CT00196 • 23CT00198 • 23CT00199 • 23CT00200 • 23CT00201 • 23CT00202 • 23CT00203 • 23CT00204 • 23CT00205 • 23CT00206 • 23CT00207 • 23CT00208 • 23CT00209 • 23CT00210 • 23CT00211 • 23CT00212 • 23CT00213 • 23CT00214 • 23CT00215 • 23CT00216 • 23CT00217 • 23CT00218 • 23CT00219 • 23CT00220 • 23CT00221 • 23CT00223 • 23CT00224 • 23CT00225 • 23CT00226 • 23CT00227 • 23CT00228 • 23CT00229 • 23CT00230 • 23CT00231 • 23CT00232 • 23CT00233 • 23CT00234 • 23CT00235 • 23CT00236 • 23CT00237 • 23CT00238 • 23CT00239 • 23CT00240 • 23CT00351 • 23CT00352 • 23CT00353 • 23CT00354 • 23CT00355 • 23CT00369 • 23CT00370 • 23CT00371 • 23CT00372 • 23CT00373 • 23CT00374 • 23CT00375 • 23CT00376 • 23CT00377 • 23CT00378 • 23CT00379 • 23CT00380 • 23CT00381 • 23CT00382 • 23CT00383 • 23CT00384 • 23CT00385 • 23CT00386 • 23CT00387 • 23CT00388 • 23CT00389 • 23CT00390 • 23CT00391 • 23CT00392 • 23CT00393 • 23CT00394 • 23CT00395 • 23CT00396 • 23CT00397 • 23CT00398 • 23CT00399 • 23CT00400 • 23CT00401 • 23CT00402 • 23CT00403 • 23CT00404 • 23CT00405 • 23CT00406 • 23CT00407 • 23CT00408 • 23CT00409 • 23CT00410 • 23CT00411 • 23CT00412 • 23CT00413 • 23CT00414 • 23CT00415 • 23CT00416 • 23CT00417 • 23CT00418 • 23CT00419 • 23CT00420 • 23CT00421 • 23CT00422 • 23CT00423 • 23CT00424 • 23CT00425 • 23CT00426 • 23CT00427 • 23CT00428 • 23CT00429 • 23CT00430 • 23CT00431 • 23CT00432 • 23CT00433 • 23CT00434 • 23CT00435 • 23CT00436 • 23CT00437 • 23CT00438 • 23CT104 • 23CT111 • 23CT351 • 23CT355 • 23CT54 • 23DE00005 • 23DE00006 • 23DE00007 • 23DE00008 • 23DE00009 • 23DE00010 • 23DE00011 • 23DE00031 • 23DE00041 • 23DE00066 • 23DE00068 • 23DE00069 • 23DE00070 • 23DE00071 • 23DE00072 • 23DE00073 • 23DE00074 • 23DE00075 • 23DE00076 • 23DE00077 • 23DE00078 • 23SH00010 • 23SH00011 • 23SH00014/55 • 23SH00016 • 23SH00017 • 23SH00018 • 23SH00019 • 23SH00021 • 23SH00022 • 23SH00023 • 23SH00024 • 23SH00025 • 23SH00027 • 23SH00028 • 23SH00029 • 23SH00030 • 23SH00031 • 23SH00032 • 23SH00033 • 23SH00034 • 23SH00035 • 23SH00036 • 23SH00037 • 23SH00038 • 23SH00039 • 23SH0004 • 23SH00040 • 23SH00042 • 23SH00043 • 23SH00044 • 23SH00045 • 23SH00049 • 23SH0005 • 23SH00050 • 23SH00051 • 23SH00052 • 23SH00056 • 23SH00057 • 23SH00058 • 23SH00059 • 23SH0006 • 23SH00060 • 23SH00061 • 23SH00062 • 23SH00063 • 23SH00064 • 23SH00065 • 23SH0007 • 23SH00070 • 23SH00071 • 23SH00072 • 23SH00073 • 23SH00074 • 23SH00075 • 23SH00076 • 23SH00077 • 23SH00078 • 23SH00079 • 23SH0008 • 23SH00080 • 23SH00081 • 23SH00082 • 23SH00083 • 23SH00084 • 23SH00093 • 23SH00094 • 23SH00096 • 23SH00097 • 23SH00098 • 23SH00099 • 23SH00100 • 23SH00101 • 23SH00102 • 23SH00103 • 23SH00104 • 23SH00105 • 23SH00106 • 23SH00107 • 23SH00108 • 23SH00109 • 23SH00110/191 • 23SH00111 • 23SH00113 • 23SH00114 • 23SH00115 • 23SH00116 • 23SH00117 • 23SH00118 • 23SH00119 • 23SH00120 • 23SH00121 • 23SH00122 • 23SH00127 • 23SH00128 • 23SH00129 • 23SH00130 • 23SH00131 • 23SH00132 • 23SH00133 • 23SH00134 • 23SH00139 • 23SH00140 • 23SH00141 • 23SH00142 • 23SH00143 • 23SH00144 • 23SH00145 • 23SH00146 • 23SH00147 • 23SH00148 • 23SH00149 • 23SH00150 • 23SH00151 • 23SH00152 • 23SH00153 • 23SH00154 • 23SH00155 • 23SH00156 • 23SH00157 • 23SH00158 • 23SH00159 • 23SH00160 • 23SH00161 • 23SH00162 • 23SH00163 • 23SH00164 • 23SH00165 • 23SH00166 • 23SH00167 • 23SH00168 • 23SH00169 • 23SH00170 • 23SH00171 • 23SH00172 • 23SH00173 • 23SH00174 • 23SH00175 • 23SH00176 • 23SH00177 • 23SH00178 • 23SH00179 • 23SH00180 • 23SH00181 • 23SH00182 • 23SH00183 • 23SH00184 • 23SH00185 • 23SH00186 • 23SH00187 • 23SH00188 • 23SH00190 • 23SH00193 • 