North America: Southeast United States (Geographic Keyword)
126-150 (475 Records)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Lower Mississippi Delta is one of the most dynamic geological landscapes in world, experiencing a complex mix of alluvial sedimentation and coastal erosion. Additionally, both historic and prehistoric human populations have been drawn to this region by virtue of the extreme productivity of the estuarine environments created by the interactions between...
Evaluating Dietary Change: Adaptive Strategies within the Northern Everglades and Surrounding Areas (2018)
Throughout the past several millennia South Florida has been subject to profound environmental changes. As such, by examining paleoenvironmental change on seasonal and climatic scales, we can further understand this unique environment and infer how it has shaped human and animal histories of the past. This work will be carried out by employing broad spectrum ecological theories which shall provide the necessary framework to understand past resource scheduling, seasonal mobility patterns, and...
An Evaluation of the Relations between Morphology and Thermal Properties among Poverty Point Objects (PPOs) of the American Southeast (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Poverty Point Objects (PPOs) are thought to have functions related to contexts of heating and cooking in areas where stone alternatives are not locally available. PPO morphology and composition, therefore, may potentially be explained by the efforts of prehistoric populations to manipulate thermal properties that impact performance for cooking and heating. In...
Evidence of Mid-Holocene Environmental Change at the Submerged Archaeological Site, Manasota Key Offshore, Florida (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Liquid Landscapes: Recent Developments in Submerged Landscape Archaeology" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Manasota Key Offshore (MKO) site is submerged under the gulf of Mexico off the shore of Manasota Key, Florida. This site, which was occupied over 7,000 years ago, provides a unique opportunity to investigate the effects of early Holocene environmental change on hunter-gatherers, particularly relating to...
Examining the Subsistence and Social Landscapes of the Late Precontact Occupations at the Topper Site (38AL23), Allendale, South Carolina (2018)
The Late Woodland to Early Mississippian transition within the Atlantic Coastal Plain is characterized by widespread and dynamic changes from more dispersed and politically decentralized organizational practices into highly centralized, stratified, and complex sociopolitical organization. This period also experiences changes in both hunting technologies and horticultural food production. The timing of the linkages among these developments are not well established locally, something that this...
Excavation of a Burned Middle Mississippian House at the Cummings Site, Bartow County, Georgia (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent investigations by Kennesaw State University Field Schools completely excavated a 13th century residential structure at the Cummings site, a small community two kilometers downriver from the Etowah site. Dating to the Early Wilbanks phase (AD 1250-1325), that newly established community was part of the return of people to Etowah and the site’s ascent...
Explaining Shifts in Dalton Paleoindian Adaptations at the End of the Pleistocene through Usewear and Technological Organization Analyses (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the Late Paleoindian period in North America approximately 12,000 years ago, Dalton hunter-gatherers substantially altered their hunting technology by modifying their point blades with teeth-like serrations and bevels. The functions of these attributes have been the focus of a long-held debate. Some argue that the variation relates to use as knives and...
Exploring Perforated Earspools of the Arkansas River Valley (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Earspools dating from the Mississippi Period are found throughout the Southeast region of North America. Some of these artifacts were recovered from sites in the Arkansas and Red River Valley regions, and share similarities with those from other Mississippian sites in form, material type, size, and decorative motifs. The variability suggests that not all...
Exploring the Unexpected Early Woodland Occupation at Smith Creek, Wilkinson County, Mississippi (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Smith Creek (22Wk526) is a multi-component Native American mound site in the Natchez Bluffs region of the Lower Mississippi Valley. Surface collections and excavations from 2013–2016 clearly demonstrated a dense Mississippian (AD 1200–1500) occupation at the site and suggested a Late Woodland (AD 750–1200) date for the construction of the mounds. However,...
Exploring the Use of 3D Technologies, Virtual Reality, and Immersive Media in Public Archaeology to Advance Awareness of Material Culture across Social Media Platforms (2018)
With the increasing issues surrounding access to remote sites, record low attendance of traditional museum settings, and trends involving greater interaction with social media platforms among upcoming generations, this poster presentation attempts to explore the use of 3D technologies, virtual reality (VR), and immersive media in Public Archaeology to advance awareness of material culture across social media platforms. These methods provide the ability to disseminate content to the public en...
A Fabric and Spatial Analyses of the Artifacts Recovered from the Ryan-Harley Paleoindian Site (8JE1004) in North Florida (2018)
The Ryan-Harley site (8JE1004) is a Suwannee point site located in North Florida along the Wacissa River. Ryan-Harley is significant because it is the only archaeological site in the Southeast United States where diagnostic Suwannee material has been recovered in-situ within a discrete geological layer through extensive excavations. A broad faunal assemblage interpreted as dietary remains was also recovered from the same stratigraphic layer as the Suwannee material. Taxa identified include...
Farming, Warfare, Drought, and Soil Fertility in the Mississippian Central Illinois River Valley: Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes on Maize Kernels from Five Sites Spanning Two Centuries (2018)
We report on carbon and nitrogen isotope results from a total of 60 maize kernels from five sequentially-occupied sites in the Central Illinois River Valley that span the Mississippian period (AD 1100-1300). The sites span: (1) the onset of and intensification of warfare in the region; and (2) a long period of drought that eventually gave way to wetter conditions during the last 50 years of the sequence. C13 and N15 isotope values from these maize kernels provide independent support for the...
Faunal Data from Apalachicola (1RU18, 1RU27) (2014)
An Excel spreadsheet containing the zooarchaeological data from Apalachicola (1RU18 & 1RU27), part of the Apalachicola Ecosystems Project. The first tab contains the primary zooarchaeological data, the second tab contains the weights, and the third tab contains a pivot table which shows the total combined weight for each taxon identification.
