Republic of Ecuador (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
1,801-1,825 (2,078 Records)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. How does colonialism impact local food strategies? This paper considers this question at Purun Llaqta del Maino (PLM), Chachapoyas, Peru, a site with continuous occupation from the Late Intermediate period (LIP) (AD 1000–1450), the Late Horizon (1450–1535), and the Early Spanish colonial period (1535–1700). Like many Andean regions, Chachapoyas was...
Stress and daily life in an Andean reducción town: preliminary osteological analyses of juvenile burials in a church sacristy (2017)
Juvenile mortality and morbidity is a sensitive marker of overall group health, as juvenile individuals are more susceptible to circulating endemic diseases and nutritional stress. Thus, reconstructing relative frailty of the juvenile population at Mawchu Llacta provides important data about daily life at this colonial site, in a relatively understudied transitional period of Peruvian history. In this paper, we present the results of preliminary skeletal analyses of burials excavated from the...
Stress and Sociocultural Reactions to Environmental Change in the Late and Terminal Lima on the Central Coast of Peru (2018)
This project examined evidence of stress in 469 excavated human skeletons of the pre-Hispanic Lima population from Huaca 20 in the Maranga Complex in modern day Lima, Peru dating to the end of the Early Intermediate Period (ca. 200-600 AD) and the beginning of the Middle Horizon (ca. 600-900 AD). This period saw the movement of the populations on both the North and Central Coasts of the Andes inland to areas with greater access to the critical water supply (Shimada, 1994). While the majority...
Strontium Isotopes and Human Migration at the Archaeological Site of Marcajirca, Peru (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The archaeological site of Marcajirca, located in the Puccha River Valley, atop a steep ridge at 3800 masl, provides an interesting context in which to examine changes in human mobility patterns through time on both a regional and local scale. Extensive radiocarbon dating of both archaeological and human skeletal material place occupation of the site between...
Structurally Speaking; Architecture of El Rayo and the Greater Nicoya Region (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Reconstructing the Political Organization of Pre-Columbian Nicaragua" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Located on the shore of Lake Nicaragua, El Rayo is a unique archaeological site, enriched with a large material base and many examples of human burial practices. Dating from the Late Bagaces Period (500-800 CE) to the Sapoa Period (800-1300 CE), El Rayo’s stone architectural features cover both major timeframes,...
A Study of Incised Designs within a Wari D-Shaped Temple Complex (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Almost 100 Years since Julio C. Tello: Research at Huaca del Loro, Nasca, Peru" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. With the discovery of a Wari D-Shaped temple and other adjacent architectural structures in 2019, the 2022 field season at Huaca del Loro focused on excavation of the temple complex. Well preserved mud plaster still remained on many of the walls and floors of the structures. Examination of the walls in the...
A Study of Social Inequality at the Andean Prehistoric Site of Ak’awillay (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. While most research on emerging inequalities in prehistoric societies has focused on the elaboration of inequality in villages and polities on the periphery of large states, less attention has been placed on settlements existing outside influential regional centers. In this paper, we present the case of the Andean Middle Horizon (600-1000 C.E.) site of...
Style vs. Function in Polynesian Fish Hook Shank Variation (2018)
Polynesian i’a makau, or fishhooks, may stand in for ceramics for the purpose of generating culture-historical units, facilitating relative dating of the three Hawaiian assemblages under scrutiny (Allen 1996). Artifact assemblages at Waiahukini, Makalei, and Pu’u Ali’i contained over 1000 intact or partial fishhooks and fragments of shaped pig bone representing unfinished manufacture. Allen’s (2015) conceptual style-function model of hook attributes necessitates a focus on stylistic shank...
Styles, Technology and Identities: Origins and Uses of Provincial Inca Ceramics in Pueblo Viejo-Pucará, a Huarochiri’s Mitmaquna Settlement in the Lurin Valley (2018)
Distribution analysis of provincial Inca pottery in different layers of the residences of Pueblo Viejo-Pucará, including the palace of the curaca, will serve as a starting point to define the differences in access to diverse vessel forms and observe the contexts of use in domestic, funeral, public and ceremonial areas. The excavations in residential and ceremonial architecture carried out in Pueblo Viejo-Pucará, a Late Horizon (1470-1560 A.D.) urban settlement, provided rich and varied evidence...
Subsistence and Exchange in the Chincha Valley (Peru) Using Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (2019)
This is an abstract from the "From the Paracas Culture to the Inca Empire: Recent Archaeological Research in the Chincha Valley, Peru" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Chincha Valley was one of the most productive regions on the southern coast of Peru, yet little is known about the subsistence practices of the pre-Inca communities that existed in the inland valley of Chincha during the Late Intermediate Period (AD 1000-1476). The Chinchas formed...
Subsistence variations and landscape use of marine foragers in southern South America. New perspectives from an isotopic zooarchaeology (2017)
Predictions based on resource distribution and abundance throughout patches (i.e. patch choice model) are critical to model human-specific decisions. However, information about past abundance or distribution of preys is rare, and archaeological evaluations are normally based on modern ecological parameters. This procedure can face some problems since species distributions are likely to have fluctuated along time as a consequence of different environmental factors, or as the product of human...
Success and Power through Networking: Lessons from Chancay Elites in the Huaura Valley (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Indigenous Stories of the Inka Empire: Local Experiences of Ancient Imperialism" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the LIP, the north-central coast of Peru was inhabited by small but dynamic polities that were actively engaged in interregional networks of trade, intermarriage, and warfare. However, we know little about how these groups interacted with or were incorporated into the Inca Empire and it has long been...
