Republic of Ecuador (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
1,776-1,800 (2,078 Records)
The reducción of Santa Cruz de Tuti (AKA Espinar de Tuti) in the Colca Valley is a complex archaeological site in the high Andes with occupational phases representing the Inka, colonial, and republican periods. Multiple geophysical instrument surveys conducted during planning phases, as well as concurrently with a large-scale excavation program in 2016, provided critical information on site use and depositional environment. Spatial, pattern and visual analyses reveal how domestic, public, and...
Spatial Analysis and the Interpretation of Rock Art at the Cajamarca Site of Callacpuma, Peru (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Technique and Interpretation in the Archaeology of Rock Art" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Callacpuma is a multicomponent archaeological site in the Cajamarca Basin of the northern highlands of Peru with a long and complex history of human occupation spanning from at least 1000 BC to approximately AD 1500. An estimated 3,000-4,000 rock art panels dot the landscape of Callacpuma. Over the past three field seasons, 100...
Spatial Analysis in Pre-Columbian Nicaragua (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This poster presents the result of a systematic spatial analysis of lithic and ceramic artifacts and how ratios thereof change over time in order to assess the applicability of the social-risk model originally proposed by Manuel Antonio Román Lacayo (2013) in explaining patterns of population aggregation observed during the Sapoá period (800-1350 CE) in...
Spatial Analysis of Geoglyphs in the Sihuas Valley, Peru (2017)
Geoglyphs are large features frequently created by removing rocks and surface dirt in order to create a large scale designs. Although often studied in isolation, much can be learned from the position of geoglyphs relative to other features on the landscape. As part of the Quilcapampa Archaeological Project, a reconnaissance survey guided by remotely sensed imagery was performed in order to document and map geoglyph iconography found on the pampa of the Sihuas Valley, Peru. To date, over 100...
Spatial Pattern of δ18O Water Isotope in the Argentinean Central West: Their Potential to Model Human Mobility at Archaeological Scale (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper presents the δ18O isotopes results based on a new southern Mendoza water sampling. Using GIS the δ18O isotope information from water sources is modeled in regional isoscapes. With this baseline we discuss human mobility, analyzing three archaeological cases. In total 92 water source samples from rivers, creeks, springs, snow, lagoons, and water...
Spatial Temporalities and the Ritualized Remodeling of Chachapoya Architectural Space (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. How social space is produced in archaeological contexts is often studied as the result of the gradual accumulation of social practices. However, as a complement to these generative processes, sudden events also have radical impacts on how space is signified, expressed, and experienced. This paper addresses recent research in the Chachapoyas region of the...
Spear-Thrower or Bow? Refining Comparative Metrics to Track the Cultural Transmission of Bow Technology in the Andes (2024)
This is an abstract from the "The Global “Impact” of Projectile Technologies: Updating Methods and Regional Overviews of the Invention and Transmission of the Spear-Thrower and the Bow and Arrow" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The appearance of new projectile technology can be among the most significant shifts in a region’s history. To metrically distinguish dart and arrow projectile points, we present new data on hafted archaeological projectile...
Spondylus, Mounds and Pyramids: An Approach to Social Changes in the Northern Andes of Ecuador during the Late Period (2017)
During the Pre-Columbian period, the northern Andes hosted an intense cultural interaction that led to the emergence of chiefdoms with diverse forms of political administration, power strategies, and economic integration. For the northern Andes of Ecuador, the archaeological research typically assumes a gradual development of the Cara people during the Late Period between 600 and 1525 AD. New archaeological evidence of social and natural events suggests a transitional stage between 900 and 1200...
Square Knots: A Case Study of Quipus AS55 and AS56 and Evidence for Square Root Calculation and Land Redistribution in the Andes (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Quipus, the record-keeping tools of the Incan empire, offer insight into the mathematics of the Andes through the numerical records embedded in them. AS55 and AS56, a pair of quipus found in association with each other, feature complex mathematical relationships in the numbers recorded on them. These properties were first presented and analyzed in a...
Stable Isotope Analysis (δ13C/δ15N) of Archaeological Feathers from Corral Redondo, Arequipa, Peru (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Feathercrafts were vital to prestige economies of the ancient Americas. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms and sources of feathered textile production can illuminate the nature of the trade networks that supported elite socioeconomic pursuits. In the 1940s, local farmers discovered an unprecedented cache of feathered textile panels wrapped in...
Stable Isotope Analysis of Charred and Desiccated Plant Remains from the North Coast of Peru (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Challenges and Future Directions in Plant Stable Isotope Analysis in Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. One of the key findings of early work that utilized isotopic analysis of macrobotanical remains was that charred remains seemed to produce reliable isotopic measurements, while uncharred (desiccated) remains did not. This early research contrasted charred remains from the highlands of Peru with uncharred...
Stable Isotope Analysis of Dental Serial Sections Suggests Delayed Weaning among Archaic Foragers of the Andean Altiplano (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Behavioral Ecology and Archaeology" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Previous research identifies delayed weaning as a behavioral adaptation to life at high altitude in the Andean and Tibetan highlands. This research examines the stable isotope chemistry of dental serial sections in Archaic period forager populations of the high Andes in the Lake Titicaca Basin to estimate weaning ages and the potential onset of delayed...
