North America: Southeast United States (Geographic Keyword)
101-125 (475 Records)
Previous research indicates that, following European colonization, animal husbandry did not replace hunting as the primary source of meat in the diet of southeastern Native Americans until the early nineteenth century. However, while the introduction of Eurasian domesticated animals had little immediate impact on the lives of indigenous peoples in the Southeast,the expansion of the European market economy had profound implications for the economic and subsistence strategies of Native Americans...
Deptford Settlement in South Carolina (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Deptford has been construed as a phase with a time-space-content connotation that incorporates aspects of pottery and adaptation. Recently, we examined regional settlement by considering Deptford phase site distributions and radiometric dates. In this study, we take our analysis a step further by constructing ceramic seriations for sub-regions in which...
Development and Praxis of Community-Based Archaeology at Historic Mitchelville Freedom Park (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Collaborative and Community Archaeology" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Over the last four years Historic Mitchelville Freedom Park (HMFP), the site of the first Free Black Town in America (est. 1861), has begun a plan to develop the area into a heritage destination. HMFP aims to reconstruct some of the original buildings, develop educational programs, and have a walking and guided tour, among other things....
Deviating from the Standard: The Relationship between Archaeology and Public Education (2018)
As a social science, archaeology utilizes disciplines within science, mathematics, and technology to answer questions about human behavior and our shared cultural heritage. With its interdisciplinary nature, archaeologists and educators over the last few decades have sought to promote archaeological lessons in K-12 classrooms. The presentation, "Deviating from the Standard: The Relationship between Archaeology and Public Education" uses the state of Georgia as a case study to examine the past,...
The Diet and Identity of Enslaved African Americans in the Upper South (2018)
Enslaved African Americans in the Upper South worked and lived in both rural and urban settings as farm laborers, cooks, house servants, miners, and roustabouts. Their quality of life and cultural identity may be best understood by how their food was acquired, the types of plants and animals eaten, and the recipes they created. This paper provides a summary of the enslaved African American diet in the Upper South and compares it with that of their white owners as well as with enslaved...
Dietary and Environmental Implications of Animal Use in the Okeechobee Basin Area of Florida (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In order to gain a better understanding of the faunal diet composition of Native Americans in south-central Florida, an examination was conducted to determine which types of animals appeared most frequently within tree island assemblages. Of the faunal remains examined from a 2016 excavation, all were identified to at least an animal’s taxonomic order,...
Digital Approaches to Heritage at Risk and Sustainability at Egmont Key, FL (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Most of the 200,000 tourists who visit Egmont Key, FL, each year are unaware that the historically significant island is vanishing beneath their feet. In the last 150 years, the island has lost nearly 50% of its landmass due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. This presentation details an attempt to raise public awareness and understanding of...
Discovery of A Lost Seminole War Fort: Fort Shackelford (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Fort Shackelford was built in February of 1855 on what is now the Big Cypress Seminole Reservation in South Florida. It was one of several forts built by the U.S. Army used to scout near the Big Cypress and Everglades regions during the U.S. Government’s efforts to pressure the Seminoles into leaving the area. In late 1855, the fort was found burned and since...
The Disintegration of Style and Memory: Mound 3 Assemblages at Lake Jackson (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Art Style as a Communicative Tool in Archaeological Research" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. At the 75th annual meeting of the Society of American Archaeology, Claudine Payne proposed that Lake Jackson’s Mound 3 served as a repository for ritual heirlooms that could no longer be used in the manners their creators intended. This paper revives her hypothesis to examine the role of this archaeological context at the...
Distrust Thy Neighbor: Examining Reservation Period Camps through Tribal Archaeology and Story Mapping (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Recognizing and Recording Post-1492 Indigenous Sites in North American Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The most recent history of the Seminole Tribe of Florida (STOF) and its settlement on Federal Trust land is little understood. Settling onto the various reservations in the 1930s, community members organized the layout and location of their camps based on sociohistorical beliefs stemming from a distrust...
Disturbed Rest: The Destruction and Commemoration of An African-American Cemetery in Haughton, LA—A Collaboration of Archaeology, Ethnology, Law Enforcement, and Community (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2010, reports surfaced of an African-American cemetery in the northwest Louisiana hamlet of Haughton having been destroyed by a white male seeking squatters’ rights on the property. Among the reported rumors were that a church and its cemetery had been bulldozed and that human remains had been dug up. Subsequent investigation of these reports by the...
The Downstream Effects of Abandonment: Immigration and Transformation on the 14th Century Georgia Coast, USA (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. By 1390 CE, the Mississippian chiefdoms of the Savannah River Valley (SRV) had been depopulated. Settlement and radiocarbon evidence suggest that the former residents of the SRV spread to neighboring regions. On the Georgia Coast, immigrants arrived into a rapidly changing context. Settlement expansion meant the establishment of new locales, occupied for the...
Drowning the Library: Sea-Level Rise and Archaeological Site Destruction in the Southeastern United States (2018)
The impacts of past and projected climate change and specifically sea level fluctuations on heritage resources are examined across the southeastern US using site and environmental data integrated in DINAA (Digital Index of North American Archaeology). Minor changes in sea level have shaped human settlement from the late Pleistocene onward, including in recent millennia when shorelines are incorrectly assumed to have stabilized at or near present levels. In the near term, tens of thousands of...
