Europe (Geographic Keyword)
301-325 (1,158 Records)
Since 2008, we have been investigating botanical evidence for subsistence practices, economic organization, and environmental change at the Bronze Age site of Iklaina in southwestern Greece. The spatially intensive sampling strategy we have adopted—the first of its kind to be applied to a Mycenaean administrative center—promotes a high spatial resolution for the archaeobotanical dataset. As such, in addition to providing insights concerning changes in subsistence and land use during the Mycenaen...
The Diversity of the European Neolithic Transition (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The advent of the Neolithic period in Europe, as elsewhere globally, represents a powerful transformation in human history. In spite of important contributions, neither global explanations nor single-site-based case studies have so far led to a general model for the history (histories) of the transformation. This is what our new project intends to challenge....
Do Good Fences Make Good Neighbors? Pilot Osterøy Field Project (PILOST) and Redefining boundaries in Southwestern Norway (2017)
PILOST is an archaeological survey of southwestern parts of the Island of Osterøy, Norway, focusing on the changes in landscape enclosure (ideologies?) practices as well as settlement and burial patterns from the Neolithic through the Historic Periods in Southwestern Norway. This project examines a unique form of human landscape manipulation through time, taking different forms than those observed elsewhere in Scandinavia. The first field season of PILOST (Summer 2016) initiated extensive field...
Does phytolith analysis of archaeological soil thin sections account for archaeobotanical data? (2015)
Whilst phytoliths are plant microfossils, due to their formation process they differ markedly from any other plant remains. Consequently, their incorporation within archaeological deposits relies on specific taphonomical processes. It is here assumed the phytolith analysis of archaeological soil thin sections allows to document these processes and as such to discriminate between in- and exsitu phytoliths. However and accordingly to the context you consider, as such analysis do not involve any...
Does practice make perfect? Is it possible to read technological development in the actions and outputs of individual or group practitioners (2015)
No smelter of iron, industrial or pre-industrial, expends energy in gathering raw materials, designing, building and running a furnace without the intention of producing useable metallic iron at the end of the process. Therefore their work is ultimately driven by a success imperative. At a macro, cultural-scale technological development may be readily discernable through indicators such as material/alloy properties, artefact traits and production levels. However, change is brought about by...
Domestic space or burial space? Interrogating the Final Gravettian at the abri Pataud (2015)
The status and significance of the assemblage of human remains in the Final Gravettian of the Abri Pataud (level 2, 22 kya) had never really been broached during the excavations of H.L. Movius (1958, 1963). A three-pronged approach (archive analysis, study of old collections, and targeted excavation), started in 2005, allows us to propose a new interpretation of these remains as well the entirety of level 2. This study takes into account the natural configuration of the rock shelter, its...
Domestication of Food Plants in the Old World (1959)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Domestication of Pulses in the Old World (1973)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Downscaling in Archaeology: From digital forest to probable trees (2017)
Integrating archaeological and paleoenvironmental data about the past is a longstanding archaeological goal. It is often central to basic archaeological interpretation, fundamental to addressing questions of human-environment interaction, and vital to realizing archaeology’s potential contributions to studies of vulnerability, resilience, and sustainability in the face of climate change. However, such integration faces challenges of scale, resolution, and mechanism. Increasingly abundant digital...
The Dread of Something after Death: Ownership, Excavation and Identification of World War II Axis Combatants in Europe (2018)
Human remains possess an indexical quality that references once-living people. Human bone may also serve as a symbolic representation of larger ideas such as honor, vengeance or injustice. As such, human remains, as evidence of past criminal actions, have the ability to bring communities together, but also to tear them apart. In regard to the remains of soldiers who perished in the European theater during World War II (WWII), the presence of remains may serve to reinforce the perceived moral...
Dublin’s Bedford Asylum and the material legacy of the ‘Industrious Child’ (2016)
This paper will determine the extent to which the concept of ‘the child’ and ‘childhood’ was incorporated into the design of public institutions for the reception of children in the early-nineteenth century. The primary case study of this paper will be the Bedford Asylum for Industrious Children, a purpose built institution constructed adjacent to the North Dublin Union House of Industry in Ireland. Particular attention will be given to the frequent mention of the asylum in the records of the...
Dung Management in Medieval and Post-Medieval Brussels (Belgium) (2017)
During archaeological excavations in the center of Brussels (Belgium), often stratigraphic units containing dung – either omnivore-carnivore, including human, or herbivore – have been encountered. A multidisciplinary approach, comprising soil micromorphology, phytolith analysis and parasitology on soil thin sections, chemical analyses, including GC-MS and phosphorus measurements, was adopted to identify and characterize dung remains. In some cases dung was observed as part of the manure added to...
