Europe (Geographic Keyword)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Will Megarry. Gabriel Cooney. Robert Sands. Douglas Comer. Bryce Davenport.

The Shetland Islands are the northernmost part of Europe where farming was practiced in the Neolithic, between 3800 and 2500 BCE. The islands’ isolated location coupled with distinct environmental factors resulted in distinctive and localized customs and economies. These are most clearly manifest in the production and distribution of felsite polished stone axes and Shetland knives sourced from linear grey-blue dykes in the elevated North Roe region of the islands. These artefacts are found...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Juliette Mitchell. Gordon Noble.

In later Iron Age Scotland, the Picts begin to bury their dead under barrows and cairns, but the social, ideological and political triggers for this change in burial practice are unclear. One of the reasons is that the archaeological data has never been properly synthesized. No written sources exist in Scotland at this time so the archaeological data represents an important untapped resource. This talk will look at monumentalisation of Pictish barrow cemeteries and their relationship to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Webster.

Although, the rural Irish are often characterized as a geographically and economically isolated people, their material culture reveals that in the nineteenth century, they were part of a growing global economy—one that circulated both goods and people around the British Empire and beyond. While the industrial revolution and the spread of capitalism allowed for greater access to a variety of goods for the rural Irish, they also maintained a class system that perpetually confined the rural poor to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonathan Bethard. Anna J. Osterholtz. Zsolt Zyaradi. Andre Gonciar.

During the last four decades bioarchaeologists have enriched what we know about the lives of past people; however, many questions remain unexplored and understudied. Among these, the lived experiences of expectant mothers and their newborn infants have not received much attention in the bioarchaeological literature. Moreover, few scholars have attempted to understand how women who experienced a failed pregnancy or loss of a newborn infant have dealt with this reality, particularly in terms of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nadya Prociuk.

How did the people of the Castro Culture of north-western Iberia use symbols to convey meaning and identity during the Late Bronze and Iron Ages? The repeated inscription of symbolic motifs on a variety of material mediums suggests that the role of symbols was more than merely decorative for the Castro people, and the literature is curiously silent regarding the social implications of these motifs. In this paper I will present the results of this research, and argue that the people of the Castro...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marie-Isabelle Cattin.

During the Magdalenian in Switzerland the climate was very cold and the landscape was treeless. Faunal assemblages are dominated by horse but include arctic and alpine species. Lithic assemblages include backed bladelets (used to make composite projectile points) and tools used to butcher and process prey. The appearance of bipoints marks a shift in projectile point technology that coincides with an increase in juniper in the pollen record. The débitage show continuity with the preceding period...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Felipe Criado-Boado. Lois Armada. César Parcero-Oubiña. Alfredo González-Ruibal.

This paper deals with a so-called "negative" approach to social complexity and social development. Instead of understanding the arising of complex societies as a result of positive ontology, it focuses on the resistances, negations and the invisible that tried to avoid or at least to minimize social inequality and exploitation. The arising of complex societies could, alternatively, be conceived as the trend to resist social division and its generalization. The paper will show as the material...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sara Morrow. Ian Kuijt. Katie Shakour.

19th and 20th century Irish house wakes memorialized the dead in a spirit of remembrance, revelry, and community healing. A central aspect of the wake was the smoking of pipe tobacco, with funeral goers smoking in the house and at the burial ground often discarding their clay pipes after smoking. Archaeological excavations on Inishark Island, County Galway, Ireland, revealed complete and incomplete clay pipes in a deposit within building 8, a home dating to the late 19th century. By comparing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David L. Clarke.

This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lukas Loos. Michael Auer. Nicolas Billen. Alexander Zipf.

A central goal of the MayaArch3D project is to provide archaeologists with a research platform for the spatio-temporal visualization and analysis of 2D and 3D data over the World Wide Web. To do this we are developing a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS). The client side of our application builds on top of the open-source geomajas 2D web GIS framework and consists of three central components. First, an interface for working with 2D data from different sources and formats. Second, a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel Pullen.

The southern Greek Final Neolithic period extends for over 1500 years, ca. 4700 – 3200 cal BC, but has resisted satisfactory subdivision in largely due to the lack of stratified excavations. Nevertheless most scholars follow Phelps’ 1975 division into an earlier and a later phase, each with distinct ceramic features, but this division combines data from many different regions, and finds from surface surveys or from poorly dated contexts. A series of stratified radiocarbon dates from Ksagounaki,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Johnson.