23SH00194 • 23SH00195 • 23SH00196 • 23SH00197 • 23SH00198 • 23SH00199 • 23SH00200 • 23SH00201 • 23SH00202 • 23SH00203 • 23SH00204 • 23SH00205 • 23SH00206 • 23SH00207 • 23SH00208 • 23SH00209 • 23SH00210 • 23SH00211 • 23SH00212 • 23SH00213 • 23SH00214 • 23SH00215 • 23SH00216 • 23SH00217 • 23SH00218 • 23SH00219 • 23SH00220 • 23SH00221 • 23SH00222 • 23SH00223 • 23SH00224 • 23SH00225 • 23SH00226 • 23SH00227 • 23SH00228 • 23SH00229 • 23SH00230 • 23SH00231 • 23SH00232 • 23SH00233 • 23SH00234 • 23SH00235 • 23SH00236 • 23SH00237 • 23SH00238 • 23SH00239 • 23SH00244 • 23SH00254 • 23SH00255 • 23SH00256 • 23SH00257 • 23SH00259 • 23SH00260 • 23SH00261 • 23SH00262 • 23SH00263 • 23SH00264 • 23SH00265 • 23SH00266 • 23SH00267 • 23SH00268 • 23SH00269 • 23SH00270 • 23SH00271 • 23SH00272 • 23SH00273 • 23SH00274 • 23SH00275 • 23SH00276 • 23SH00277 • 23SH00278 • 23SH00279 • 23SH00280 • 23SH00281 • 23SH00282 • 23SH00283 • 23SH00284 • 23SH00327 • 23SH00328 • 23SH00329 • 23SH00330 • 23SH00333 • 23SH00342 • 23SH10 • 23SH101 • 23SH104 • 23SH109 • 23SH11 • 23SH159 • 23SH19 • 23SH23 • 23SH-8-17-94-1 • 23SH94 • 23TE00051 • Acorn Slough • Akers Ferry • Akers Grouse Pit • Alley Branch • Alley Mill • Alley Spring Roller Mill • Angela Cook • Art's • Baltz Place • Banks Ford • Bannerstone • Baptist Access Overflow Parking • Barrel Brand • Baum and Jack Mill • Bay Branch Natural Arch • Bay Creek Landing • Beaver Dam • Beaver Wood • Benton Hollow • Big Camp • Big Debbie • Big Goose Bay • Big K • Big Oak • Big Point • Big Rick • Big Shawnee • Big Spring Picnic • Big Three Cave • Big Tom • Bill Hollow • Bingo • Bland Farm • Bland Tract • Blooming Prickly Pear Cactus • Blue Spring Cornfield • Blue Spring Mill • Blue Spring Picnic • Blue Spring Trail Site • Blufftop Cabin • Booming Shoal • Boyds Creek • Boyds Creek Cairn • Brandt • Branson Cave • Briar Spring • Broadfoot Cemetery • Broadfoot Powerline Site • Broken Boat • Broken Oak • Buck Hollow • Buffington • Bulldozed • Bulldozed Cabin • Bunch Cemetery • Bunker Hill Cave • Buttin Rock Road • Buttin Rock School • Buzzard Bluff • Buzzard Bluff North • Cabbage Patch Balloon • Campbell Farm • Camp Lincoln • Capps Hollow • Cardareva School • Cardinal Acres • Cave Spring Mill • CCC Camp 1710 • CCC Camp 734 • CCC Camp Dump • Cedargrove Cemetery • Cedargrove Garden • Cedargrove Terrace • Cedargrove Townsite • Cemetery Vista • Chambers Cave • Cherry Branch • Chilton Community and Depot • Chilton-Williams Farm • Chubb Hollow • Chubb Hollow Extension • Clay Bank Cave • Clean Sweep • Collins Cemetery • Copperhead • Cotton Farm • Coyote • Crazy Canoe • Culpepper • Culpepper Cemetery • Culpepper-Pummil • Current River Railroad Grade • Dances with Grasshoppers • D-Day • Deatherage Mill • Dee Maggard • Dee Maggard Grouse Plot • Deer Run • Deer Stampede • DENT-22 • Devils Well • Diehl's Resort • Don Powell Hilltop • Don Powell Trail • Dyer Cemetery • Dyer Ridge Top • Ebb and Flow Spring Site • End of Field • Fanchier • Fanchier Cemetery • Fishing Pole • Flat Rock Creek • Flintstone • Fonda Burritos • Fonda Deer • Fonda Taco • Fursman Spring • Fursman Spring Site • Gladden Creek Grouse Plot • Gnat Alley Woods • Good Karma • Goose Bay West • Gooseneck • Gott Cabin Site • Granite Quarry Cave • Grassy • Grassy Creek Stone Wall • Grouse Habitat • Grubb • Hall Hollow Cemetery • Haris Spring • Harrison-Randolph Farm • Hasta Lovista • Hay Baler • Heartbreak Hill Shelter • Hilltop • Hodge • Hooper Hollow • Howell Cabin • Hurry Home • Isaac Kelly • Isaac Kelly Farmstead • Jacks Fork Stone Wall • Jerktail/Many Forks • Jerktail Site • John Chilton Cemetery • John Chilton Settlement • Johnny Hollow Rock Shelter • Johnson Farm • Jones Cabin • Keathley • Keaton • Kelley Cemetery • Kelley Farm • Kelley Hollow • Kelly Cemetery • Lancastor • Landis • Leatherwood • Leo Anderson Culpepper • Lesh • Lilapution • Limekiln Cave • Lipps-Moyer • Little Debbie • Little Goose Bay • Little Ricky • Little Ursula • Little Vickie • Log Hollow • Logyard Cabin • Logyard Campground • Loop Cave • Lost Camper • Lost Map • Lower Blackwell • Lower Conrad - Horse Hollow • Lower Field • Lower Grassy Cemetery • Lower Meeting House Cave • Lower Parker • Lower Parker School • Mac Campbell • Maggard Cabin • Mark Chilton Cemetery • Mark Chilton Settlement • McCormac • McCormac-Brewer • McCormac Place • McDonald Cave • Meeting House Cave • Mill Creek • Mill Creek Terrace • Mill Mountain • Mosquito Ville • Mouth of Grassy • Mouth of Rocky • Mouth of Rough Creek • Muddy Paw • Nichols Farm District • Night Crawler • No Good Luck • Not Enough Time • No TV • Old Eminence • Old Houseplace • Old Man Fishing • Old Orchard • Old Pulltite Store • Opposite Sinking • Orange Spider • Overlook • Owls Bend • Owls Bend Road • OZAR94-2 • OZAR94-3 • OZAR94-4 • Ozark National Scenic Riverways • Panther Spring • Parker Cabin • Partney • Partney Farm • Partney Farm Blacksmith Shop • Patton-Heiney Spring/Cemetery • Peavine Road • Pesty Bug • Phillips Bay Mill • Pinnacle Bluff Cave • Pinoak • Pistol Barrel Hollow • Playful Squirrel • Poison Ivy Cave • Polly's • Porter 1 • Possum Hollow • Powder Mill • Powder Mill Bridge • Pulltite • Pulltite Cabin • Pulltite Caims • Pulltite Group Camp • Pulltite Grouse Plot • Pulltite Mill • Pulltite Ridge Road • Pulltite Tram • Quartzite • Ramsey South • Reed Log House • Rhymers • Rhymers Ridgetop • Roberts • Rocky Creek Crossing • Rocky Falls • Rocky Falls Cabin • Round Spring • Round Spring Boat Landing • Round Spring Grotto • Round Spring Housing • Round Spring Mill • RS-1 • Rufie Nichols Shelter • Rusty Can • Rymer Cave • Rymer Landing Cave • Rymer Spring Cave • Rymer Spring Shelter • Sacred Snake • Scenic View • Schwartz Farm • Seven Turkeys • Shannon County Hunting and Fishing • Shawnee Creek • Shelton Hollow • SHN-1 • SHN-10 • SHN-105 • SHN-11 • SHN-12 • SHN-13 • SHN-14 • SHN-15 • SHN-16 • SHN-17 • SHN-18 • SHN-19 • SHN-2 • SHN-20 • SHN-21 • SHN-23 • SHN-24 • SHN-25 • SHN-26 • SHN-27 • SHN-271 • SHN-279 • SHN-29 • SHN-3 • SHN-30 • SHN-335 • SHN-4 • SHN-5 • SHN-6 • SHN-7 • SHN-8 • SHN-9 • SHN-94-1 • SHN-94-3 • SHN-94-4 • SHN-94-5 • SHN-94-9 • SHN-95-13 • SHN-95-18 • SHN-95-22 • SHN-95-33 • SHN-95-48 • SHN-96-1 • SHN-96-13 • SHN-96-14 • SHN-96-33 • SHN-96-8 • SHN-97-1 • SHN-97-3 • Shockley • Shut Ins • Sinking Creek/Lost Trowel • Sleeping Fawn • Small Hollow • Sorta Kinda • Spring Creek • Spring Valley Dalton • Standing Rock Cave • Steel Trap Shelter • Stick Snake • Sticky Wood • Stinging Nettle • Stone Wall Cave • Stuck Again • Sunset Cave • Sycamore Tree • Teddy O'Glenn • Terrace • Terrapin Hollow • Terror Road • The Gulley • Thin End • Thorny Creek • Tom Martin • Too Far • Too Tired • Tornado Alley • Torrential Rains • Trail Ride Camp • Twin Caves • Twin Cedars Cave • Twin Pines • Twin Rocks Site • Two Flake Cave • Two Rivers • Upper Blackwell • Upper Parker South • Upper Park North • Walled Cave • Walter Klepzig Mill and Farm • Weese Cemetery • Welch Cave Complex • Welch Lodge • Wet Dog • Wildwood Park • Willard Knuckles • Williams Ford Cave • Woodpecker Wood • Woods Mill Show More

