USA (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
3,076-3,100 (34,700 Records)
Based on recent pedestrian survey of approximately 1,500 acres of BLM-managed land in the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument of southern Utah, this paper examines new evidence from 129 archaeological sites that demonstrates a deep settlement history as well as both expected and unexpected changes resulting from the so called "Kayenta Intrusion" of the Pueblo II period. The Jenny Clay study area is located in a broad alluvial valley surrounded by the Vermillion Cliffs, and contains...
Bed Load: An Archaeological Investigation of the Sediment Matrix at the H.L. Hunley Site (2016)
The study of site formation processes is an important part of understanding and reconstructing the sequence of events relating to a shipwreck. On 17 February 1864, the Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley sank, after detonating a torpedo below Union blockader USS Housatonic. It came to rest approximately four nautical miles off the coast of Charleston, South Carolina, in less than 10 m of water and was subsequently buried beneath roughly 1 m of sediment. By mapping the distribution of artifacts and...
Bed, Breakfast, and Alcohol: An examination of the Pend d’Oreille Hotel in Sandpoint, Idaho (2016)
Hotels are often overlooked when studying the settlement of the American Frontier, although they played a pivotal role in shaping the West. Frequently doubling as restaurants and taverns for locals and visitors alike hotels were established to accommodate the numerous settlers, travelers, salesmen and others who headed the call "Go West!" One such hotel, the Pend d’Oreille, in Sandpoint, Idaho is an example of an early nineteenth century hotel that offered accommodations, entertainment, food,...
Bedrock Mortars as an Indicator of Territorial Behavior in Late Holocene California (2017)
Bedrock mortars were an integral part of intensive acorn economies in Native California and are a prominent feature of the Late Holocene archaeological record. Construction of these milling features also indicates a strong investment in particular locations on the landscape. Ethnographic evidence suggests the importance of local acorn crops led to ownership and defense of property and resource rights in many areas. Human Behavioral Ecology offers a framework for examining the conditions that may...
Bedrock Mortars as Symbolic Features (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bedrock mortars are common features in various parts of the world, including western North America. They are most often viewed as food-processing facilities, and indeed there is ample historical evidence for this function, especially from California and parts of the Great Basin. However, there is also evidence that bedrock mortars, or similar features, were...
Beech Grove Soldiers Said They Were "Living Fat," And Archaeological Evidence Elaborates (2018)
The Confederate encampment at Beech Grove from December 5, 1861 to January 19, 1862 was under the command of Brig. Gen. Felix Zollicoffer, but came to a rapid halt following the defeat of Confederate forces on January 19, 1862, including the death of Gen. Zollicoffer, in the nearby Battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky. This defeat led to a rapid abandonment of Beech Grove, with many supplies left in place. We carried out unit and trench excavations in early April, 2017 at one earthwork and three...
The Beeline Archaeological Project (1990)
The Salt River Project (SRP) and Arizona Public Service Company (APS) constructed three transmission lines along a portion of the Beeline Highway on the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (SRPMIC). SRP proposed to build a new line that connects the Pinnacle Peak, Brandow, and Papago Buttes substations. At the same time, APS proposed to realign two existing transmission lines and move them out of the Salt River channel and onto the north terrace above the river. Prior to construction,...
Beer Bottles and Helmet Plumes: Military Consumerism at Fort Davis, Texas (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This paper investigates consumption patterns in the context of a 19th century U.S. military fort. Specifically, the authors discuss an assemblage recovered during a surface survey conducted on private property in Fort Davis, Texas. The sheet midden materials we are discussing were deposited by military personnel from the mid-1880s through the fort’s official abandonment in 1891....
Beer, Bologna, and Beaux-Esprits: A Legacy of John R. White (2018)
This paper discusses the public engagement of the late Dr. John R White through stories, observations, and news media. White, who passed away in 2009, had been an archaeologist at Youngstown State University, where he led excavations, gave interviews, and presented the past since 1971. For many residents of the Mahoning Valley, White was a fixture, often teaching archaeology to his students, then later their children, and finally the grandchildren over the course of four decades. Not content to...
The Beeswax Wreck Project: The First 10 Years. (2017)
The Beeswax Wreck Project is an all-volunteer, non-profit effort to identify and locate a proto-historic wreck locally known as the Beeswax Wreck of Nehalem, Oregon, USA. The results of the ten-year effort by a multi-disciplinary team are reported, including the identification of the vessel as the Manila galleon 'Santo Cristo de Burgos', lost in 1693. Remote sensing and dive survey efforts to locate hull deposits that could confirm the identity of the vessel will be discussed. Despite the lack...
Before and After (and After): Alteration, Abandonment, and Re-use of Industrial Plantation Housing (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper examines the multiple “afterlives” of quarters at Buffalo Forge, an antebellum iron plantation in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. While quarters were initially sited and constructed throughout the plantation to accommodate workers of different genders and work roles, Buffalo Forge’s cessation of iron operations in 1865 initiated new cycles of...
Before and After Mazama at the Billy Big Spring Site: Landscape Evolution during Altithermal Times and Reoccupation after the Eruption (2017)
How did the ash fall from the Mount Mazama eruption (7682–7584 cal. yr BP (Egan et al. 2015)) affect the people on the Northwestern Plains who experienced it? Data from 24GL304 (the Billy Big Spring Site) in northcentral Montana is used to investigate this question. Excavations conducted in 1952, 1954, 1971 by Thomas Kehoe and in 2016 by our team all found extensive Middle and Late Plains Archaic deposits, but in 2016 we discovered a ~10 cm thick layer of ash from this eruption. This poster...