Faunal Data from Spanish Fort (1RU101) (2014)
An Excel spreadsheet containing the zooarchaeological data from Spanish Fort (1RU101), part of the Apalachicola Ecosystems Project. The first tab contains the primary zooarchaeological data, the second tab contains the weights.
Faunal Exploitation Practices at Three Malabar Period Sites in the Fox Lake Sanctuary in Brevard County, Florida (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Three Malabar Period Sites, Hunter’s Camp (8BR2508), Palm Hammock (8BR2509), and Xavier’s Knoll (8BR2510), were excavated in the Fox Lake Sanctuary in Brevard County, Florida. Faunal assemblages recovered from general excavation units and features were examined to learn more about Malabar faunal exploitation strategies and subsistence patterns. Sampling...
Faunal Identification Using 3D Scanning (2018)
Recent developments in 3D scanning and printing are increasingly being used in zooarchaeology. Our research takes the use of 3D technology further by attempting to develop a method that will enable the identification of bones based on 3D scans. This exploratory approach uses a series of standardized measurements on 3D scans of key skeletal elements to determine the statistical probability for the best fit of an unknown bone to known comparative materials. An example of this approach is shown in...
Faunal Remains from the Apalachicola Ecosystems Project (2014)
This report presents the results of zooarchaeological analysis of faunal specimens recovered from two sites (1RU18 and 1RU27) excavated as part of a multidisciplinary NSF-funded Collaborative Research Project titled the “Apalachicola Ecosystems Project”, as well a reanalysis of a zooarchaeological assemblage from the nearby site of Spanish Fort. Report prepared for the National Science Foundation (Award # BCS-1026308).
Feasting and Social Integration: Connecting Faunal Use and Consumption from the Nuclear Core of a Mississippian Site (Singer-Moye 9SW2) (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Stability and Resilience in Zooarchaeology" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Food is not only a means of nutrition and nourishment but also a way to bring people together, share experiences, and create memories. Some of the ways food is most noted is through special events or circumstances when large meals or atypical foods are used to bring groups of people together. Feasts, however, can serve many purposes. It is not...
Feeding New Orleans: Where's The Pork? (2018)
In 2014 R. Christopher Goodwin& Associates, Inc., completed the analysis of the faunal remains from archaeological data recovery at the Colton School site (16OR562), Orleans Parish, Louisiana. Analysis of faunal remains from the site revealed a propensity for beef rather than pork, a finding that contrasts Sam Bowers Hilliard’s statement on eating trends in the American South ca. 1860 as presented in his 1972 book Hog Meat and Hoecake. This article presents the result of this analysis and the...
Filling in the Map: Object-Based Image Analysis and Its Potential for Shell Ring Identification on Hilton Head Island, SC (2018)
As a resource, the archaeological record is finite and remains largely incomplete. Within the context of Southeastern American archaeology, the incompleteness of the record can be seen in the study of shell rings. Many unidentified shell rings exist in the archaeological record, and their detection remains difficult – even with remote sensing techniques – due to the fact that many are located under heavily forested canopies. However, with the use of object-based image analysis (OBIA), such...
Finding Lost Souls: Mapping and Preserving Historic African American Gravesites in Western North Carolina Using Human Remains Detection Canines and Ground-Penetrating Radar (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Canine Resources for the Archaeologist" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Throughout the American South, it is not uncommon for historical African American cemeteries and burial sites to possess little to no written records, complicating preservation efforts. Since 2010, researchers and students at Western Carolina University, in cooperation with Martin Archaeology Consulting, have utilized human remains detection (HRD)...
Fire on the Mountain: Colonizing South Appalachia in the Early Holocene (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Fifty Years of Fretwell and Lucas: Archaeological Applications of Ideal Distribution Models" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We use the Ideal Free Distribution from Behavioral Ecology as a null model to interpret the distribution of previously recorded archaeological sites in the Tennessee and Duck River Valleys in central Tennessee from the appearance of Clovis sites in the terminal Pleistocene though the Early...
Fire on the Waterfront: The Archaeology of an 1800s Storefront in Apalachicola, Florida (2018)
In the 1840s, Florida was a large part of the trade and shipping networks of the Southeast United States. The Gulf coastal town of Apalachicola became the third largest port in Florida. This poster presents the archaeological evidence of a storefront located along Water Street in Apalachicola, Florida, built in 1837 and burned in 1844. The entire market place comprised of stores, clerk offices, and cotton warehouses, with this particular property (8FR1318) being B.S. Hawley’s store. Nineteenth-...
First Foragers on the Upper Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee: Transitional Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Lithic Technology at Rock Creek Mortar Shelter (40Pt209) (2018)
We analyze lithic flaking debris from transitional terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene layers at Rock Creek Mortar Shelter, a multicomponent site on the Upper Cumberland Plateau (UCP), Pickett County, Tennessee. Blades, blade-like flakes, and two blade core fragments are among the lithics recovered from these contexts. Because these transitional-looking assemblages were recovered from early Holocene contexts, we believe they potentially represent groups of early Archaic peoples who were...
A Fishy Study on Site Aggregation and Construction at Florida’s Crystal River (8CI1) and Roberts Island (8CI40 and 41) Sites (2018)
Fishing economies are often described as a principal form of subsistence for prehistoric Florida communities. However, seasonality analyses on fish remains, which have the potential to reveal patterns pertaining to population aggregations and the pace of construction projects, are generally underutilized. This research uses marginal increment analysis of otoliths (fish ear-stones) to investigate whether seasonal deposition events were taking place at two Woodland period sites: the Crystal River...