South America (Geographic Keyword)
901-925 (1,325 Records)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Período Formativo como Ontología: una discusión desde los Andes Septentrionales (30°Lat. S) (2015)
Para el centro norte de Chile (valle de Limarí, 30° lat. S.) se ha propuesto un período Formativo anclado en la noción de progreso y domesticación de plantas y animales, el que marcaba un salto evolutivo dentro de la secuencia histórica de los grupos prehispánicos de la región, evidenciado en la aparición de la alfarería. Aunque en los últimos años se ha discutido la relevancia de la incorporación de la alfarería en la vida de estas comunidades, lo cierto es que se continúa entendiendo este...
Photogrammetry All the Way Down: Multiscalar and Multiplatform Photogrammetry as Primary Spatial Registry in a Large Excavation Project (2017)
In 2016, a large excavation project was carried out at the site of Mawchu Llacta in the Colca Valley of southern Peru. A colonial reduccíon (planned town), Mawchu Llacta is a large site with plazas, chapels, a parish, and domestic compounds. These spaces all consist of complex standing architecture in varying degrees of preservation. Eleven excavation blocks were opened to better understand ritual and everyday life in the town. The extent and distribution of the excavations, however, presented...
Phytolith analysis in Sernambetiba shell mound, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. (2016)
Phytoliths are an important evidence for archaeology to address the behavior of ancient human societies, specifically their relation with botanical contexts. As with any other archaeological material, it is important to assess the preservation of these silica structures, understanding the process of degradation and dissolution that affects them. One of the factors cited in the literature as responsible for the degradation of phytoliths is the alkaline condition of sediments. Humid tropical...
Picking up the Pieces: Bioarchaeological analysis of a looted cist tomb in the mid-Chincha Valley, Peru (2016)
This poster presents a bioarchaeological analysis of a cist tomb in the mid-Chincha Valley, Peru dating to the Late Intermediate Period (c. AD 1100-1450). Though the tomb was partially looted prior to excavation, we successfully reconstructed associations between elements from multiple individuals to gain important data regarding health status and the life course during this dynamic period in late prehistory. The analysis revealed the presence of at least 7 individuals buried in the single cist...
Pigment Identification as a Proxy for Intercultural Interaction in Casma, Ancash during the Initial Period (2100-1000 B.C.E.) (2015)
Differential distribution of mineral resources in the Andean area has necessitated a long history of interaction between coastal and highland peoples. However, when it comes to the Casma Valley, it is not clear when these interactions began. This paper addresses this issue through an examination of the mineralogy of a set of pigment samples collected from tools found at four sites of the Sechin Alto Polity identified by way of X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of the XRD findings will be...
Pigment Mining for Color Meanings: El Condor Mine from Atacama Desert (A.D. 300-1.500) (2017)
The mineralogical richness of the Atacama Desert allowed for the development of an important set of mining-extracting and metallurgic, lapidaric and pigmental productive activities, which became significant activities in the sociocultural dynamics of desert dwellers. El Cóndor mine, an important hematite source located in the middle section of the Loa River, was exploited from the Formative Period (~A.D. 300) until Inka times (~A.D. 1500). In contrast to other mining sites in Atacama, El Cóndor...
Pillage and Production in the Amazon: a View Through the Conibo of the Ucayali Basin, Eastern Peru (1986)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
A Pilot Study in The Application of HPLC-DAD-MS and IRMS In the Analysis of Textile Fibres from the National Gallery of Australia and Archaeological Site Caleta Vitor, Northern Chile (2016)
This pilot study details the application and results of three dye extraction methods, High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection (HPLC-DAD), Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) on camelid fibres extracted from archaeological textiles from Chile and Peru. Dye analysis comprised correlating compounds identified by LCMS to data recorded on HPLC-DAD and finding known natural dye components which matched our results....
The Pinta Ceramic Phase. Explaining a Paracas ceramic phase from Cerro del Gentil (2017)
During the last five years, we have developed an archaeological research program in the southern Peruvian coastal valley of Chincha. This project focuses on the rise of the Paracas society ca. 800-200 BCE. We excavated the monumental Paracas site of Cerro del Gentil located in the Chincha mid-valley where we recovered an important ritual context in a sunken court related to the Pinta phase. The Pinta phase was defined by Dwight Wallace in 1950´s but not has been systematically described. In...
Pisanay and the Endangered Rock Art Traditions of Arequipa, Peru (2017)
Drawing on the archaeological excavations at the site of Pisanay, located in the Sihuas Valley of Arequipa (southern) Peru, this paper will situate the rock art at the site within the broader contexts of multiple rock art traditions in the region. These traditions include both painted and pecked images on rock surfaces, a wide variety of geoglyphs, mobilary art, and sacred offerings made to particular rocks and geographic landmarks that represent huacas (loosely ‘holy places’). Within the...
Plants in Ancient Pots: A Comparative Study of Paleoethnobotanical Results from Unwashed and Washed Ceramics (2017)
Paleoethnobotanists study human-plant interactions in the past, including the role of plants in ancient foodways. Microbotanical remains (phytoliths and starch grains) enable the identification of many plants because their morphology can be diagnostic to the family, genus, and species. Microbotanical samples can be extracted from specific artifacts, such as ceramics, enabling a better understanding of their use. Paleoethnobotanists can thus discern associations between certain vessel types and...
