Landscape (Other Keyword)
51-75 (396 Records)
Historians and archaeologists alike have noted the structural repression imposed by the plantation landscape. The organization of spaces and various structures on plantations allowed for optimal surveillance through the establishment of clearly delineated areas suggesting prescribed labor or activity. Personal spaces associated with enslaved Africans or African Americans were often easily visible from parts of the plantation that were typically occupied by white authority figures. Archaeological...
Castles of Conquest or Factionalism and the Creation of Political Landscapes (2019)
This is an abstract from the "The State of the Art in Medieval European Archaeology: New Discoveries, Future Directions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Castles play a significant role in the creation of a social and political landscape. The placement and proximity of castles to each other and to other places in the landscape can be markedly different depending on the political circumstances of their creation. The castles of Germany’s Altmühltal...
Cave 1 at the Site of at the site of Chawak But’o’ob: An Interpretation of Subterranean Space in Northern Belize (2016)
During the 2013 season, a team from California State University, Los Angeles worked with the Rio Bravo Archaeological Survey directed by Stanley Walling to conduct a preliminary assessment of Cave 1 (RB-47-142-X) at the site of Chawak But’o’ob. Located within the heart of the site’s public architecture, Cave 1 is surrounded by a ballcourt, a sweatbath and a sinkhole. Though our survey and excavation revealed utilization of the cave that differed from other areas of the Maya lowlands, its...
Cave Myths Past and Present: Cerro Bernal as a Sacred Landscape (2017)
In the municipality of Tonalá, Chiapas, Cerro Bernal represents a unique feature on the Pacific coastal plain—one that is both strategic and of economic importance as well as representing a deeply potent sacred landscape. Among the important features of this landscape that have become the focus of cotemporary folklore are a series of caves, or more specifically rock shelters, that have entered the imagination of local residents as important elements of a living and enchanted landscape. ...
Ceremonial Landscapes in the Middle Chesapeake (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeologies of Contact and Colonialism" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The spatial turn in the humanities is sending archaeologists and their Native colleagues back into the documentary, oral history, and archaeological records to tease out elements of the indigenous cultural landscape – in the deep past, in the colonial past, and in the present. Ceremonial landscapes are an important part of the indigenous...
Chaco Canyon: Dispersed Settlement, Dialectical Tension, and the Rise of an Ancient Polity in the Southwest U.S. (2017)
Two dozen monumental buildings lie at the heart of Chaco Canyon, a UNESCO World Heritage site in the Southwest United States. However, ancient Chaco Canyon was not a single locality but a focal point for outlier settlements spanning a region of 60,000 square miles. The canyon-outlier relationship is key to understanding the Chacoan polity. Residents of canyon and outlier settlements within a dialectical relationship gathered periodically to share resources, marriage partners, and ritual...
Chacoan Heights at Aztec Ruins (2016)
At the Chacoan outlier of Aztec Ruins in northern New Mexico, the unexcavated Aztec North great house is located on top of a river terrace overlooking the broad Animas River valley. Down below, but out of sight from Aztec North, are two other great houses. The builders of these three great houses enmeshed them in a planned cultural landscape that reflects their cosmology and that intentionally reproduces a portion of the landscape at Chaco Canyon. Aztec North differs from its fellow great houses...
Changes in Land Use and Landscape in Twentieth-Century Chengdu Plain Survey Area (2023)
This is an abstract from the "The Chengdu Plain Archaeology Survey (2004–2011): Highlights from the Final Report" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Various available aerial imagery from the 1960s through 2000s allow for examination of changing ground surface conditions in the Chengdu Plain in recent decades. Surface conditions impact accessibility, visibility, and preservation of archaeological evidence of ancient human activity in the area. They...
Changing Courses, Changing Fortunes: An Historical And Archaeological Exploration Of A Mississippi River Boomtown (2018)
The nineteenth-century community of Warrenton, Mississippi, and its fortunes were inextricably linked to the changing courses of the Mississippi River. The town's position, only slightly higher than the river, provided an excellent steamboat landing for the import and export of goods, people, and ideas, but also made the town prone to flooding and disease. During Warrenton's vibrant occupation it was home to prominent residents including CSA President Jefferson Davis, shipped more cotton than...
Changing landscapes of the Paleolithic/Neolithic transition in Taiwan (2017)
Toward understanding the Paleolithic/Neolithic transition in Taiwan, a paleo-terrain approach allows reconstruction of the ancient landforms and habitats of where people lived. Those ancient contexts help for us to situate the activities of people using their landscapes in different ways at intervals of 7000, 6000, 5000, and 4000 years ago. This approach needs to account for significant change in tectonic movement of land masses, slope erosion and re-deposition patterns, fluctuating sea level,...
Chapter 6. Island Landscapes (1994)
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Chemists to Cowboys: Labour Identity in Corporate Agriculture in the San Emigdio Hills, California (2016)
In California at the turn of the 20th Century, large companies formed through lands speculation as a result of the land grant system and the dissolution of mission properties. The Kern County Land Company, based in Kern County California, had over 1.1 million acres across the American West, utilizing a varied labour force with the primary agriculture product of cattle. The varied properties were interlinked and employed a plethora of workers from chemists to cowboys. This paper aims to...
Chicanx in the Wilderness: Tree Graffiti and Perceptions of People and Place (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Chicanx Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper examines how historic and modern tree graffiti left by Chicanx and Latinx in Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico impact understanding both these peoples and the wild lands they inhabit/ed. Archaeologists have been at the forefront of countering ideas that graffiti is primarily a modern phenomena of urban decay with studies that bring forth concepts of...
