Republic of El Salvador (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
2,026-2,050 (2,860 Records)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Pre-Columbian Ceramics in East-Central Belize: A Petrographic Characterization Study (2017)
In 2015-2016, the Stann Creek Regional Archaeology Project (SCRAP) in collaboration with HD Analytical Solutions, initiated a preliminary petrographic characterization study of presumed "local" pottery and daub artifacts, surface collected during settlement survey at the Late to Terminal Classic (ca. 750-1000 C.E.) Maya site of Alabama, Belize. This initial study, though small, has proved mighty in terms of the new information it has revealed, building on earlier studies of Maya communities in...
Pre-Columbian Conflict and Early Social Complexity in Java, Southern Costa Rica (2018)
Based on the Spanish chronicles from the Contact period (Sixteenth century), we know that the inhabitants of what is now Southern Costa Rica were in constant violent conflict, at least during the last pre-Columbian years. On the other side, warriors, captives and trophy heads are a recurrent theme in the sculptures and other artistic representations from this archaeological area. Although the importance of warfare and conflict during the pre-Columbian period has been considered in archaeological...
Pre-Columbian diet and subsistence strategies in the Aconcagua Valley of central Chile, from the Early Ceramic to Late Periods: Evidence from stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic analyses. (2017)
This research documents past diet and subsistence strategies of the pre-Columbian ceramic societies in the Aconcagua Valley of central Chile. We aim to characterize the late Holocene cultural, social and economic interactions of this geographically strategic zone between the semi-arid north and more fertile central Chile. Dynamic changes over the past two millennia include the establishment of culturally heterogeneous enclaves from the north alongside local populations. The broader region of...
Pre-Columbian Huastec Metallurgy (2017)
Although the Huasteca may have had an important role in the emergence and development of metallurgy in Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, little has been published, apart from Dorothy Hosler and Guy Stresser-Péan’s short study on Huastec metallurgy (1992). They proposed that the Huasteca was second earliest region in Mesoamerica after West Mexico to produce bronze alloys artifacts during the Postclassic period. Their research positions the Huasteca as an early adopter and innovator of this technology....
Pre-Columbian Introduction of Legume Trees Prosopis Algarobia Section and Geoffroea decorticans into the Atacama Desert of Northern Chile during the Late Holocene (2018)
Our recent research in the Atacama Desert (18-27°S) proposed that Prosopis trees, Algarobia section (Algarrobo) were introduced during the late Holocene by humans and dispersed through cultural and natural factors. At least 41 direct AMS on seeds and pods retrieved from archaeobotanical and paleoecological contexts (rodent middens and leaf litter deposits) show that the earliest presence occurred ~4200 cal BP but most dates fall over a thousand years later, during and after the Formative period....
Pre-Columbian negative painted pottery; some notes and observations (1985)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Pre-Columbian Pottery Production in Greater Nicoya: A Cross-Regional Analysis (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Cross-Cultural Petrographic Studies of Ceramic Traditions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Spanning northwest Costa Rica and the Isthmus of Rivas in Pacific Nicaragua, the Greater Nicoya archaeological region has been historically interpreted as a cohesive language and culture area (‘primordially’ Chibchan but shifting to Mesoamerican post-AD 800). Since the 1980s, however, researchers have begun to increasingly...
The pre-Columbian sculptures after the Conquest: reutilization and re-significance in Amecameca, México (2017)
The town of Amecameca is located in the southwest of Mexico City, near the volcanoes Popocatepetl and Iztcaccíhuatl. Its origin dates back to pre-Columbian times. The city was part of Chalco empire, which was known for its artisans who made extraordinary sculptures. Over time, many of these sculptures have disappeared, mainly by of the destruction of the Spaniards during the conquest. Currently, there are few examples of sculptures from Amecameca in the museums. Despite this, some inhabitants...
Pre-Contact Hawaiian Animal Burials: Interspecies Interactions and Embodied Experiences (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Zooarchaeological analyses of pre-contact Hawaiian midden deposits have yielded significant information on subsistence practices and, to a lesser extent, associated foodways practices. Archaeologists have also occasionally excavated burials of non-human domesticated animals, including dog, pig, and chicken. These ritual deposits provide unparalleled...
Precarious and Obsolete Infraestructure:Archaeology of Water Networks in Bogota (2017)
Infrastructure is currently one of the critical studies in social sciences at the global level, having been promoted as one of the great promises of equality and accessibility, through good performance and penetration of public services among the population, as well as a tool that would contribute to strengthen the control, authority and visibility of the State. The case study of the calle real of Bogota, being one of the oldest and most important streets in the city, makes visible what became...
The Preceramic Occupation of Greater Chiriqui: An Assessment of our Current Understanding (2018)
The first substantial evidence of a preceramic occupation of Greater Chiriqui resulted from the 1970 excavations of upland rockshelters in the watershed of the Chiriqui River in Western Panama. Results from these excavations were reported in a 1972 dissertation and the 1980 publication Adaptive Radiations in Prehistoric Panama. Our current understanding of the preceramic period occupations in Greater Chiriqui owes more to subsequent innovations in research methods – phytolith and starch grain...
Precious People: Indigenous Medical-Spiritual Relations in the Archaeology of Maya Childhood (2024)
This is an abstract from the "The Marking and Making of Social Persons: Embodied Understandings in the Archaeologies of Childhood and Adolescence" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Previous studies of bodily ornaments from burial contexts have often fixated on notions of wealth, social inequality, and prestige. Although we consider analyses focused on economic wealth, we turn, in particular, to Indigenous and ladino (mestizo) medical-spiritual...