The Early Spread of Peaches (Prunus persica) across Spanish La Florida and their Importance for Modeling Archaeological Chronologies and Indigenous Networks (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Peaches were ubiquitous across eastern North America by the mid-seventeenth century, less than 100 years after the founding of St. Augustine in 1565, the earliest possible cultivation date for peaches in what is today the United States. As such, preserved or charred peach pits at archaeological sites, each with a built-in terminus post quem of c. 1565,...
Early- and Middle-Stage Fluted Stone Tool Bases: Further Evidence they are not Diagnostic of Clovis (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Goodson Rockshelter in Oklahoma has provided strong chronometric evidence that early- and middle-stage fluted stone tool bases found there date to the Late Archaic. These results further indicate that such specimens are not necessarily diagnostic of the Clovis culture. Here, we present additional evidence that early- and middle-stage fluted bases do not...
Elemental and Isotopic Geochemistry to Source Shell-Tempered Ceramics – Late Woodland and Mississippian Contexts in the Yazoo Basin (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Sourcing shell-tempered ceramics using compositional analyses has revealed to be challenging, if not impossible in some contexts. Recent pilot studies have shown that freshwater mussel shells from archaeological sites located in different drainages in Eastern and Southeastern United States display different elemental compositions. The present research further...
Engaging Community in Climate Change, Heritage Resource Management and Citizen Science: Examples from Florida’s National Parks (2018)
The National Park Service’s core mission is to protect and preserve unimpaired for future generations natural and cultural resources under its management. Climate change presents unprecedented challenges as humans have set in motion an unstoppable sea-level rise that will eventually submerge, damage and destroy many heritage resources. Many sites are already undergoing severe erosion, and we struggle with prioritizing limited resources for protecting sites. What are our options? Using case...
Engaging the Public at Shell Middens to Address Climate Change Impacts: Heritage Monitoring Scouts (HMS Florida) at Shell Bluff Landing (8SJ32) (2018)
Shell Bluff Landing (8SJ32) is a dense coastal shell midden with occupation spanning 6,000 years, located in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida. The site is threatened by climate change impacts and coastal dynamics that include salt water intrusion, flooding, and, most notably, erosion exacerbated by wave action from the Intracoastal Waterway. Since Shell Bluff Landing was acquired by the State of Florida in the 1980s, land managers...
Environment, Climate, and Mississippian Origins in the Lower Mississippi Valley and the Mississippi River Delta (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Migration and Climate Change: The Spread of Mississippian Culture" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Lower Mississippi Valley (LMV) and Mississippi River Delta (MRD) are dramatically impacted by long-term and seasonal fluctuations in water levels, storm cycles, and flooding. In both regions, unpredictable storm events, upstream changes in water flow, and increased water salinity (as well as a host of other factors)...
Environmental and Cultural Changes at the Late Archaic – Early Woodland Transition on the Georgia Coast, USA: A Dendrochronological and 14C-Based Approach (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We present a new multimillennial tree-ring chronology derived from subfossil bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) buried at the mouth of the Altamaha River on the Georgia Coast, USA, and discuss environmental and climatic changes indicated by tree-ring proxies, including ringwidth and chemical analyses. Finally, we examine modeled new and existing radiocarbon...
Establishing a Multimillennial Dendrochronological Sequence in the Atlantic Southeast, USA (2018)
This paper discusses advances in the development of a multi-millennial ring-width chronology based on bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) from the mouth of the Altamaha River in Georgia. New insights into the environmental history of coastal Georgia are discussed, including the archaeological implications of major climatic and ecological events visible in the ancient cypress rings. Finally, we focus on environmental conditions before, during, and after the transition from the Late Archaic (ca....
Establishing Ceramic Source Groups in Florida Using a Multi-method Approach (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Ceramics and Archaeological Sciences" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. More than 500 ceramic artifacts from four prehistoric sites in Pinellas County, Florida, were analyzed nondestructively using a portable XRF spectrometer to address research questions about local production and potential movement or exchange over significant distances. All dating to the Safety Harbor period (ca. AD 900–1500), at least 100 diagnostic...
Establishing Mississippian Potting Communities at the Wickliffe Mounds Site, Kentucky (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Scaling Potting Networks: Recent Contributions from Ceramic Petrography " session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Pottery vessels at the Wickliffe Mounds site, a Mississippian village located in Ballard County, Kentucky, can be used as a representative sample to examine the ceramic production techniques and choices used within the Ohio-Mississippi River confluence region. This paper uses both visual and quantitative...
Establishing Provenance and Population Movements of the Vacant Quarter Phenomenon through Ceramic Traditions (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Scaling Potting Networks: Recent Contributions from Ceramic Petrography " session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Vacant Quarter is a phenomenon that involved the movement of hundreds, possibly thousands, of sedentary communities in mid-continental North America during the Mississippian period (~AD 1450–1550). Many of the details surrounding this phenomenon are still debated. This study narrows in on two subregions of the...
Ethics, Epistemology and Multiple Consciousness: Some Considerations (2018)
This paper centers the ethical epistemology (EE) of the New York African Burial ground - as well as the scholar-activist traditions that informed it - in this important session discussion on ethics. I argue that both are overlooked resources for conceptualizing and operationalizing an ethics of multiple consciousness such as the one that the organizers propose. The intellectual and political work associated with the EE of the New York African Burial Ground Project is discussed along with the...