Site Type
Archaeological Feature • Cairn • Cemetery • Commercial or Industrial Structures • Communal / Public Structure • Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex • Domestic Structures • Factory / Workshop • Funerary and Burial Structures or Features • Hamlet / Village • Historic Communal / Public Structure • House Mound • Midden • Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features • Rock Shelter • Settlements • Trash Midden

Investigation Types
Archaeological Overview • Heritage Management • Historic Background Research • Site Stewardship Monitoring

General
Historic Cemetery • Lithic Workshop • Railroad Grade • Railroad Tram Bed • Rock Cairn • School House • Stone Wall

Geographic Keywords
Alley Spring • Arkansas (State / Territory) • Big Spring • Carter County (County) • Current River • Dent County (County) • Jack Fork Rivers • Missouri (State / Territory) • Ozark National Scenic Riverways • Round Spring • Shannon County (County)

Temporal Keywords
Archaic • Dalton • Early Archaic • Historic • Late Archaic • Middle Archaic • Middle Proterozoic • Middle Woodland • Mississippian • Woodland

Spatial Coverage

min long: -96.064; min lat: 35.889 ; max long: -87.803; max lat: 40.847 ;

Individual & Institutional Roles

Contact(s): Anne Vawser

Principal Investigator(s): Fred A. Finney

Project Director(s): Fred A. Finney

Prepared By(s): Upper Midwest Archaeology

Submitted To(s): Midwest Archeological Center, National Park Service, Lincoln

Record Identifiers

Contract Completion Report No.(s): 62

Purchase Order No.(s): PX6115040056

File Information

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