San Xavier Central Arizona Project Extension: Archaeological Investigations At AZ BB:13:16(ASM)-Locus F, Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation, San Xavier District, Pima County, Arizona

Summary

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) assisted the San Xavier District of the Tohono O'odham Nation with the construction of an extension of the Central Arizona Project (CAP) pipeline on reservation lands along the Santa Cruz River. The pipeline corridor crosses Loci F and H of AZ BB:13:16(ASM), a Hohokam occupation zone with many pithouses and other structures, varied pits, trash areas, and possibly human remains. Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) provided the labor, transportation, equipment, applicable permits, specialized personnel, and materials to perform archaeological testing, site evaluation, and excavation of selected features within the pipeline right-of-way.

Archaeological resources at Locus F were investigated in two stages. An initial testing program, conducted under the first delivery order, evaluated the number and kinds of features present. The boundaries of this locus had been mapped and surface artifact concentrations noted in fieldwork conducted in the early 1980s in preparation for extensive development within the southern Santa Cruz River Valley (Cultural and Environmental Systems 1987; Doelle and Wallace 1986). These basic site parameters were verified by Reclamation and used to design the testing program carried out by ACS from March 8 through April 7, 1999. Artifacts were collected from the entire surface area, and trenches were excavated partially across the pipeline right-of-way. Surface artifact densities were used to guide the layout of trenches. Trenches were closest together (5 m intervals) in areas of high artifact density while trenches in areas of lower artifact density were farther apart (10 to 15 m). The second stage of the project, conducted under the second delivery order, involved more intensive investigations to record and recover material in the direct path of the pipeline. Work also included a geoarchaeological reconnaissance of the surrounding land to study the relationship between different soil settings and the locations of archaeological sites.

This Resource is Part of the Following Collections

• Central Arizona Project Archaeology on the Tohono O'odham Nation, San Xavier District   •
• National Archeological Database (NADB)

Keywords

Temporal Coverage

Radiocarbon Date: 1255 to 1025

Radiocarbon Date: 1000 to 880

Spatial Coverage

Individual & Institutional Roles

Contact(s): USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office

Contributor(s): Lourdes Aguila; C. Scott Crownover; Deborah L. Ferguson; Bruce G. Phillips; John Rapp; Paula Turkon; Arthur W. Vokes

Landowner(s): Tohono O'odham Nation

Sponsor(s): USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office

Prepared By(s): Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd.

Submitted To(s): USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office

Record Identifiers

Bureau of Reclamation Delivery Order No.(s): 99B3322810; 99-PA-32-02810-D011

ACS Project No.(s): 99-366

NADB document id number(s): 3200004

Bureau of Reclamation Contract No.(s): 1425-97-CS-32-02810

NADB citation id number(s): 000000335493