Dynamic Communities in Early Medieval Aquitaine: A GIS Analysis of Roman and Medieval Landscapes in the Vézère Valley, France (2016)
The transition from Roman to post-Roman Europe represents one of the sharpest breaks in the archaeological sequence of Europe. Over the past two decades, European archaeologists have increasingly argued for the necessity of a regional perspective to this transition. They argue against an interpretation that views the Roman-Medieval transition as a pan-European event, and instead, reframe the break as a series of localized events with independent chronologies and histories. Although...
Dynamic Households on the Irish Frontier: An Archaeology of the 18th -19th Century West Coast (2015)
This research explores colonial transformation of households and communities on the fringes of empire - the frontier. Often overlooked, these fluid spaces have revelatory potential regarding deeply situated cultural change and social dynamics in the face of catastrophic adjustment. This project focuses on the local processes as embodied by these individual households and rural communities on the coast of western Ireland in order to understand larger regional and national social and cultural...
The Dynamics of Small Things Remembered: Giving Voice to A Silenced Past (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "“Historical Archaeology with Canon on the Side, Please”: In Honor of Mary C. Beaudry (1950-2020)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Mary Beaudry’s impact on archaeology is immense and reaches all corners of the discipline. More than anything, it was her commitment to the individual and their ability to make meaningful choices throughout the course of everyday life. Ultimately, she created a dynamic landscape...
Earlier Stone Age Settlement of Scandinavia (1975)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
The Earliest Architectural Remains in Anatolia (2017)
The occupation of man has played an important role on cultural innovation; at the same time this process has always been a requirement of daily life for generation continuity. Since the start of human life history, choosing of places for occupation species has had different features. For example, the cave or rock shelters were preferred by Paleolithic man and they have hot style caves and/or shelters due to the period; this developed in Pleistocene climatologic conditions that were cold because...
Early Aurignacian Symbolic Technologies: Assessing the Relationship between Personal Ornaments and Coloring Materials in SW France (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Castel-Merle Valley (Dordogne, France) bears three of the most important Aurignacian (40-28 ka) sites: the Abris Blanchard, Castanet, and de la Souquette. Together, these sites offer strong evidence for the shifting social dynamics reflected in the period’s characteristic innovations. The best explored of this evidence are their atypically large and...
Early Balkan Village (1983)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Early cities or large villages?: settlement dynamics in the Trypillia group, Ukraine (2017)
During the 4th millennium BC a number of considerably big settlements have developed in the territory of modern Ukraine, thus constituting the biggest sites in Europe at that time. Mostly investigated only as single entities these "mega-sites" have never been considered thoroughly as part of the whole landscape of Trypillia settlements. Some scholars have argued that these could have been examples of early formed urban centres (aka "proto-cities"), others, instead, proposed that these were big...
Early farmers’ house and household. Interpreting a Bayesian chronology for the Anatolian and Central European Neolithic (2015)
Anatolian and Central European Neolithic reveal some striking parallels in social developments. Different communal arrangements appear to be predominant in the Early Neolithic and autonomous household occupying discrete residences and performing most domestic activities in the house became clearly bonded entity only towards the end of this period and beyond. Recently conducted Bayesian analysis of a large number of AMS radiocarbon dates from both areas allow the pace of changes of the domestic...
An early Gravettian point cache from Vale Boi: implications for the arrival of Anatomically Modern Humans to southern Iberia (2016)
During the 2014 and 2015 field season, we have excavated a new loci with an early Gravettian horizon in the Rock Shelter area of the site of Vale Boi, Southern Portugal. The loci is marked by a unique cache composed of close to 20 artifacts, most of which are pristine backed points in non-local chert. Due to typological characteristics, that includes points identical to those found in Pego do Diabo cave near Lisbon, and to those found in Vale Boi dated to 32.5 ka cal BP, as well as to the...
The Early Growth of the European Economy: Warriors and Peasants from the Seventh to the Twelfth Century (1974)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Early Holocene aridity and the first farmers of Europe (2015)
The spread of agriculture into Europe from its Near Eastern heartland was an important cultural event, the causes of which have been debated for many decades. DNA analyses are increasingly providing insights into the genetic inheritance of Europe's first farmers, yet the triggers for their initial migration remain elusive. The earliest agricultural sites in Europe appear to be those situated in coastal Greece, while more fertile inland areas, such as the Thracian Plain, were settled centuries to...
Early Holocene socio-ecological dynamics in the Iberian Peninsula: a network approach (2016)
Late Glacial and Early Holocene environmental changes affected different domains of human demography, settlement and subsistence patterns. The variable spatial patterning produced by the prehistoric hunter-gatherers archaeological record, from local bands to larger regional groups, demands new approaches for analysing the multi-scalar nature of human-environmental interactions. In this paper, we present the preliminary results of a long-term research program aimed to decipher the relationship...