Before the Emergence of the Modern World (2018)
Historical Archaeology, as properly defined, is the archaeology of the Modern World - plus or minus the last half millennium of human global evolution. Various inception dates have been suggested for the initiation of the processes that produced modernity:1415. 1453, 1481, 1492,1494, 1500, 1550 or even 1946. To fully understand the Modern World and its archaeology, its precursors and roots also need to be recognized. Techological diffusion spheres, interregional trade, continential movements of...
Before The War: A Japanese Family in Downtown San Luis Obispo, California (2018)
In 2016 ESA excavated a ceramic- and bottle-filled privy associated with the Kurokawa family. During the first half of the 20th century, the Kurokawas lived in Dowtown San Luis Obispo where they also operated a vegetable store. During this time they retained strong ties with their homeland. In 1942 the family was forced to give up their home and livelyhood and move to a Japanese internment camp. Artifacts from this deposit give a glimpse into their daily life prior to their internment.
Beginning a Career in Public Archaeology. (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Beginning a Career in Public Archaeology" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The focus of this symposium is on students and young professionals who are looking to start careers in "public archaeology." Public Archaeology can encompass engaging the public to share archaeological findings, participating in archaeological research, promote awareness and stewardship of archaeological resources, and providing education about...
The Beginning of the End - An Economic Impact Analysis on Late 19th-Century Charcoal Production in the Roberts Mountains of Eureka County, Nevada (2018)
During the late 19th-century, mining companies in Eureka, Nevada depended on a steady flow of charcoal to fuel their smelters. This charcoal was produced in the hills and mountain ranges surrounding Eureka by teams of woodcutters, laborers, and charcoal burners also referred to as the Carbonari. As the demand for fuel persisted, land around Eureka was deforested and charcoal production expanded into areas well-away from the smelters. By the mid-1880s the demand for charcoal began decreasing as a...
Behind the Bear's Ears: Climate and Culture in the Early Pueblo Era on Elk Ridge, Southeast Utah (2017)
The Pueblo I period was a time of tumultuous throughout the Four Corners region. Long regarded as an era of gradual transition, it is now recognized by most authors as a discrete and decisive turning point in North American prehistory. While this topic has been studied extensively in the central Mesa Verde area of southwestern Colorado, very little formal research has occurred for the early Pueblo era in southeast Utah. The high uplands area of Elk Ridge contains probably the greatest...
Behind the Scenes of Hollywood: The Intersectionality of Gender, Whiteness, and Reproductive Health (2017)
In ongoing research at Hollywood Plantation, a 19th century rural plantation in southeastern Arkansas, intersectionality, with its roots in Black feminist theory, plays two roles. It is an analytical tool for uncovering intersecting power relations, such as gender, whiteness, and reproductive health, as they emerged in the late 19th century. As patent medicines were increasingly marketed to women, medicine bottles provide a lens into rural upper class white women’s healing practices and the ways...
Behind the Scenes--Geology of the Site: Full report on the geoarchaeological data and research objectives (1998)
Stafford presents in this document an argument for additional testing, in this case archaeological excavations of the area of the Columbia River floodplain immediately adjacent to where the remains of Kennewick Man were discovered. He and others submitted, on August 26, 1997, an application to the Walla Walla District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for an ARPA permit to authorize study of the site where the Kennewick Man skeleton was found (hereafter, the "Site"). The permit application...
Being and Becoming: Learning, Skill, and Cognition as Exhibited on Painted White Ware Pottery at Sand Canyon Pueblo (5MT765), a Pueblo III Era Community Center in Southwestern Colorado (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper reports on the presenter's master's thesis research which examined painted white ware vessels from the Sand Canyon Pueblo site using an adapted 18-point attribute analysis developed by Patricia Crown for determining the age and skill level of producers of painted designs of pre-Hispanic southwestern ceramics. The thesis attempted to understand...
Being the Only One: An Ethnographic Study of Black Women Archaeologists (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Gender Revolutions: Disrupting Heteronormative Practices and Epistemologies" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The application of a Black feminist theoretical lens to the field of archaeology has produced a site to discuss how race, gender, and other identities impact how archaeological research is done. This paper is concerned with the experiences of three Black women archaeologists in the United States....
Bell-shaped Pits in the American Southwest (2017)
Bell-shaped storage pits are a global phenomenon, and most (but not all) of these features were used for grain storage. Native Southwesterners’ use of bell-shaped pits began well back in pre-ceramic times. Both highly mobile hunter-gatherers and less mobile farmers dug and used them, and in a very general sense storage pit sizes track variation in settlement-subsistence patterns. Specifically, mobile hunter-gatherers dispersed small caches throughout their foraging ranges. This was a sort of...
Belle Chance: A Commander's Haven (2001)
The history of Belle Chance and the land it inhabits from the mid-late 1800s to the time of the document's creation in 2001.
Bellevue Housing Complex, Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling, Washington, DC (2010.064)
This project contains resources related to investigations during phase I and II investigations at Bellevue Housing Complex on Join Base Anacostia-Bolling, Washington, D.C - near site 51SW7. This project contains the following resources: artifact catalog, photograph log, excavation photographs, site report.
Belted Range Site Reports (1979)
Combined site reports for Belted Range.