Plants, paths and place-making: examples from the ribeirinhos and the Xokleng/Laklãnõ in Brazil (2015)
The environmental management practiced by traditional societies has already been presented as a model of sustainability and an example of economic flexibility. However, little is said of its meaning for that own population, to whom it certainly exceeds its economic importance. Land is constantly transformed by human action, through selective cuttings, extraction of weeds, fertilization and planting. In this paper I will present two different examples from Brazil, one focusing on a ribeirinho...
Play, learning, games, and chaos: ethnoarchaeology of children’s contributions to archaeological site formation (2015)
Children’s activities represent an under-appreciated aspect of the formation of the archaeological record. Unlike many adult behaviors of interest such as hunting, gathering, agricultural work, pastoral activities, trading, or raw material extraction that have significant components performed away from archaeologically visible habitation locations, most of children’s effects on the record occur within the confines or camps or villages. Children use and discard a wide variety of toys that shift...
Plumbate Origins Revisited (1980)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Polished edge stone tools from the Gulf of Morrosquillo, Caribbean coast of Colombia, evidence of an advanced lithic industry (2016)
Highly polished edge stone tools occur in large numbers all along the Gulf of Morrosquillo’s coastal plain on the Caribbean Coast of Colombia. Despite the remarkably large quantities of stone tools and the impressive craftsmanship they display, they have gone unnoticed by archaeological surveys. In an area where the geology is dominated by a thick sequence of marine sedimentary rocks, the presence of stone tools made from high grade metamorphic and igneous rocks suggest that these were likely...
Political and Economic Dynamics of Maritime Communities of the South Coast of Peru During the First Millenium BC: The Excavations of the Paracas Archaeological Project at Disco Verde and Puerto Nuevo (2016)
Extensively excavated by Frederic Engel in the 1950’s and 1960’s, Disco Verde and Puerto Nuevo are very well known in the archaeological literature of the south coast of Peru for their occupations dating back to the first millennium BC. Recent excavations by the Paracas Archaeological Project in these two sites have resulted in the recovery of crucial information to improve our understanding of the role maritime communities played in the expansion and intensification of long-distance exchange...
The Political Ecology of Camelid Pastoralism by Wari and Tiwanaku Colonists in the Moquegua Valley, Peru (2017)
The Moquegua Valley in southern Peru was the locale where the rival early imperial states of Wari and Tiwanaku established provincial colonial centers. Both Wari and Tiwanaku colonists concentrated their settlements in the low to mid-sierra elevations of the valley, elevations that are not modern zones of camelid husbandry. The political ecology of imperial settlement at this elevation fostered the development of local systems of camelid pastoralism that were significant economic components for...
The Politics of Connectivity at Khonkho Wankane, Bolivia (2015)
Located in the southern Lake Titicaca basin of Bolivia, the Late Formative period (200 BC – AD 500) center of Khonkho Wankane was a dynamic place where groups of mobile agropastoralists and caravan drovers engaged with resident ritual specialists. In a social context characterized by diversity, population fluctuation, and mobility, what form did political practice take? I review evidence from Khonkho Wankane for interaction with areas throughout the south central Andes and I explore some of the...
The Politics of Identity and Affiliation in a Middle Jequetepeque Valley Community (2016)
This paper draws on recent research at Ventanillas, a community in the middle Jequetepeque Valley in northern Peru, to explore how local communities negotiate ethnic identity and political affiliation at the outskirts of large scale polities. On one hand, Ventanillas could be easily understood as the easternmost outpost of the coastal Lambayeque and Chimú states. On the other hand, elite households seem to have been drawing on coastal and highland practices, hosting household-based feasts and...
Politics of Property: A GIS Analysis of the Shifting Value of Agricultural Land in Colonial Cusco (2016)
Recent GIS studies of colonialism combine archival and archaeological data to understand and map changes in political economy, such as settlement patterns, land use, and population aggregations. Such studies often overlook how colonial politics centered on the transformation of value—the social significance of the things and resources that constituted social life. This paper develops a GIS method to document shifts in land value in the Inca imperial capital (Cusco, Peru), during the long process...
Population and History in the Ancient Titicaca Basin (2001)
Matthew Bandy's doctoral dissertation, reporting the results of a settlement survey of 98 square kilometers on the Taraco Peninsula, an area of the Tiwanaku Heartland in the southern Titicaca Basin.
Population Pressure and the Origins of Agriculture: An Archaeological Example from the Coast of Peru. In: Population, Ecology, and Social Evolution (1975)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Population-area scaling in contacted and uncontacted Amazonian indigenous groups (2017)
Sublinear population-area scaling relations have been documented across a range of human societies, from hunter-gatherers to both ancient and modern cities. As such, these scaling patterns seem to capture a common statistical feature of human spatial ecology. In this talk we examine the spatial ecology of both recently-contacted and uncontacted groups in the Amazon Basin. Using a combination of census data, government estimates and imagery we find sublinear scaling between the size of villages...
Portable XRF Analysis of Anthropogenic Soils from the North Coast of Peru: A Comparative Study of Sample Preparation Methods (2016)
The increasing use of portable x-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometers in compositional studies of archaeological materials has led to an ongoing debate over proper use of this equipment, including procedures for sample preparation and homogenization. Due to the diverse nature of archaeological materials, sample preparation methods should be tailored to specific research questions and material types. This study examines the impacts of different sample preparation methods on pXRF analysis of...