Characterizing inter-household inequalities has long been a fundamental task of archaeology, but a fine-tuned measure of household wealth is often troubled by the inability to account for time or demographics in the archaeological record. This project tests the ways that Iceland, settled by Norse populations between A.D. 870 and 930, provides a temporally-sensitive mode of measuring household wealth through average rates of midden and architectural accumulations while also providing a context...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lela Urquhart.

Studies of ancient colonization in the Mediterranean have principally been concerned with assessing the "impact" of colonization: did the colonization processes of groups like the Greeks and Phoenicians make a significant impact on local native societies among whom they settled, and if so, in what ways? Important as such questions are, they have sometimes overlooked a more basic step: how do we actually measure the "impact of colonization" in the first place? This paper offers a response to that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Albert J. Ammerman. L. L. Cavalli-Sforza.

This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Bair.

This is an abstract from the "New Work in Medieval Archaeology, Part 2: Crossing Boundaries, Materialities, and Identities" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Though by strict definition the study of any literate society might be considered “historical archaeology,” in practice American historical archaeologists largely focus on the centuries after 1492—in other words, the archaeology of the modern world. But modernity was not immaculately conceived;...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Larreina-Garcia. Juan Antonio Quirós-Castillo.

This is an abstract from the "The Movement of Technical Knowledge: Cross-Craft Perspectives on Mobility and Knowledge in Production Technologies" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Basquesmith project investigates ironworking production during Early Medieval times ‒mostly utilitarian iron implements such as ladles or keys‒ excavated in rural settlements in the Basque Country (northern Spain), focusing on the characterisation of the manufacture...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Aidan O'Sullivan.

Medieval wooden and stone fishweirs are amongst the most spectacularly preserved evidence for fishing practices amongst riverine and estuarine communities in Britain and Ireland. Recent archaeological surveys and excavations have traced their types of construction, forms, uses and biographies across time, and increasingly sophisticated means of dating them has enabled us to identify patterns in their repair over relatively short periods of time (i.e. years and decades). This paper will use...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emma Barbacini.

This is an abstract from the "Digitizing Archaeological Practice: Education and Outreach in the Archaeogaming Subdiscipline" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Archaeogaming Team at SASA turns games into the backdrop of history; this project loops full circle, turning history into a game. Born as support material to an AEM that explores the history of medieval medicine, this game is meant to familiarize the players with relevant vocabulary and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lynn White, Jr..

This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anne Birgitte Gebauer.

The paper presents a study of a small cluster of three megalithic tombs and a cult house at Tustrup, Jutland, dating from the period of the first farmers in Denmark during the Funnel Beaker period about 3300-3100 BC. The history of this group of monuments is pieced together using the architecture and the building sequence of the monuments combined with events reflected in the pottery depositions. New insights are discussed in relation to the pottery depositions taking place at the tombs as well...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Glyn E. Daniel.

This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.

DOCUMENT Citation Only David L. Clarke.

This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Grant McCall.

During the late 1950s, the avocational archaeologist Gwendoline Stacpoole collected a sizable assemblage of stone tools from farm fields along Ireland's east coast near the town of Kenure, Rush, County Dublin. Stacpoole worked in collaboration with G.F. Mitchell at Trinity College, Dublin, and the assemblage from Kenure was ultimately donated to the National Museum of Ireland. In the summer of 2014, I analyzed a considerable sample of Stacpoole's collection from Kenure and this paper presents...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Luke Spindler. Krista McGrath. Matthew Collins. Penelope Walton Rogers.

Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) is a rapid peptide fingerprinting technique capable of identifying species provenance in several archaeological materials of biological origin, and most commonly used on bone. Leather has proven resistant to analysis not only by ZooMS, but also to DNA extraction due to the tannins that are present in the material. We have used alkali (NaOH) to increase the solubility of the tannins and thereby extract them before enzyme digestion. This has allowed us...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mónica Alonso Eguíluz. Rosa María Albert. Javier Fernández Eraso.

Fumier deposits are important sources of information to better understand past livestock practices. The Neolithic site of Los Husos II (Álava, Spain), in the upper Ebro Basin, is the oldest Basque Country site where livestock practices were detected dating to 6990-6760 cal B.P. Hence, the site offers a unique opportunity to study the adaptation of early livestock practices and their expansion to the western Pyreness, as the Ebro Basin is the main route by which the new economic system...