Chronological Evidence of Material and Landscape Changes Associated with a Shift in Colonial Control at the Morne Patate Plantation, Dominica (2017)
Morne Patate Plantation in southern Dominica (occupied between the 1740s and 1950s) provides us with an opportunity to examine a setting that underwent major changes in social organization and economic engagements associated with the shift in colonial control of the island from the French to the British in 1763. This paper presents an overview of the chronology of the archaeological contexts at the site and changes in settlement organization. This material record provides evidence for discrete...
Colonialism and the 'Personality of Britain' (2016)
Where did ‘colonialism’ come from? Clearly, and at once, colonialism is a set of practices that can be traced back to the ancient and medieval worlds. However, also and at the same time, it is an analytical term which, if used loosely, holds the danger of uncritically back-projecting a 19th century model of colonial worlds into earlier centuries. How to map patterns of colonial practice before they were colonial? This paper tries to engage with this difficult issue through a comparative...
Community-Based Archaeology in the Bahamas: Linking Landscape and Memory (2018)
In 1871, the last owner of the Millars Plantation Estate on Eleuthera, Bahamas left a portion of the former plantation acreage to the descendants of her former slaves and servants. In the intervening 175 years since emancipation in the Bahamas and the 125 years since the property transferred to "generation land", south Eleuthera has experienced a series of economic transformations and demographic transitions. Despite these changes, the Millars descendant community maintains their connection to...
A Comparative Investigation of Plantation Spatial Organization on Two British Caribbean Sugar Estates (2013)
Tracing the relationship between the development of plantation landscapes and the people who interacted with, altered and maintained those landscapes provides a constructive approach to comparatively analyze slavery across divergent spatial and temporal contexts. The plantation system in Atlantic World contexts required that estate owners create a suite of strategies that maximized labor, time and space to make cash crop production profitable. To address this issue, this paper investigates two...
Comparing Ancient Human-Nature Reslationships at Tikal, Guatemala and Caracol, Belize (2016)
Gordon Willey wrote about the importance of settlement patterns, focusing on the ways that humans distributed themselves over the landscape. While his and other early researchers’ efforts incorporated built features, they did not really research or assess the impact of the human-nature relationship within a given landscape. Vern Scarborough’s work has helped to fill in this gap in the Maya area, particularly relating to Tikal, Guatemala and to northern Belize. This paper builds on Scarborough’s...
A Comparison of Urban and Rural Chinese Sites in Nevada (2017)
Nineteenth and twentieth century western mining landscapes were characterized by urban centers that served as hubs of economic and social activities and rural sites that provided the towns and cities with needed goods. Aurora, Nevada and Bodie, California were two prominent mining towns that were serviced by a multitude of rural sites, such as ranches, farms, and woodcutting camps. Chinese immigrants resided in both the urban and rural spaces. This paper compares and contrasts the archaeology of...
Conceptualizing Historic Households and Domestic Site Structure: My Early Conversations with Mary Beaudry (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "“Historical Archaeology with Canon on the Side, Please”: In Honor of Mary C. Beaudry (1950-2020)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In the spring of 1975, Mary Beaudry offered to accompany me to the annual meeting of the Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology held in those days at Bear Mountain State Park on the Hudson. I had been asked to give the plenary address on my dissertation project - The Mott...
Constructing Heritage for the Historic U-Lazy-S Ranch (2017)
Heritage as a cultural process is observed through three-layers: people, history, and landscapes. These layers are analyzed together to gain a holistic view of heritage construction at the historic U-Lazy-S Ranch located along the eastern edge of the Llano Estacado in northwestern Texas. This generational cattle ranch has been in operation for over 100 years. As ranching requires large tracts of land spread across the landscape, multiple sites must be examined and combined with documentary...
Constructing Privileged Landscapes In 19th Century Southern New England (2016)
Alix W. Stanley spent the early 20th century purchasing old family properties in the ‘Stanley Quarter’ section of New Britain, Connecticut. The properties, owned by Stanley family members from 1644 through the mid-18th century, provided his ancestors the ability to generate considerable wealth, some of which Alix’s father used to create the Stanley Tool and Die Company. In 1928, Stanley gifted the 360 acre patchwork, which included his mansion and historic Stanley family homes to the city for...
Constructing Space and Community within Landscapes of Slavery in Early 19th c. Jamaica (2016)
While household artifact analyses contribute a great deal to understanding the enslaved experience in the colonial Caribbean, where possible, landscape studies allow archaeologists to more completely reconstruct past built environments of slavery. Using a landscape approach, this paper investigates the use of space by the enslaved population at Marshall’s Pen, a 19th c. Jamaican coffee estate. Through landscape survey, we can better understand how enslaved men and women actively constructed...
Constructing the Borderzone: The Role of Positional Warfare and Natural Border Ideology on a 17th Century French Colonial Landscape (2018)
The majority of archaeological interpretations of French involvement in North America have not accounted for underlying European social constructs and ideologies. As archaeological investigations of the French In North America move away from recognized strongholds and expands through the greater French Atlantic World, a critical examination of the archaeological record through these constructs is vital. This paper examines one episode of 17th century expansionism along the Lake Champlain...
Contemporary Archaeologies of the Southwest (2011)
Organized by the theme of place and place-making in the Southwest, Contemporary Archaeologies of the Southwest emphasizes the method and theory for the study of radical changes in religion, settlement patterns, and material culture associated with population migration, colonialism, and climate change during the last 1,000 years. Chapters address place-making in Chaco Canyon, recent trends in landscape archaeology, the formation of identities, landscape boundaries, and the movement associated...