Stable Isotope Evidence of Dietary Trends among Prehistoric Populations from the Semiarid Region, Chile (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The semiarid region of Northern Chile (29°–32° S) is a transitional ecological area, located between the extreme hyperarid conditions of the Atacama Desert and the Mediterranean ones of Central Chile, with a long history of human occupation (Archaic Period–Late Period). This study evaluates the stable isotope signatures, δ 13Cap, δ 13Ccol, and δ15N, of...
Stable Isotope Measurements of Weaning Age and Early Childhood Diet in the Ancient Andes: Variation in Early Life Experiences in Tiwanaku Society (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Understanding the complex roles and meanings of breastfeeding practices and childhood provisioning may help bioarchaeologists contextualize paleodietary studies and the role of foodways in the construction and maintenance of social identities. Here, we employ stable isotope measurements (δ15N and δ13C) of weaning age and early childhood diet derived from...
Stable isotopic evidence for camelid mobility and its consequences for early hunter-gatherer settlement patterns in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert, Chile (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We examine the stable isotopic signature of camelid and rodent remains from PaleoIndigenous sites of the Pampa del Tamarugal (PdT), Atacama Desert (12,800 – 11,200 cal yrs BP; 800 – 1,200 masl). 𝛿13C and 𝛿15N values suggest two groups of animals: 1) with higher 𝛿15N signal and increased C4 diet and, 2) with lower 𝛿15N values and a C3-predominant diet....
Starch and Phytolith Analyses from Ceramic Residues in the Llanos de Mojos (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Llanos de Mojos in the Bolivian Amazon is a tropical savanna that saw increased archaeological attention beginning in the latter half of the 20th century. However, paleoethnobotanical research has been limited up until this decade despite significant results and great potential. Paleoethnobotanical inquiry in Mojos can enhance our understanding of...
State Control of Production and Distribution of Inka-Style Pottery in the Southern Border of Tawantinsuyu (Inka State) (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Andean and Amazonian Ceramics: Advances in Technological Studies" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This study aims to identify the nature and degree of state control over the production and distribution of Inka-style ceramics in Aconcagua Valley and Maipo-Mapocho basin (Central Chile) during the Late Period (AD 1400–1536) and what role the Diaguita may have played in this process. The analysis focuses mainly on aríbalos...
The State of Andean Obsidian Artifact Provenance: A Social Network Analysis (SNA) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "The Elemental Analysis Facility at the Field Museum: Celebrating 20 Years Serving the Archaeological Community " session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Obsidian was both a common domestic good and a highly sought-after exotic material imbued with ideological significance in the past. In the south-central Andes of Peru and Bolivia, obsidian procurement and distribution greatly expanded during the Middle Horizon (CE 600–1000),...
States of Vulnerability: Examining Moche Era Practices of Care in Life and Death (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Bridging Time, Space, and Species: Over 20 Years of Archaeological Insights from the Cañoncillo Complex, Jequetepeque Valley, Peru, Part 1" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The way that communities cared for their living and dead holds great potential to elucidate the cosmovision of the Moche. Ritual practices during the Moche period involved human offerings that include women, children, and men at different stages of...
Status and Identity at the Margins of Empire: Foodways in pre-Inka and Inka Cuzco (2017)
Diet and cuisine are key practices in the daily negotiation of status and identity, particularly when studied at the household level. In the Maras region of rural Cuzco, the developing Inka state and a rival polity known ethnohistorically as the Ayarmaka maintained autonomous economic, social, and political practices. While other groups in the Cuzco region exchanged goods and shared some cultural practices with the Inka, the Ayarmakas did not. In the 15th century, the Ayarmaka suddenly abandoned...
Stewarding Cultural Landscapes: Managing an Eroding Coastal Site at Pu`uhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Perched sand deposits and pocket beaches dot the shoreline at Pu'uhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park on the island of Hawai'i. Keone'ele Cove, situated along the northern boundary of the park, is a key part of the cultural landscape where Hawaii’s ruling class landed canoes and hosted gatherings, and where native Hawaiians continue these practices in...
Stone Tools from the Buen Suceso Site, Santa Elena, Ecuador (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the summer of 2018, the lithic artifacts of two units of the Late Valdivia (2100 BC - 1800 BC) occupation of the Buen Suceso site were analyzed as an undergraduate research project. The Valdivia people were a settled agricultural society based on the utilization of marine, forest, and riverine resources. The people of Buen Suceso lived on the edge of the...
Storage Pit Prospection and Capacity Estimation in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Comparison of Surface Detection Methods (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. LiDAR has revolutionized the way we survey for surface-visible archaeological features. Our ability to relatively quickly capture and assess large landscapes for features enables us to understand human activity across large spatial scales with significantly less time and financial investment than pedestrian or other forms of remote survey alone. As these...
The Storage Systems in the South Coast Region: The Case of the Cañete Valley (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Political Economies on the Andean Coast" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Undoubtedly, storage systems played a key role in Inca political and economic organization in the Andes. The Inca state employed these goods stored for different purposes, such as supporting military campaigns, financing state works, and hosting ceremonial activities. However, most research on Inca storage has focused on the storage facilities...
Strategizing Food Security under Colonial Rule at Purun Llaqta del Maino, Chachapoyas, Peru (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. How does colonialism impact local food strategies? This paper considers this question at Purun Llaqta del Maino (PLM), Chachapoyas, Peru; a site with continuous occupation from the Late Intermediate Period (LIP; 1000-1450 AD), the Late Horizon (1450-1535), and the Early Spanish Colonial Period (1535-1700). Like many Andean regions, Chachapoyas was...