North America (Geographic Keyword)
2,701-2,725 (3,602 Records)
This paper will discuss the results of the archaeological investigations that were conducted as part of the establishment of a platted reburial area at Mission San Juan. The discovery of human remains during the stabilization and restoration of the Mission San Juan church led to a creative partnership between the Archdiocese of San Antonio and the National Park Service to provide a respectful reburial area that complied with the Texas Health and Safety Code, and did not compromise the integrity...
Recent Archaeological Investigations at the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, St. Louis (2018)
In 2015 the National Park Service and the City of St. Louis initiated a major redesign and renovation of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial; home of the Gateway Arch. The memorial is located on the site of the French colonial 18th century village of St. Louis which later in the 19th century developed into the commercial hub of the city. Due to the continued growth of the city throughout the 19th century as well as the destruction and redevelopment following the Great Fire of 1849 and...
Recent Research and Future Plans at the Leonard Calvert House Site (2018)
In 1981, the archaeological staff of Historic St. Mary’s City began a period of intensive survey designed to uncover portions of the 17th-century city. Ultimately their efforts revealed the city’s historic core, an intersection at the beating heart of early Maryland governance. One of the anchors of the town’s center was the Leonard Calvert House. Home to the colony’s first (and later third) governor, the Calvert House was one of the largest wooden structures in colonial Maryland that at varying...
Recent Shipwreck Discoveries off San Francisco’s Golden Gate and Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary (2016)
During the recent field season in Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, and off the Golden Gate entrance near San Francisco Bay, several new shipwrecks were discovered. They included the passenger steamship S.S. City of Rio de Janeiro, referred to as the "Titanic of the Golden Gate" due to the high loss of life and the passenger steamship S.S. City of Chester also lost near the Golden Gate after a collision with the steamship RMS Oceanic. Off Point Reyes, the Norwegian tramp...
Recent UAV Data Collection and Integration with Traditional Archaeological Methodologies (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. UAV data collection has become increasingly common in North American archaeology. This presentation will give an overview of the state of the art in UAV data collection, technologies, and processing methodologies. All fronts in UAV data collection are progressing at an ever increasing pace, making staying up-to-date almost impossible for most archaeologists....
A Reciprocal Opportunity: Interning and Contributing on the Guerrero Project (2018)
The history and the search for 19th century pirate-slaver Guerrero, wrecked in the Straits of Florida, brought together a consortium of research organizations and awarded two interns a valuable learning experience. Through the Latino Heritage Internship Program and the American Conservation Experience, interns Andrianna Dowell and Arlice Marionneaux (respectively) partnered with underwater archaeologists from National Park Service to assist in the Guerrero survey. The opportunity fostered...
Reclaiming Memory of Those Unknown: An Archaeological Study of the African-American Cemetery at George Washington’s Mount Vernon (2016)
This paper discusses the ongoing archaeological survey of the African-American Cemetery at George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Ultimately, this project was designed to bring about a better understanding of this space on the plantation landscape and to honor those unknown who call this spot their final resting place. Through the use of this space, it is believed that a portion of Mount Vernon’s enslaved population was able to culturally resist their imposed social position through the reinforcement...
Reclaiming the Landscapes of Black History in Shockoe Bottom 1695 > 1865 > 2015 (2016)
The Shockoe Bottom historic district in Richmond, Virginia holds an invisible 320-year old story of Black life in Virginia that coincided with and contributed to Richmond's origins and development - from 250+ years as a slave society to the end of slavery through Jim Crow and the civil rights era. The community-based struggle to reclaim the Black history of Shockoe Bottom sought first to assert the right to learn more about their history in Richmond but was later forced to focus on protecting...
Recognizing Debitage Diagnostic of Particular Reduction Technologies at Lithic Scatter Sites in the National Forests of Eastern and Central Oregon (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Debitage Analysis: Case Studies, Successes, and Cautionary Tales" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Pacific Northwest Region of the United States Forest Service is updating guidance for implementation of a 1984 Programmatic Memorandum of Agreement (PMOA) for management of lithic scatter sites in eastern and central Oregon National Forests. The guidance update emphasizes meaningful consultation with Native American...
