Europe (Geographic Keyword)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Naglak. Parrish Wright.

Debate concerning the development and origins of the Roman kinship group known as the gens has a long and contentious history. Theses questions, however, necessarily move beyond the primary textual evidence, the standard resource for such studies. Different heuristic models must be utilized to take advantage of all available data, whether it be textual, archaeological, or via ethnographic comparison. I propose the concept of a "house society" as developed by Lévi-Strauss and taken up by numerous...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hilary Becker.

Pigments were used to decorate both wealthy and common houses in ancient Rome but the mechanisms by which raw pigments were collected, traded, and sold have never been studied. A network developed to facilitate the importation of pigments from across a wide expanse of the Roman empire. While the ochres present in a shop in Rome might be locally and regionally sourced, the presence of pigments like madder lake or cinnabar are the result of long chains of commercial transactions, which served to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Barbara Voytek.

ROMANCING THE STONES: ANALYSES OF THE CHIPPED STONE FROM THE TISZA CULTURE SITE OF HÓDMEZŐVÁSÁRHELY-GORZSA, HUNGARY The chipped stone tools from the Gorzsa tell in southeast Hungary have been studied over a period of 15 years with effectively five study seasons (1999, 2000, 2001, 2011 and 2012). A total of over 3,000 chipped stone artefacts were examined in terms of raw material, technology, and microscopic evidence of use, during a study which took place at the Mora Ference Museum in Szeged....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth De Marigny.

The Civitatis of Bagunte is a fortified hilltop settlement inhabited by the Castro Culture people from the late Bronze Age to the Roman period. Ceramic artifacts from the Iron Age and Roman periods have dominated the assemblages found at Bagunte over the last five excavation seasons. My graduate research focuses on a question of broad implications for economic anthropology and social archaeology: How does colonization affect patterns of indigenous production before and after imperial expansion,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Darío Bernal-Casasola.

Over the past 10 years, bones from whales and other marine mammals have been uncovered from archaeological excavations of Roman cities around the Straits of Gibraltar (Baetica and Mauritania Tingitana coasts). The high frequency of archaeozoological remains and their location within fish-preserving contexts (cetariae) has suggested the active exploitation of cetaceans throughout the Roman Imperial period (II BC - V AD). This paper reviews the evidence from Baelo Claudia, Iulia Traducta, Septem...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mirjana Stevanovic.

My contribution to this session will be a personal account of a long-term professional relationship with Ruth as a student and colleague. Ruth and I began the collaboration in the Former Yugoslavia, a country that ceased to exist, and continued with projects in Israel, Bulgaria, and Turkey. Together we were learning the local archaeological practices and were developing our own. Each of us brought something to this process of learning: she - her anthropological interpretation of the material...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Virginia Lucas. Claira Ralston. Anna Osterholtz. Andre Gonciar. Angelica Balos.

The Magura Uroiului rock formation, located at the confluence of the Mures and Strei Valleys, is a natural, dominating fortress on the landscape. This rock formation has been utilized by groups including, the Hallstatt, Celtic, and Late Iron Age Dacian. The focus of this presentation is the First Iron Age mortuary monument located at the base of the rock face. This monument yielded both human and animal remains, with primary and secondary burial practices of the human remains occurring. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elise Alonzi. Ryan Lash. Terry O'Hagan. Anne Wildenhain. Ian Kuijt.

Many medieval and early modern villages and abbeys in County Galway, Ireland are situated directly on the coast. This study seeks to understand the pathways that marine resources follow as they enter diets of religious and lay Irish populations by using isotopic, ethnographic, and historical evidence. The isotopic portion of this study elucidates how marine-derived isotopes cycle through the coastal Irish landscape and are included in the diet. Ecological sampling on the Atlantic island,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only M. A. Brown. A. E. Blin-Stoyle.

This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Frank Feeley. Lilja Pálsdóttir.

Since it's discovery in 2008, archaeologists have been performing rescue excavations at the site of Gufuskálar in Western Iceland. During the Medieval Era this site was home to one of the largest commercial fishing operations in Iceland at that time. Little is known about these early commercial ventures and most of these early fishing stations have been destroyed by later episodes of town-building. Gufuskálar is one of the best preserved examples of a medieval fishing station but, as with many...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole Rose.

A key theme in both archaeological and historical research of the Eurasian steppe has been the practice of pastoral nomadism. Researchers have particularly focused on issues of mobility within this economic strategy. Perhaps due to academic preoccupation with origins and the attractiveness of both grand-narratives and historical analogy, large scale migration has received a lot of academic and popular attention. However, pastoral nomadism as an economic strategy often only employs small-scale...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Piotr Wojtal. Jaroslaw Wilczynski.