Preclassic Complexity in the Central Karstic Uplands: Yaxnohcah and its Neighbors (2017)
The Preclassic (900 BCE – 150 CE) was the period during which the earliest sedentary communities in the Maya lowlands were founded. Acts that initiated these early civic charters, such as the construction of E-groups and communal platforms, were followed quickly by rapid expansion of communities throughout the landscape, involving population growth, monumental architecture, massive waterworks, and a high degree of sociopolitical complexity. It was also during this period when ideologies and...
Preclassic Faunal Utilization at Pacbitun, Belize. (2018)
Archaeological excavations within the Belize River Valley region have produced robust faunal assemblages that have increased our understanding of the Maya use of animals during the Preclassic. At Pacbitun, located on the southern periphery of the Valley, large scale horizontal excavations are providing insights into animal utilization during the Preclassic period at the site (1000 BC – AD 300). These investigations have probed into plaza floors, residential and ceremonial platforms, as well as...
Preclassic Platforms at Yaxnohcah: Central Eminences for a multinucleated site. (2017)
Yaxnohcah is an important Maya settlement in the southern Campeche lowlands, which, according to what present evidence suggests, had its main civic development during the Middle and Late Preclassic periods. The city’s layout includes some features that are specific to Yaxnohcah, as well as others shared with nearby and distant centres. One of central features of the Yaxnohcah settlement, which it shares with other sites, has been described as "clustered nucleation" or "dismembered" pattern for...
Preclassic Reservoirs and Urbanism at Yaxnohcah, Campeche, Mexico (2017)
The need to collect and store rain water has been proposed as an important urbanizing force during the development of Maya civilization in the Elevated Interior Region on the Maya Lowlands, where surface water is naturally scarce and the dry season lengthy. We present data from Yaxnohcah, Campeche, Mexico indicating that the construction of large reservoirs was an integral part of the development of this urban center in the Middle and Late Preclassic periods. Data collected to date indicate that...
Preclassic Settlement Patterns and Natural Topography in the Mirador Karst Basin of Northern Guatemala (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Recent Multidisciplinary Investigations in the Mirador Basin, Guatemala" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. A new model of Preclassic settlement patterns has emerged with the use of lidar to document a large-scale landscape in northern Guatemala. These patterns include highly sophisticated man-made hydrographic features, monolithic transportation networks, extensive residential complexes, and monumental civic complexes...
Precolonial irrigation systems and settlement Patterns in the valley of Rimac - Peru. (2017)
This investigation is an archaeological analysis of the lower Rimac River Valley, located in the Peruvian Central Coast, where several irrigation channels, that were originated from the River allowed the cultivation of a great extension of land in this valley. The objectives of this study were to establish the occupation sequence and settlement pattern in those artificial valleys in Precolonial times and their relation with this irrigation system. Modern and old maps and aerial photos were used...
Precolumbian Mortuary Practices in Antigua (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. A series of burials were excavated from one of the longest inhabited precolumbian sites in the Caribbean, Indian Creek located in Antigua. Research on mortuary practices throughout the Caribbean remain sparse, with varied excavation strategies and limited documentation further complicating our understanding. Our research design integrated geoarchaeological...
A Precontact, Late Prehistoric Decline in the North American Indigenous Population (2023)
This is an abstract from the "A Tribute to the Contributions of Lawrence C. Todd to World Prehistory" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Lawrence Todd has long contributed to “big picture” research. Here we discuss one instance of such research using a new radiocarbon database (Kelly et al. 2022, American Antiquity) of >104,000 ages to discuss population trends of North America’s Indigenous population of the past 13,000 years. We focus on the late...
Prehispanic plant remains from Altica, Teotihuacan Valley Mexico (2017)
Altica, situated in the southeastern sector of the Teotihuacan Valley, represents the earliest known farming community in this region. Its importance lies in the potential for the recovery of evidence for domestic plant use by these early inhabitants. Plant remains recovered over several decades in the Teotihuacan Valley provide an idea of the predominant plant communities in the area during the Early-Middle Formative, an indicator of local environmental conditions. Preliminary results from the...
Prehistoric Fishing Practices in Bocas del Toro, Panama (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The pre-European population of the Bocas Del Toro Archipelago was more numerous and diverse than previously thought. Fish were a primary source of vertebrate protein throughout the region. Recent findings illustrate that the inhabitants of Sitio Drago consumed both maize and beans, not just root and tree crops as previously assumed. This presentation...
Prehistoric Lithic Economies at the Spring Lake Site, San Marcos, Texas (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Spring Lake Site (41HY160) in San Marcos, Texas, has been referred to by archaeologists as one of the longest, most continuously inhabited sites in North America. The diversity of hydrological, biological, and geological resources has made Spring Lake an attractive locale for human groups from the late Pleistocene to today. Archaeological...
A Prehistory of South America: Ancient Cultural Diversity on the Least Known Continent (2014)
A Prehistory of South America is an overview of the ancient and historic native cultures of the entire continent of South America based on the most recent archaeological investigations. This accessible, clearly written text is designed to engage undergraduate and beginning graduate students in anthropology. For more than 12,000 years, South American cultures ranged from mobile hunters and gatherers to rulers and residents of colossal cities. In the process, native South American societies...