Recognizing Geomagnetic Storms in Marine Magnetometer Data: Toward Improved Archaeological Resource Identification Practices (2016)
Strong magnetic field perturbations resulting from Earth-directed solar events can adversely affect marine archaeological survey. The immediate onset of geomagnetic storms and fast compression of the magnetopause create short duration, high amplitude spikes in Earth’s magnetic field that appear similar to signatures of archaeological anomalies. Aggressive processing, analysis, and comparison of single instrument survey and observatory datasets collected during geomagnetic storms prevented...
Recognizing Redundant Data: Preventing Perseveration and Saving the Significant (2018)
What is so fascinating about heritage resources? What is it that sparks the imagination and instills a sense of place and wonder? What great lessons can we take away from the past? The most important roles of a federal archaeologist are to try to encourage public interest in questions like those, while preserving select sites with the greatest potential to provide the answers. However, compliance work for federal undertakings often focuses our attention and limited resources on the least...
Recognizing Variability: Experiment-Based Insights into Debitage Analysis (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Debitage Analysis: Case Studies, Successes, and Cautionary Tales" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Debitage analysis can be conducted in a wide range of ways, and no standard approach has been broadly accepted. Over the years many attempts have been made to introduce varying classification systems for debitage analysis. This paper uses experimental archaeology to test different classification systems for accuracy, and...
Reconsidering the First Generations of Colonial Encounters in the Lower Delaware Valley of the North American Middle Atlantic (2017)
The Middle Atlantic region is drawing renewed interest among historians, especially during the era of first colonial settlement in the 17th century. Some are reassessing the prominent role of the Lenape and Susquehannock peoples in the course and outcomes of the encounters. Others are challenging previous interpretations of the contests among Dutch, Swedish, and English imperial actors for control over this borderland. Although these scholars are rethinking the concept of frontier, the spatial,...
Reconstructing Daily Life in Little Flat Creek Valley (2015)
The early nineteenth century was tumultuous for Barry County in southwest Missouri. Originally made up of unclaimed acreage and the land grants for the Osage and Delaware Native American tribes, the area was redefined as a county when Missouri reached statehood in 1821 and then later divided into four smaller counties. Through all of these boundary changes the Little Flat Creek Valley was occupied nearly continuously, first by native tribes and later by Phillip Marbut and his family....
Reconstructing La Belle's Casks (2015)
In 1686, the French ship of exploration La Belle sank in Matagorda Bay off the coast of what is now Texas. The ship was excavated in 1996-97 by the Texas Historical Commission, and the ship and its cargo are currently being conserved and prepared for display by Texas A&M Unversity's Conservation Research Laboratory. Amongst the cargo were wood casks containing various trade goods and supplies. This poster presents the methodology developed by the CRL staff to create a simple, stable, and...
Reconstructing New Orleans’ Historic Fisheries: Preliminary Results and Future Directions (2018)
This paper presents zooarchaeological fish data from several archaeological sites in historic New Orleans. First, the author discusses these data in terms of reconstructing the historic fisheries supplying New Orleans’ growing urban population, and he highlights the city’s engagement with both local fisheries and international trade networks. The fish data are used as a starting point for exploring how urban growth in New Orleans impacted fish populations in nearby waters and lead to changes in...
Reconstructing the French Assault on Fort Necessity using Metal Detection (2018)
This paper presents the results of recent metal detection surveys conducted by Indiana University of Pennsylvania at Fort Necessity National Battlefield, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. Fort Necessity was a hastily fortified storehouse located within a historically significant landscape known as Great Meadows. On July 3 1754, British Colonial forces led by George Washington defended Fort Necessity against a small army of French soldiers and French-allied Native Americans. The Battle of Fort...
