Europe (Geographic Keyword)
601-625 (1,217 Records)
In the summer of 2013 a thin piece of slate with peculiar, jagged grooves was recovered from the excavation of the Buzzart Dykes medieval park landscape in the council area of Perth and Kinross, Scotland. Unclear whether the grooves were natural or anthropogenic we employed a new method of examination, known as "reverse microwear analysis," to understand what material made the scratches. A series of experiments were conducted where slate pieces were incised using a variety of different stone and...
The Kambos project. Remote sensing applications and archaeological approaches for the reconstruction of the disappeared cultural record of the Western Thessalian plain. (2017)
The Thessalian Plain has been at the fore of Neolithic research in Greece and Europe since early 20th century exploration in the area which documented an intensively occupied landscape during both Prehistoric and Historical periods. Despite the Thessalian Plain's potential for archaeological research, western Thessaly has provided scarce evidence of occupation. This might be related to the extensive modifications it has been subjected to during the last 45 years. These have rendered the Western...
Key human-animal interactions in Neolithic Southeastern Europe: new faunal evidence from Bulgaria (2016)
Southeastern Europe has always played an important role in the story of the spread of Neolithic lifeways from the Near East into Europe. At times it has been seen as a bridge, barrier, or mosaic (Tringham 2000). As essential components of the "Neolithic Package", animals have been critical to the telling of this story. The availability of zooarchaeological data for the Neolithic in southeastern Europe has been uneven over the years, with some countries enjoying more coverage than others....
Knowledge Beyond the Sea: Dissemination of Shipbuilding Knowledge and Shipwrights Communities of Practice in the Atlantic World (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Sal, Bacalhau e Açúcar : Trade, Mobility, Circular Navigation and Foodways in the Atlantic World", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Beyond the distribution of goods and the mobility of individuals, trading networks also involve the dissemination of knowledge and ideas, both through passive and active processes. Because ships were central to these networks, shipwrights participated in this intellectual...
Ksagounaki, Diros: an Open Air Site of the Final Neolithic from the Viewpoint of Chipped Stone Tools. (2016)
The Final Neolithic Period (FN) in the Aegean and the Greek mainland is characterized by the proliferation of settlements and the occupation of defensible sites. The Ksagounaki site, located at the northern entrance of the Alepotrypa cave at the Mani peninsula, appears to be a representative example of such a transition. In the present study we try and locate changes occurring in the entire spectrum of prehistoric life of the denizens of the site during the FN, drawing information from the...
A Lacustrine Revolution: Adaptive Shifts in the Late- and Postglacial of South Central Europe (2015)
The environmental changes in Europe at the end of the last ice age had profound effects on human populations. One of these changes, the development of numerous lakes in the region north of the Alps, created new habitats and niches that were rapidly exploited, with significant effects on many aspects of behavior. The record of environmental and archaeological changes in Switzerland and southern Germany are examined with an emphasis on subsistence, technology, and land use. SAA 2015 abstracts...
Lake Dwellings of Switzerland and Other Parts of Europe (1866)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Landholdings and Social Standing: landuse in the territory of Bova, Calabria in the early 1800s (2017)
Spatial analysis of landuse data from Napoleonic era Cadastral records provides a window into the social and economic status of individuals in the town of Bova (Calabria, Italy) during the Post-Medieval period. Using GIS to explore the cadastral records and archaeological evidence from field survey conducted by the Bova Marina Archaeological Project, this study explores how economic strategies and social relations in this community located in the foothills of the Aspromonte is reflected in the...
Landscape and Plant Use in High Albania: New Results from the Late Neolithic to Iron Age at Gajtan and Zagorës (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. From 2013 – 2015, the Projekti Arkeologjik i Shkodrës (PASH) conducted a regional surface survey and targeted excavation at several settlement and tumulus sites in the Shkodër province of northern Albania. Two of these settlement sites, Gajtan and Zagorës, are fortified hilltop sites that preserved intact deposits with well-preserved macrobotanical remains...
