North America (Geographic Keyword)
2,801-2,825 (3,602 Records)
At the home of President James Madison in Orange, Virginia, the rich archaeological deposits of transfer-printed ceramics provide valuable information about the presidential family, their many guests, and the enslaved community that lived and worked there. Due to the distinctive patterns, evolving styles, vessel forms, colors, and often limited production periods of the various makers, important historical clues can be gleaned from British transferware. In addition to referencing archival...
Research Updates on the Emanuel Point II Shipwreck Project, the Study of a Vessel from Luna’s 1559 Fleet (2015)
In this paper we will present an update on the continuing archaeological and historic research on the second shipwreck identified as a vessel from Don Tristán de Luna y Arrellano’s 1559 fleet. Known as "Emanuel Point II", archaeologists and students from the University of West Florida have focused recent excavations on the vessel’s stern and midships area, and have uncovered new artifacts and significant areas of hull structure never before exposed. Historic research on the expedition and...
Researching an African American Founder With the Help of One of Historical Archaeology’s Founders (2017)
This Robert Schuyler-dedicated Symposium paper considers three of Schuyler’s contributions to the field—his reflections on historical archaeology’s potential for the study of American national identity as a cultural and evolving process (1971, 1976), his call for an awareness of the importance of cultural context in archaeology research (1973), and his writing about the importance of conducting historical ethnography (1988). These foundational ideas shaping historical archaeology practice are...
Reservation Archaeology: Past, Current, and Future Themes (2018)
The Reservation Era (AD 1778 to present) is a time of culture change and fight for cultural sovereignty. There are approximately 326 American Indian Reservations covering 56.2 million acres in the United States, numbers that fail to capture the realities of non-federally recognized groups, those with no land base, or indigenous peoples in Canada or Mexico. All of these communities experienced profound transformations in economies, cultural institutions, and socio-political structures during the...
Resistance, Resilience, and Blackfoot Horse Culture from the Reservation Period to the Present (2018)
Programs of forced settlement and assimilation were responsible for the loss of many aspects of traditional Blackfoot lifeways. At the same time, however, they also strengthened the identity of the Blackfoot people as they resisted absorption into Euroamerican culture. This resistance through adaptation is seen in the Blackfoot people’s continued use of and adoration for horses. While many elements of nomadic Blackfoot culture were abandoned in the late nineteenth century with the near...
Resolving Individual and Community Identities though Spirituality and Ritual: Some Insights from Burial Practices Observed at the First African Baptist Church Cemetery Sites, Philadelphia (2018)
Several non-Western/non-Christian burial practices that made unusual use of ordinary material objects were seen at two cemeteries associated with the First African Baptist Church, Philadelphia. These practices appear to have been influenced by beliefs about the afterlife and the spirit world developed from African and possibly other sources, and I have argued previously that the maintenance and possible reintroduction of these practices into the city’s African-American community are indicative...
Respecting the Sacred Power of Indigenous Collections and Museum Staff (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Indigenous cultural protocols impact consultation with museums in numerous ways. Tribal perspectives on feminine power that is most evident during menstruation can challenge non-Native ways of working with museum collections. This poster will discuss ways in which museum staff negotiate unfamiliar cultural practices during tribal consultation. Respect for...
Restaurants, Businesses, and Graveyards: Mapping the "Resettlement" of Japanese Americans in Chicago, 1943-1950 (2017)
The forced dislocation of West Coast Japanese Americans to incarceration camps during WWII deeply affected community formation, leadership, and livelihoods. The dislocation had barely been carried out when the War Relocation Authority (WRA) conceived and put into action a program of controlled (re)movement east. This "resettlement" did not play out as administrators had hoped. This paper traces the resettlement of Japanese Americans in Chicago during and immediately after the war (1943-1950),...
Restoration and Archeology at San Jacinto: Dividing Legend from Fact through Dialogue (2018)
The Battle of San Jacinto resulted in the defeat of Mexico and the establishment of the Texas Republic in 1836 against overwhelming odds. The site, however, has been altered by the many commemorative contributions, landscape modifications, ground subsidence, and park operations. These have made interpretaion of this decisive battle difficult. It is only through archeology and environmental restoration projects that park interpreters are able to create historically correct vistas. The...
Results of the Salado Draw Archaeological Starch Pilot Study, Lea County, New Mexico. Statistical Research, Inc., Technical Report 22-131 (2023)
This starch identification study is a component of an undertaking entitled Salado Draw Archaeological Survey, Small-scale Excavation, and Geomorphological Characterization, GSA Contract No. GS-10F-0396P. The work was commissioned by the U.S. Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Carlsbad Field Office (CFO) as part of research carried out under the Permian Basin Programmatic Agreement, Blanket Purchase Agreement No. 11, Contract No. L14PA00010. It addresses Task 15 (starch...
Rethinking "Frontiers" from a French Colonial Perspective (2017)
A societal "frontier" is always a relational concept. What looks like a periphery, whether imagined as a line or a zone, from one vantage point may from another look like an invaded heartland. The diverse nature of French colonialism in North America suggests the complexity of frontiers it induced. I review my 1981 article, "Frontiers and Archaeology," with perspective gained across thirty-five years, to consider whether the frontier concept has any current utility for the archaeology of French...
Rethinking Colonialism: Indigenous Innovation, Colonial Inevitability and the Struggle for Dignity, Past and Present (2013)
This paper argues for a rethinking of colonialism as an historical process in which overwhelming European power resulted in the extinction of indigenous peoples. Instead this suggests that a different history unfolded in which indigenous peoples demonstrated great innovation and cultural perseverance in not succumbing to the inevitability inherent in the political discourse of the past two hundred years. Colonialism clearly resulted in struggles over territory, sovereignty and cultural identity,...