Reconstructing the Hull and Rig of Blackbeard’s Queen Anne’s Revenge (2018)
The wreck site of Blackbeard’s flagship Queen Anne’s Revenge was first discovered in 1996 and yielded both articulated hull structure and numerous rigging elements, which are currently under study as part of a long-term research project which will culminate in a full reconstruction of the vessel. The rig and hull of a vessel such as Queen Anne’s Revenge are inextricably linked, and need to be studied as a single integrated whole to fully understand not only the specifics of the hull and rig,...
Reconstructing the Pillar Dollar Wreck (2017)
A goniometer was used in situ to measure the curvature of the frames and the dimensions of the keel of the Pillar Dollar Wreck in Biscayne National Park, FL. Using this information, an approximation of the hull shape and general curvature of the ship was generated in Rhino. The shape was rotated to an upright position based on the angle of the top of the keel as it lay in on the sea floor. The data that was collected was used for an approximate reconstruction. With a reconstructed keel, the...
Reconstructing Urban Landscapes at Fort Recovery, Ohio (2017)
Urban landscapes were active environments in the past that present unique challenges during site investigations. During summer 2016 students and staff with Ball State University conducted excavations at the site of Fort Recovery, an early Federal period fort constructed in 1793. Site investigations in the town lot consisted of two GPR surveys and the excavation of a ca. 40 square meter area. Field results revealed the town lot was intensively used from the 1790s to the 1940s. Based on...
Reconstruction of the Lake Champlain Steamboat Phoenix II (2018)
The hull of the Lake Champlain steamboat Phoenix II, built in 1820 and retired in Shelburne Shipyard in 1837, was archaeologically investigated over the course of three field seasons by a team of nautical archaeologists from Texas A&M University and the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum. A reconstruction of Phoenix II from the archaeological material promises to fill several significant gaps in our understanding of the development and diversification of steam technology. To date, only one other...
Reconstruction of the Pillar Dollar Wreck, BIscayne National Park, Florida (2016)
The PIllar Dollar wreck is well-known to treasure salvors and looters, but has only recently been investigated in an archaeological sense. East Carolina University's Program in Maritime Studies conducted an excavation of the site for the Program's 2014 Fall Field School in September. With the knowledge garnered from that project, as well as previous condition reports and treasure salvor guides, this project aims to reconstruct the vessel and learn about its origins and use. The final result will...
Recording Shipwrecks At The Speed Of Light: Experimental Use Of An Underwater Laser Scanner On The Confederate Ironclad, CSS Georgia (2016)
Since the dawn of underwater archaeology, the ability to record features with a high level of accuracy and detail compared to terrestrial sites has been an extremely difficult prospect. However, according to 2G Robotics, the ULS-200 underwater laser scanner can resolve features on an astounding millimetric scale, but under the most ideal conditions. While this has some very exciting implications for the field of underwater archaeology, the CSS Georgia resides in an extremely challenging and...
Recording the Highbourne Cay Shipwreck: The Process of Documenting a 16th Century Shipwreck Before In Situ Conservation (2018)
The Highbourne Cay shipwreck in the Bahamas was discovered in the 1960s by three skin divers and partially salvaged shortly thereafter by the discoverers under a permit from the government of the Bahamas. The metallic remains of the vessel’s armament were recovered at that time, and surviving hull structure was revealed underneath a ballast mound. The site was periodically surveyed in subsequent decades, and in the summer of 2017 a field season was conducted to excavate and fully record the...
Recovering Family History: Archaeological Investigations at the James Holliday House in Annapolis, Maryland (2013)
For the descendants of the people studied by archaeologists, archaeology can be deeply personal, as it reveals forgotten details of a family’s past. In the case of the James Holliday House in Annapolis, Maryland, the same African American family has occupied the James Holliday House since 1850. In 2009, the great-great-granddaughter of James Holliday asked Archaeology in Annapolis to help fill in the blanks about her family’s history, simply because there was very little information from family...