The Gravettian technocomplex arose about 30,000 years ago and expanded into nearly all of Europe during the next millennia. The most distinctive features of the individual stages of Gravettian cultures are backed bladelets, shouldered points, and zoomorphic and anthropomorphic art objects. Complex early Gravettian sites are found in South Moravia (Czech Republic), dated about 27-25,000 BP. Pavlov I and Dolní Vĕstonice I and II are long-term open-air campsites. Gravettian sites of a later phase...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrea Dolfini.

According to Kristian Kristiansen, archaeology is now undergoing a major paradigm-shifting phase akin to the ones that defined the discipline in the mid-1800s and mid-1900s. He dubbed it ‘the third science revolution’, for fast-developing scientific methods, chiefly A-DNA and stable isotope analyses, sit at the core of the current changes. Arguably, similar if less visible changes are occurring in material culture studies. These are fostered by the marrying of new theoretical approaches (e.g....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zuzana Chovanec.

The role of organic residue analysis in archaeological research has shifted from an intermittent side project of interested analytical specialists to becoming standard components of an archaeological research program with a growing number of archaeologists being trained in both excavation and analytical instrumentation. Such developments within the field of archaeology not only highlight the benefits of applying a range of scientific techniques, but also expand the scope of archaeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tom Dawson.

In Scotland, there is a long tradition of archaeologists working at sites threatened by coastal erosion. Government Agency, Historic Scotland, has sponsored a series of coastal surveys in order to locate sites; and the SCAPE Trust has worked with national and local heritage bodies to prioritize action and produce an interactive ‘Sites at Risk’ map from the data. The map includes sites of all periods and site types, many of which contain a wealth of palaeoenvironmental data. The coast is a highly...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Vera Aldeias.

Cabeço da Amoreira is a long-known Mesolithic shell midden located in the shores of the Muge River in Portugal. Like in similar midden contexts, sedimentation is greatly influenced by anthropic inputs associated with an intensive exploitation of marine and estuarine resources. The abundance of shell-fish refuses favors an intricate and laterally variable stratigraphic succession of layers and lenses, which result in an extensive artificial mound. The complex stratigraphy of shell midden sites...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tamas Polanyi.

Elites and the deconstruction of elite-centered perspectives of past societies have long been at the focus of archaeological approaches. In European Bronze Age research there is a revitalized interest in reconnecting diverse regions and understanding them as parts of an abstract pan-European ideological system - the warrior ethos. The primary theoretical vehicle employed in this endeavor, institutional analysis of synchronic societies, draws our attention to social and political structures...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brian Hayden.

Caves have been recognized as important prehistoric ritual sites for well over a century. Yet, archaeological discussion of the rituals conducted in caves has rarely gone beyond the platitudes that they were locations for contacting the spirits, invoking powers of fertility, or burying the dead. This paper attempts to place the ritual uses of many caves in a more specific ritual context by documenting the ethnographic ritual use of caves by secret society members and relating this to some...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Trond Meling.

The red deer is one of the most common motifs at several Late Mesolithic rock carving sites along the coast of southern Norway. It is assumed that this animal was both an important food resource as well as an object of rituals and religious beliefs during this period. The focus of this paper will be to examine how the red deer appears in different contexts at settlement sites during the Stone Age, and to explore how these contexts reflect diverse activities, including rituals and ceremonies. Our...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John C. Chapman. Robert S. Shiel. Sims Batovic.

This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.

DOCUMENT Citation Only John L. Bintliff.

This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Grace Erny.

The collapse of the Mycenaean palatial centers at the end of the Late Bronze Age (circa 1190 BCE) and the nature of society in the ensuing "Dark Age" or Early Iron Age have long been important topics in the study of prehistoric Greece. The centuries after the collapse were characterized by a seeming decrease in population, changing patterns of settlement, less political centralization, a decline in trans-Mediterranean trade and the production of luxury goods, and the disappearance of the Linear...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rudolf Cesaretti.

From an archaeological perspective, the settlements of Late Medieval Europe lie far to one end of the social complexity spectrum. But from a modern perspective, they are decidedly ancient. Without the institutions and technologies of modern capitalism or the industrial revolution, Late Medieval settlements are commonly characterized as unproductive consumers within dynamic agrarian economies. Both economists and historians have assumed that the benefits of urban agglomeration economies – their...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Hanson.

In the last decade, there has been increasing interest in using urbanism as a means of investigating the economy of the Greek and Roman world. The most recent research on the relationship between urbanization and economic growth suggests that the correlation between them is not as straightforward as once thought. There is a growing corpus of theory, however, that suggests that modern settlements act as ‘social reactors’, which increase the number of opportunities for interactions between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Francesca Cadeddu.

In this paper, we provide a remote sensing approach for the analysis of the settlement patterns of the Nuragic civilization, using data from Landsat 7 ETM+ in a sample area of Sardinia (Gallura). By evaluating archaeological and geological data through remote sensing imagery, we outline a territorial characterization to identify patterns in the settlement choices of the Bronze Age communities, through the use of Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Statistical Analysis. The applied method...