South America (Geographic Keyword)
876-900 (1,326 Records)
This is an abstract from the "“The South Also Exists”: The Current State of Prehistoric Archaeology in Brazil: Dialogues across Different Theoretical Approaches and Research Agendas" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The archaeological record for the early Holocene in Brazil shows great cultural diversity, suggesting the coexistence of different groups. Recently, we have noticed that São Paulo State does not behave differently. These distinct groups...
Paleopathology and the History of Tuberculosis: New Results from Ancient South America (2015)
This paper will first examine skeletal evidence for disseminated TB in the Americas prior to the Era of Exploration. We then consider this American tuberculosis in the context of traditional models and more recent molecular evolutionary models based on contemporary Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strain variation. The most parsimonious current global history for TB places its origin in Africa, then spreading to South and Southeast Asia. Subsequent dispersal to Europe and increased virulence...
Panquilma: Socio-politics in Household Archaeology (2015)
An analysis and discussion contributing to previous research of the socio-political organization found at the Yschma site of Panquilma, located on the Lurin Valley, central Peruvian coast. Panquilma is a 13th–15th century site on the borders of one of the most important and influential religious centers in the Central Andean Coast – Pachacamac. The site of Panquilma is comprised of three sectors; Sector 1 is characterized as the public zone and includes monumental architecture in the form of...
Panquilma’s Architecture: Ideologies involved in the construction process (2016)
This paper explores the ideologies involved in the process of building structures utilized by people of elite and non-elite statuses. The 2015 excavations of compounds at Panquilma revealed a range of domestic and ritual activities. The data recorded suggest that local craft production was embedded in particular religious meanings and/or status paraphernalia related to specific pre-Columbian Late Intermediate Period societies. The association of destruction and regeneration of materials, seen in...
The Paracas Phenomenon as an Interaction Sphere during the First Millenium B.C. (2016)
During the first millenium B. C. the southern coast experiments deep changes in social processes form small household formations to complex societies with central places within interaction networks of short, small and long distance. Thus, Paracas suggests a non-existent homogeneity. Since the Middle Formative, contacts with the North Coast lead to a fusion of local and regional features. During Late Paracas regional traditions, dominate spheres characterized by larger sites linked to smaller...
Parsing out Differential Plant Use Among Households During a Period of War in Puno, Peru (2015)
In the Peruvian altiplano near Lake Titicaca during the Late Intermediate period (LIP; A.D. 1100 to 1450) peoples’ lives were overwhelmingly structured by warfare. Martial conflict between competing ethnic groups incited people to live defensively in fortified hilltop villages during the LIP. However, little is known about the agricultural practices and the internal sociopolitical dynamics of these fighting communities. Drawing on recent excavations and macrobotanical data collected from...
Partnering with Pots: The Work of Materials in the Imperial Inca Project (2016)
New understandings of matter and materiality are being driven by recent theoretical developments in the realm of science, particularly physics and ecology. These evolving orientations are, in turn, contributing to new philosophical thinking on the nature of being and reality. The trickle-down effects of these developments are, in part, responsible for what has been termed “the ontological turn,” a trend that is clearly visible in recent archaeological discourse. The new materialist ontology, in...
Partnerships for Patrimony: A Community-based Approach to Sustainable Archaeological Protection (2016)
This paper will discuss preliminary research related to the complex, contemporary archaeological identities built around the site of Huari, capital of the first Andean Empire, where archaeological remains are of national value and yet contemporary native identities retain a negative connotation in the national imaginary. The project applies an ethnographic method referred to as ‘community-based participatory research’ (Sonya Atalay 2012), which has an initial goal of revealing local campesino...
Past and Present Andean Night Moon Rituals (2016)
Two nighttime rituals, one archaeological and the other ethnographic, are presented for the Andean region of South America. The archaeological case is the 7500-4000 year old littoral mound site of Huaca Prieta on the north coast of Peru where a very dense accumulation of charcoal resulting from fires and rituals formed the site. Recovered at the site were reed torches suggesting nighttime rituals. Today, shamans or curanderos from the north coast still occasionally use the site at night under a...
Past as Future in Times of Colonialism: Women’s Agroforestry Knowledge and Practices across Generations (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Weaving Epistemes: Community-Based Research in Latin America" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper explores the Indigenous agroforestry communities from São Paulo and Paraná during the colonial period in Brazil. It highlights Tupiniquim women's practices, encompassing their roles in transmitting knowledge about plant cultivation, fostering food sovereignty, and preserving their language. Using botanical,...
Pastoralisms of the Andes: a southern and central Andean perspective (2017)
In this paper we contrast and compare the development of pastoralism at two opposite yet complimentary geographical locations with a focus on pastoralist impact on the environment. In Argentina we present the evolution and development of pastoralism [c. 3,300-400BP] in the arid highlands of Antofagasta de la Sierra, as societies negotiated the shift from hunter-gathering to a more mixed, but increasingly, pastoralist economy culminating in late complex agro-pastoralist adaptations. Similarly in...
Paths and plants: territory and mobility among the Laklãnõ/Xokleng in Brazil (2016)
The Laklãnõ Xokleng Indigenous people occupy a tropical forest area of the Southern valley of Brazil, in Santa Catarina. Historically, they were documented as a hunter-gatherer population with high mobility system who occupied and managed an extended and diverse territory, including high plateaus, forested valleys and coastal areas. Archaeologically it is still difficult to affirm if this documented mobility pattern is an (in)direct result of European contact and reorganization of indigenous...