The Sum of Their Parts: Excavation and Inventory of Isolated Commingled Remains alongside Partially Articulated Individuals at Diablo Wasi, Peru (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Continued Advances in Method and Theory for Commingled Remains" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Funerary contexts of commingled remains generally fall into one of two categories: primary mass burials and secondary reinterments. Each of these commingled contexts has standards of documentation, collection, and inventory that have proven effective in the past. At Diablo Wasi, in the northern Peruvian Andes, the funerary...
Supernatural Gamekeepers among the Tsimane’ Hunter-Gatherers of Bolivian Amazonia (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Supernatural Gamekeepers and Animal Masters: A Cross-Cultural Perspective" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We examine the traditional beliefs on supernatural gamekeepers by the Tsimane’ hunter-gatherers of Bolivian Amazonia. As other Amazonian Indigenous groups, the Tsimane’ believe in the existence of supernatural spirits (known as a’mo in Tsimane’ language) who own much of the natural world, including wildlife and...
Supplementary information files, Food and Society at Real Alto, an Early Formative Community in Southwest Coastal Ecuador
LAA article abstract: We investigate foodways at Real Alto, an early Formative (4400 to 1800 BC) Valdivia site in coastal Ecuador, through starch and phytoliths recovered from 50 stone tools from three residential and two ceremonial structures, and from 46 human dentitions, and consider how food reflects social relationships and economy of the community. Maize was important in daily meals and ceremonial foods by Middle Valdivia (2800-2400 BC), but only one component of an agricultural system...
Supplies, Status, and Slavery: Contested Aesthetics at the Haciendas of Nasca (2017)
The coastal wine and brandy-producing estates owned by the Society of Jesus in Nasca held captive a large enslaved population in the 17th and 18th centuries. With a combined population of nearly 600 slaves of diverse sub-Saharan origins, San Joseph and San Xavier de la Nasca were the largest and most profitable of the Jesuit vineyards in the viceroyalty of Peru. These estates were also home to black freepersons and itinerant indigenous and mestizo wage laborers who engaged, exchanged goods,...
Surrounded by the Dead: A Spatial Analysis of Kuelap’s Mortuary Practices, Chachapoyas, Peru (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Kuelap is a monumental archaeological complex in the northeastern Andes that was occupied by the Chachapoya (ca. 500 – 1470 CE) and Inca (1470 – 1535 CE). Previous GIS research in the region has involved architecture and viewshed analysis of funerary features across the Utcubamba valley. This study uses GIS mapping to investigate the within site spatial...
Surveillance at Ancient Hillforts of the Titicaca Basin, Southern Peru: Insights into Social Dynamics and Defensive Strategies (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeologies of Surveillance: Seeing and Power in the Material World" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In this paper we model visibility and movement in and around ancient hillforts or pukaras across the highlands of southern Peru. During the Late Intermediate Period (1000–1450 CE), communities moved to hilltops where houses were often tightly packed together within the confines of large defensive walls. The...
Survey and Mapping of Antimpampa, An Early Horizon Monumental Center in Southern Peru (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Globally, the earliest cultural ecumene are associated with monumental centers that spurred greater local and interregional interaction. Atimpampa, located in the Arequipa region of Peru, is one such monumental center that has remained largely unstudied. This poster presents the preliminary results of our 2020 archaeological survey at Antimpampa, which...
Surveyed with LiDAR: Identifying Lo’i Pondfields in Windward Kohala, Hawai’i Island (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Geospatial Studies in the Archaeology of Oceania" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This project is a demonstration of GIS methods for identifying irrigated agricultural complexes in the heavily vegetated drainage of Halawa Gulch, windward Kohala. Through use of GIS tools on a LiDAR data set I created slope interpolation and elevational profile graphs of potential agricultural sites. In some cases these could be verified...
Surviving Traditions: Pottery with Freshwater Tree Sponge Spicules (Cauixí) in the Great Tectonic Lakes of Exaltation of the Llanos de Moxos, Bolivia (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Andean and Amazonian Ceramics: Advances in Technological Studies" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The ethnic and linguistic diversity of the southwestern Amazon is one of the greatest in the world. This diversity is reflected in settlement patterns, types of monuments, spatial planning and use, cultivation techniques, and also in ceramic production. From AD 400 to the present, numerous ethnic groups of the Llanos de...
Sustainable Visit to Rapa Nui: Global Perspectives (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Social Archaeologies and Islands" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In this paper, I present some research results deriving from a collaborative and interdisciplinary research project called Sustainable Visits in Rapa Nui - Global perspectives. The use of visits refers to tourism, colonization and migrations in the long term perspective, visits with colonial connotations, and research visits and Rapanui migrations, all...
Swordfish Hunting as Prestige Signaling within Middle Holocene Fishing Communities of the Atacama Desert Coast? (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Human Behavioral Ecology at the Coastal Margins: Global Perspectives on Coastal & Maritime Adaptations" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Since around 8500 years BP, the archaeological record on the Southern Coast of the Atacama Desert shows evidence of growing population density and low residential mobility. A maritime specialization process is also evident by a rich set of specialized tools, and a pronounced increase...
Symbolic Behavior in Household Archaeology: A Study of Late Nasca Period and Loro Period Figurines from Zorropata, Nasca, Peru (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Developments through Time on the South Coast of Peru: In Memory of Patrick Carmichael" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Fifty-four fragmentary figurines, including 53 human and one animal, were recovered from archaeological domestic contexts at the site of Zorropata, located in the Las Trancas Valley, Nasca, Peru. Zorropata was a large domestic site with likely ceremonial function occupied from the Late Nasca period...
A Synthesis of Windward Oahu Archaeology (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Research and CRM Are Not Mutually Exclusive: J. Stephen Athens—Forty Years and Counting" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Steve Athens legacy has provided archaeologists working within a historic preservation context a reminder of the numerous opportunities available to conduct research within a cultural resource management setting. This paper argues that not only does historic preservation provide a plethora of funding...