Rethinking Site Significance to Improve Preservation and Protection (2019)
This is an abstract from the "New Perspectives on Heritage Protection: Accomplishing Goals" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The archaeological record is under attack. Whether from willful destruction at the hands of religious extremists, vandalism aimed at destroying the heritage of minority populations, looting for fun and profit, development in the name of progress, ill-considered agency actions, or climate-driven fire and erosion, the tangible...
A Retrospective Look At The Material Culture Of The Leonard Calvert Site (2018)
Since Historic St. Mary’s City began its investigations at the Leonard Calvert site in 1980, a remarkable suite of material culture has emerged from this premier colonial site. This presentation looks back over some of the artifacts recovered and provides some context for a number of the more remarkable objects. Ceramics, tobacco pipes, small finds, and glassware are all represented. Ceramics include Dutch tin glazed earthenware, Rhenish stoneware, and tiles, while glass includes façon de...
Return to Antikythera (2017)
In 1900, Greek sponge divers stumbled upon what was to become one of themost iconic and fabulous shipwrecks ever found in the Mediterranean close to the tiny Greek Island of Antikythera- the Antikythera shipwreck. Over the course of several perilous months of diving, despite numerous episodes of the bends and a fatality, the divers recovered a treasure of Classical bronze and marble statuary and the famous Antikythera Mechanism- the world's oldest known mechanical computer. Since 2013,...
Return To The 'Queen City of the West': Preliminary Investigations at the Port of Indianola, Texas (2017)
Indianola, Texas was the commercial gem of the western Gulf of Mexico during the height of its existence, from the late 1850s until its abandonment in 1887. Responsible for much of the commerce entering western Texas and the western territories via the Gulf of Mexico, Indianola has been largely overlooked archaeologically, despite a high potential for the presence of a significant amount of cultural materials. A team of archaeologists from Texas A&M University, the Institute of Nautical...
Revealing Hidden Histories and Confronting the Segregated Past: the Political and Social Dynamics of Memory in a Coastal Florida City (2018)
Archaeological excavations and presentations are memory-work, offering tactile and visual materials for consideration of the past. In a coastal Florida city, growing rapidly through in-migration of retirees and service industry employment opportunities, there are few aware or concerned over history. Yet the past haunts the Florida Gulf Coast and the expanding interest in heritage includes competitions among historians and archaeologists, residents and tourists, and development interests and...
Review of Research On Paleo-Indians in Eastern North America (1971)
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Reviewing the 2023 Intensive NAGPRA Summer Training & Education Program (INSTEP) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "In Search of Solutions: Exploring Pathways to Repatriation for NAGPRA Practitioners (Part I)" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The national need for NAGPRA and repatriation education is widely recognized in the museum and tribal communities. In July 2023, the authors co-facilitated the first Intensive NAGPRA Summer Training & Education Program (INSTEP), funded by the Wenner-Gren Foundation. This presentation reviews the...
Reviewing the Human Remains Detection Dog Workshop (2024)
This is an abstract from the "New and Emerging Geophysical and Geospatial Research in the National Parks" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The National Park Service’s Center for Preservation Technology and Training (NCPTT) facilitated a workshop for archaeologists in May 2023 at the Poverty Point National Historic Landmark/World Heritage Site as part of an ongoing effort to research human remains detection (HRD) dogs for nondestructive...
Revisiting "Mission Impossible" and the other Zacatecan Missions of East Texas and West Louisiana (2017)
This presentation will give updates on the following 18th century Zacatecan Missions: Guadalupe, Dolores, and San Miguel. Mission Guadalupe has not been found--some clues to its location will be discussed. Kathleen Gilmore called Mission Dolores, "Mission Impossible," because she had difficulity locating it in the early 1970s. James Corbin of Stephen F. Austin State University (SFA) did eventually locate the site and conducted the major excavations in the mid-1970s and 1980s. A...
Revisiting Clay Smoking Pipes (2018)
An assemblage of 280 white clay smoking pipe fragments were recovered from a disturbed context during the construction of a marine basin and wharf at Barcelona Harbor, New York, on the southeastern shore of Lake Erie. Apparently packed in a wooden box or crate, this collection represents one of the largest unique and homogeneous collections fabricated during a brief period in a single manufactory from only a few molds. I summarize descriptive and quantitative analyses, probable provenance, and...
Revisiting Josiah Henson's Role in Maryland History. (2016)
Long overshadowed by and conflated with the fictional story of Uncle Tom's Cabin, the life of Josiah Henson is revisited at the location he was enslaved in suburban Maryland. Archaeological research on the former plantation has uncovered traces of life on the farm and the 19th century landscape. This work provides part of the framework for the design of a public museum to be built at the park, dedicated to Henson's life and slavery in Montgomery County. This paper will discuss the ongoing...
Revisiting Parting Ways Forty Years Later: Some Research Challenges and Successes (2015)
Nearly 30,000 18th- and 19th-century artifacts were recovered during the excavation of the small African American community of Parting Ways in Plymouth, Massachusetts by James Deetz beginning in 1975. The artifacts are currently housed at the Massachusetts Historical Commission in Boston. Original interpretations attributed all the artifacts to the late 18th- and 19th-century African American occupation of the site, but subsequent research indicated that Parting Ways was occupied in the middle...
Revisiting Past Excavations: An In-Depth Look at Feature B7 from the African Meeting House, Boston, MA (2015)
This paper analyzes a pit feature that was identified during a 1984 excavation in the basement of the African Meeting House, located in Boston's Beacon Hill neighborhood. Full excavation of the feature followed in 1986; however, complete analysis of the resulting artifact collection was not possible at the time. Predating the construction of the prominent African Meeting House, the feature is likely the privy of Augustin Raillion, a hairdresser who occupied a house at 44 Joy Street with two...