Landscape Archaeology, Watermills and Hydrotechnology on a Greek Island (2016)
A striking feature of the Greek island of Andros's human landscape is the extremely large number of watermills that operated on the island in the recent past. By one estimate, there were on the island, whose territory is only 380 sq km, more than 270 watermills in operation during the last century. Today there are none and not a single ravine on the island has sufficient water flow to power even a single mill. To reconstruct the social, economic, and environmental history of mills on the island,...
A "Landscape of Ancestors"—Looking Back and Thinking Forward (2016)
In 2002, we completed the excavation of two early Iron Age burial monuments in southwestern Germany as part of the “Landscape of Ancestors” project. After more than a decade of restoration and laboratory analysis, the project is now being prepared for publication. Our research is focused on a complex mortuary landscape from 720 to 400 B.C. and our perspectives on that landscape have been substantially influenced by ideas of landscape, time, and society that we absorbed as graduate students from...
Landscape reconstruction at the Black Sea cost (2017)
Landscapes are subject to ongoing geological transformation which change, hide or even destroy for their part anthropogenic remains. The reconstruction of historic landscapes as well as the causes of their changes is subject of geoarchaeology. A noteworthy example for a reconstruction of the historical landscape of a whole region is demonstrated by an interdisciplinary and international project on the South Russian Taman peninsula in the North Pontus. The new insights that were made by...
Landscape-scale survey at the Brú na Bóinne World Heritage Site, Ireland (2015)
The Brú na Bóinne World Heritage Site in Ireland is one of Europe's most significant Neolithic landscapes, and has been the focus of significant effort as regards remote sensing for the last 20 years. Until recently this focused on relatively low-resolution lidar survey and small-scale geophysical prospection, often 'monument-centric' in approach. In 2014 much higher resolution lidar data were obtained for part of the WHS alongside the first landscape-scale geomagnetic surveys within the area,...
The Langobards in Italy: A Bioarchaeological Analysis of the Seventh-Century A.D. Necropolis of Sovizzo in Vicenza, Italy (2017)
The Romans and Byzantines in Veneto (northeast Italy), experienced invasions from a Germanic tribal group, the Langobards, in AD 567, with occupations lasting until the 8th century AD; however, Langobard diet and health are largely unknown during this period of transition. Information on Langobard diet and health is pertinent to understanding the political, economic, and social changes that occurred during the Langobard arrival and subsequent occupation. To address these questions, we focused on...
Lapa do Picareiro and the Gravettian-Solutrean Transition: Refining the Chronology of the Solutrean Techno-complex in Western Iberia. (2017)
The Solutrean techno-complex, traditionally divided into three broad temporal phases, has been an area of great interest for those studying human adaptations during the Upper Paleolithic, specifically the Last Glacial Maximum. Distinguishing more discrete phases of the Solutrean period is hampered by the lack of adequate radiocarbon dates from secured contexts. Currently, Solutrean stratigraphic information relies mostly on older excavations that produced lower resolution data. This paper...
Large-Scale Analyses Show Flexible Paths of Aurignacian Lithic Production at Vogelherd Cave in Lone Valley (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Examining Spatial-Temporal Variation in the Lithic Technology of the Early Upper Paleolithic" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Aurignacian marks the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic in southern Germany. During this time blade and bladelet production became the central focus of the stone knapping. Lithic technology of the Swabian Aurignacian is nowhere better documented than at Vogelherd. Here Riek’s original...
Large-scale Socioecological Transformation: The Effects of Subsistence Change on Holocene Vegetation Across Europe (2018)
During the early and middle Holocene, the introduction of agropastoral subsistence to Europe resulted in significant social and economic transformations. For decades, researchers have recognized that early agricultural communities had an ecological impact on the surrounding landscapes. As a whole, paleoecological records indicate increases in charcoal abundance and changes in vegetation communities’ distribution or diversity related to Neolithic agricultural land clearing, burning, or pastoral...
