Republic of Costa Rica (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
576-600 (1,875 Records)
In the northwest corner of the capital city of San Juan, Puerto Rico, formal urban blocks were proposed and constructed in the 19th century in an area known as Ballajá. As part of a larger investigation, documentary research was carried out, and quantitative and qualitative data was analyzed to study the presence of women using the 1910 census. Germane to that investigation, were specific variables such as professions, trades, race, nationality, age and civil status, therefore providing...
Engineering an Ecosystem of Resistance: Late Intermediate Period Farming in the South-Central Andes (A.D. 1100-1450) (2017)
In the 15th century, the Inca built the largest pre-colonial empire in the western hemisphere. In southern Peru near Lake Titicaca, an ethnic group known as the Colla violently resisted conquest by the Inca for several years. Because of their military prowess, the Inca named one quarter of their empire, Collasuyo, after this group. The Colla’s ability to resist Inca subjugation was facilitated by their decentralized economy evident in their construction and management of a new agricultural...
Enriching Archaeological Interpretations with Tales from the Rez: Braiding Indigenous Knowledge into Archaeological Praxis (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Hood Archaeologies: Impacts of the School-to-Prison Pipeline on Archaeological Practice and Pedagogy" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. “In order to know yourself and find your way in this life, you need to know where you and your People come from and understand their relationship with the land.” This insight formed critical foundational knowledge that guides my Indigenous archaeological praxis. My experience and...
The Entanglement of Health, Race, and Resistance at the Mount Pleasant Indian Industrial Boarding School (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeologies of Health, Wellness, and Ability" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Childhood illness and death at Federal Indian Boarding Schools are one of the most tragic aspects of these failed institutions. Preventable communicable diseases spread like wildfires in the close-quarters and overcrowded conditions of dormitories. Racist policies maintained poor nutrition and hard physical labor also contributed to illness...
Entre los Andes y la Selva: Una aproximación al desarrollo prehispánico en el valle del Alto Upano, Ecuador (2018)
Localizado en la alta amazonía ecuatoriana el entorno geográfico del valle del río Upano acoge una amplia diversidad ecológica y de suelos que, sin duda, resultaron atractivos para los diferentes grupos humanos que se asentaron en la región durante la época prehispánica. Por otra parte la ubicación estratégica hizo que el valle sin duda constituya un nodo importante en la interacción cultural entre los altos valles andinas y las tierras bajas amazónicas. Ambas situaciones fueron favorables para...
Entre Mesoamérica y el Área Intermedia, Patrón de Asentamiento Arqueológico en la Costa Nororiental de Honduras (2018)
La zona nororiental de Honduras en la época prehispánica, y su interacción con Mesoamérica al oeste, ha sido poco abordada. El patrón de asentamiento regional así como interno de cada sitio es igual poco conocido y muchas veces confundido con el área vecina al este. Los reconocimientos de superficie en esta década nos han brindado resultados preliminares sobre el patrón de asentamiento regional y de sitio de la costa nororiental, concretamente en la Cuenca del Río Cangrejal, el Bajo Aguan en el...
The Environmental Effects of Indigenous Smelting in the Southern Andes: A Look at the Source (2017)
Air pollution caused by pre-industrial metal production in the Andes has been reported by scholars using data collected from lake sediments and ice cores. An important source of this pollution, which consists primarily of lead dust, is Potosí, Bolivia, a mining center that produced large quantities of silver during the early colonial period and, perhaps, during prehispanic times as well. This paper examines the environmental effects of indigenous silver production by investigating the operation...
Estimating the Effect of Endogenous Spatial Dependency with a Hierarchical Bayesian CAR Model on Archaeological Site Location Data (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Novel Statistical Techniques in Archaeology II (QUANTARCH II)" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This research presents a method to test the endogenous spatial correlation effect when modeling the landscape sensitivity for archaeological sites. The effects of endogenous spatial correlation are inferred using a Hierarchical Bayesian model with an Conditional Auto-Regressive (CAR) component to better understand the...
Estimating the pre-Columbian population of southwestern Amazonia. (2017)
Estimates of population density in pre-Columbian Amazonia have been based on calculations of the carrying capacity of the environment, generally classified as varzea, terra firme and savannah. These estimates, however, have been criticized because they overlook the fact that i) the Amazonia environment is far more diverse in terms of soils, vegetation and climate than this simplistic classification and ii) pre-Columbians increased, both intentionally and unintentionally, the productivity of the...
An Ethical Anthropology – What This Cultural Anthropologist Learned from Larry Zimmerman (2018)
From American Indian representations in film, to working with descendent communities and sacred sites, to understanding families experiencing homelessness, Larry Zimmerman’s scholarship, guidance, and way of being an anthropologist has greatly influenced the intellectual and professional development of many cultural anthropologists. It is an ethical anthropology that transcends any one subfield of anthropology, which includes owning one’s disciplinary history and identity, learning from it and...
Ethics and Best Practices for Mapping Archaeological Sites (2018)
Principle 6 of the Society of American Archaeology’s Principles of Archaeological Ethics emphasizes archaeologists’ responsibility to publically report archaeological investigations with the stipulation that "An interest in preserving and protecting in situ archaeological sites must be taken in to account when publishing and distributing information about their nature and location." This paper first provides a critical review of current geolocation sharing recommendations and practices, and then...