Patrimonio, Políticas de Estado y Arqueólogos. La Experiencia del Ecuador en los Últimos Cuarenta y Cinco Años (2015)
Para un pueblo, conocer, valorar y usufructuar debidamente su patrimonio natural y cultural es parte esencial de su existencia. Para esto es necesario un trabajo colectivo permanente, una práctica social diaria enmarcada en una legislación adecuada y en una dinamia integradora conducida por líderes que cumplan y hagan cumplir las leyes. A los 185 años de vida republicana, el gobierno reconoce la función del Patrimonio como sustento del desarrollo social y económico del país. En consecuencia,...
Patterns of cranial trauma in the Late Intermediate Period Colca Valley, Peru (A.D. 1000-1450) (2016)
Cranial trauma studies of Late Intermediate Period populations (LIP, A.D. 1000-1450) suggest that conflict and social stress were endemic across the south-central Andes, although the nature of interpersonal violence was strongly mediated by local political and social structures. This study explores how individuals buried in elaborate cliffside tombs from the Colca valley of southern Peru experienced violence across the 400-year period preceding Inka imperialism. Cranial trauma rates show high...
Pavao-Zuckerman Pacasmayo Fauna
This project consists of zooarchaeological data from the Pacasmayo and Jequetepeque valleys in the Pacasmayo District of Northern Peru. Sites date from the early to mid holocene, or the Preceramic period (c. 11,000-4000 14C BP) Sites: Several sites in the Pacasmayo and Jequetepeque valley are included in this data. See Stackelbeck 2008 and Dillehay 2011 for detailed site descriptions. Sites include: • CA-09-52, CA-09-77, JE-431, JE-439, JE-790, JE-908, JE-983, JE-993, JE-996, JE-1002,...
Peninsular Background of Latin American Cattle Ranching (1952)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
PEOPLE3k: Demographic Boom and Bust Cycles of Coastal Hunter-gatherers Cycles Track Shifting Upwelling Conditions in Northern Chile (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Global Perspectives on Climate-Human Population Dynamics During the Late Holocene" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Extensive archaeological shell middens can be found throughout coastal northern Chile, where they span more than 9,000 years. They contain abundant terrestrial plants and shellfish remains and can often accumulate very quickly and/or episodically. We use multiple radiocarbon dates to measure local...
Peopling of the High Andes of Northwestern Argentina (2016)
The goal of this presentation is to review the current evidence in order to model the early peopling of the highlands of Northwestern Argentina. Paleoenvironmental evidence of the late Pleistocene and early Holocene is thoroughly reviewed in order to set the scenario of the process of human settlement at the Puna region of Argentina. I will analyze chronological evidence and the archaeological record –especially the archaeofaunas- of early hunter-gatherer occupations dated between 10,500 to the...
Performing the Moche Feast: Plants, Ritual Practice, and Spectacle in the North Coast of Peru (2017)
The site of San José de Moro in the Jequetepeque Valley of the North Coast of Peru is renowned for the discovery of several "Priestess" burials containing women interred with the material accoutrements of the goddess figure from the Moche pantheon. As a burial ground for the Moche elite, San José de Moro presents an excellent case study for ritual performance with burial-related ceremonies taking place concurrently with feasting. In this paper, we discuss the plant evidence for large-scale feast...
Periphery and Perspective: The View from Late Prehispanic Coastal Ecuador (2018)
The small country of Ecuador is sometimes categorized as part of the Andean cultural region and sometimes included in the Intermediate Area. Located as it is next door to archaeological behemoth Peru, Ecuadorian archaeology has frequently been overshadowed by that of its neighbor. Banal oversights, such as maps that show the Inca Empire stretched across the Ecuadorian coast, serve to emphasize the subordinate position of archaeology in the country to the north. Periphery, however, depends on...
Perishable Technology and the Successful Peopling of South America (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent research demonstrates that perishable industries―specifically including the manufacture of textiles, basketry, cordage, and netting―were a well-established, integral component of the Upper Paleolithic milieu in many parts of the Old World. Moreover, extant data suggests that not only were these synergistic technologies part and parcel of the...
Pernil Alto – a Preceramic Horticulturalist Village in Palpa, Southern Peru (2015)
In the Central Andes, plants and animals were domesticated during the Middle Preceramic period (8000-5000 BP). The earliest civilizations, like Caral (Shady 1999,2006), arose around 5000 BP. This process of increasing complexity, however, is far from being understood completely. Whereas most sites of the Middle Preceramic Period with early domesticated plants, like Chilca 1 (Engel 1988), La Paloma (Engel 1980, Benfer 1999) and Huaca Prieta (Bird 1985, Dillehay et al.2012) are located on the...
Persistence and Material Mnemonics in the Cosma Basin: 5000 Years of Ritual Enactment in the Upper Nepeña River, Peru (2017)
The Cosma Complex is located in the Cordillera Negra at the headwaters of the upper Nepeña River Valley, Ancash Peru. Fieldwork conducted between 2014-2016 documented repeated reconstruction episodes associated with the reuse of monumental ritual architecture originally dated to the Late Preceramic (3000-1800 BCE). By the Early Horizon infant remains and other offerings were placed into earlier architectural contexts as a final capping episode on at least one mound. As settlement patterns...
Peru. Ancient Peoples and Places (1957)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Peruvian Fabrics (1916)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.