The Last Great Escape: Recovery of 1st Lt. Ewart Sconiers, an American World War II Bombardier Imprisoned at the Stalag Luft III POW Camp (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Applying the Power of Partnerships to the Search for America's Missing in Action" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Like many recoveries, locating 1st Lt. Ewart Sconiers required research, persistence, and good old-fashioned luck. While imprisoned at the Stalag Luft III POW camp in German-occupied Poland, complications from an injury sent Sconiers to a hospital in a neighboring town—where he died. His burial occurred in...
Late Bronze Age in the North Caucasus – Shaping a new culture for a new millennium (2017)
After more than one millennium of mobile pastoral lifeways, the mid-2nd millennium BC witnessed the reappearance of village-based life in an area stretching from the Black Sea, across Caucasia to Anatolia and North Western Iran. Its manifestation is the emergence of stone-built dwellings clustered in small or middle-sized settlements. Concurrently, the transformation of the 3rd millennium BC mobile pastoralism into combined mountain agriculture allowed retaining a pastoral economy in spite of a...
The Late Bronze Age Theran Eruption: A Spatial Analysis Study of Permanent Abandonment Processes (2015)
Societies have been responding to natural disasters through evacuation and abandonment for all of human history. The same forces of nature continue to threaten human societies today and trigger many of the same responses. By engaging in cross-cultural comparisons, a pattern of responses may be articulated, directed towards answering such questions as: how far do people flee? For temporary evacuation, do they stay in existing settlements or build impermanent refugee camps? If evacuation is...
Late Glacial to middle Holocene demographic dynamics in Iberia: a chronological modeling approach (2017)
This paper presents the preliminary results of the research project MULTI-SCALARDEM and our current work in the context of a new ERC supported project: PALEODEM. Both projects aim to reconstruct the population history of the Iberian Peninsula from the Late Magdalenian to the Late Mesolithic (c.16,000-8,000 cal BP), a time framework of major cultural and socio-economic adaptations to climatic and environmental change. For this presentation, we will focus on the analysis of the radiocarbon record...
Late Magdalenian Lithic Technology at Lapa do Picareiro, Central Portugal (2017)
Lapa do Picareiro, a cave located in Portuguese Estremadura, contains continuous deposits dated to the Late Pleistocene. As one of the highest elevation Upper Paleolithic sites currently known in Portugal, questions are raised about the function of the site during this time. The high resolution data sets generated from the ongoing excavation allow for various types of analysis to help shed light on a broader understanding of the site’s function. This poster presents a comprehensive analysis of...
Late Mousterian Industrial Variability in Southwestern France: A Case of Abri Peyrony (2015)
Variability of late Neandertal technological behavior has been a long debated question in which sites from southwestern France figure prominently. As suggested by some, rich datasets from this region show a pattern of chronological sequencing of late Mousterian technocomplexes. According to this model that assumes technocomplexes reflect different cultural groups among Neandertals, Quina Mousterian is always followed by Mousterian of Acheulean Tradition (MTA) and discoidal-denticulate is...
A later prehistoric mortuary complex on the Moray Firth: The Covesea Caves, NE Scotland (2016)
The Sculptor’s Cave in NE Scotland is known for its Late Bronze Age and Roman Iron Age human remains, which were unearthed during excavations in 1928-30 and 1979: the former suggest the curation and display of (possibly fleshed and adorned) juvenile heads, while the latter indicate the practice of decapitation of (predominantly adult) individuals inside the cave. These remains are being analysed as part of a project at the University of Bradford to reanalyse and publish the excavation archive....
Lawrence Straus on Palaeolithic Art: How to marry art and adaptation? (2016)
As a great specialist in Palaeolithic Archaeology of the Old World, and also a superb connoisseur of the painted and engraved caves of France and Spain, Professor Straus had to deal with the problem of fitting the evidence of Palaeolithic “art” in the general adaptive framework of the processual Archaeology he was practicing along his professional career. In this presentation I want to analyze the evolution of his thinking about this topic, as a reflection on the general theoretical problems...