Ethics of Repatriation > Culture of Academic Freedom (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) is 30 years old, and the generation that opposed its passage is now approaching (or past) retirement age. For professionals that succeed them, repatriation has always been both legal and ethical practice and they must confront legacies of mentors/predecessors who found ways to avoid the...
Ethics, professionalism, and qualifications in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology (2019)
This is an abstract from the "The Future of Bioarchaeology in Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology both primarily deal with the analysis of human skeletal remains and employ similar methods for osteological analysis. However, over the past several decades, both subfields have become increasingly specialized with unique procedural and analytical goals. This divergence means that training in one...
Ethnoarchaeological Contributions to Interpreting Pacific Archaeofish Assemblages (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Supporting Practical Inquiry: The Past, Present, and Future Contributions of Thomas Dye" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 1976, Tom Dye conducted an ethnographic study of marine resource exploitation on Niuatoputapu, Kingdom of Tonga, to help provide a reference from which to interpret prehistoric patterns evident in the archaeological remains. Ethnoarchaeology provides a point of control for an expanded comparative...
Ethnoarchaeological research in Asia (1989)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Ethnoarchaeology of natural solution cavities as water sources affecting settlement and economic activities in a Yucatec Maya community, Mexico (2017)
Ethnoarchaeological investigations in the Yucatec Maya community of Xculoc recently included inventorying the location and uses of a range of small-large water sources. This karst landscape has no surface rivers, ponds, or lakes. Currently, the community uses a deep well at the former hacienda in this location. However, at least 60 years ago most families that coalesced into this village were distributed in relation to smaller reliable water sources near the current community location. Field...
Ethnohistorical Approaches to Panamanian Archaeology: Toward an Enhanced Conversation (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Unraveling the Mysteries of the Isthmo-Colombian Area’s Past: A Symposium in Honor of Archaeologist Richard Cooke and His Contributions" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. A significant, yet not fully recognized contribution of Richard Cooke’s to the understanding of Panamanian archaeology were his erudite analyses of contact time chronicles and documentation. Through systematic contrast and comparison of documents,...
Ethnoornithological and Genomic Perspectives on Royal Hawaiian Featherwork (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Frontiers in Animal Management: Unconventional Species, New Methods, and Understudied Regions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Hawaiian featherwork constitutes a treasured element of Hawaiian cultural heritage. Feather artefacts curated in museums today were acquired between the late 18th and the early 20th centuries and it is clear that their production required thousands of feathers sourced from Hawaiian forest...
European Ceramics in the Caribbean: A Glimpse at Globalization during the Colonial Era (2021)
This is an abstract from the "NSF REU Site: Exploring Globalization through Archaeology 2019–2020 Session, St. Eustatius, Dutch Caribbean" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Dutch Caribbean island of St. Eustatius (Statia) was a free port for much of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries where the forces of globalization, such as people, resources, commodities, and ideas moved unceasingly, altering the world as it was and pushing it closer...
European Material Culture in Indigenous Sites in Northeastern Cuba (2017)
Northeastern Cuba, particularly the modern-day province of Holguin, is one of the areas of the Caribbean with the largest number of indigenous sites yielding European objects. In the sixteenth century, most of these sites maintained direct or indirect links with Europeans, while others were transformed into permanent colonial spaces by the Spaniards. The study of European objects found at these sites suggests that some of these items were acquired through exchange or as gifts. However, the...
Evaluating Archaeological Predictability Across the Western United States (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Novel Statistical Techniques in Archaeology II (QUANTARCH II)" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Human behavior is patterned in relation to the environment, and these patterns are approximated by the archaeological record. Similarly, the ability to discover archaeological material is patterned in relation to the environment. Geographic Information Systems and statistical software have been used to develop multiple...
Evaluating Digital Workflows in Academic and CRM Settings (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological field research can be expensive for a student or a small cultural resource management (CRM) firm. This poster proposes inexpensive and efficient methods for students conducting field research and CRM companies with limited startup resources. We discuss the results of field testing our digital workflow, which utilizes Avenza Maps Pro, a...
Evaluating Precolumbian Contact between Ecuador and Costa Rica: A Ceramic Approach (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Coastal Connections: Pacific Coastal Links from Mexico to Ecuador" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeologists have long noted similarities in ceramic technologies and traditions between Costa Rica and Ecuador. These are relevant for models of culture change, whether the result of direct interactions or parallel cultural processes in the emergence of social complexity. We test the alternatives of direct,...
Evaluating the Applicability of the Coimbra Method on an Archaeological Sample from Sint Eustatius (2021)
This is an abstract from the "NSF REU Site: Exploring Globalization through Archaeology 2019–2020 Session, St. Eustatius, Dutch Caribbean" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. To uncover details of past people’s day to day life, bioarchaeologists have attempted to reconstruct possible activity patterns by examining changes that occur at musculoskeletal markers, called entheseal sites (ES). While there is general agreement about the overall effect of...
Evaluating the Radiocarbon Record of the Lower Pecos Canyonlands (2018)
The Lower Pecos Canyonlands archaeological region in southwest Texas and northern Mexico at the eastern limit of the Chihuahuan Desert is best known for the excellent organic preservation and polychrome pictographs found in dry limestone rockshelters. Radiocarbon dates from the Lower Pecos Canyonlands (LPC) can be used to address broad research questions pertaining to economic strategies (e.g., earth oven plant baking and bison hunting), and settlement patterns, as well as narrower topics such...