Republic of El Salvador (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
2,176-2,200 (2,860 Records)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeogastronomy: Grocery Lists as Seen from a Multidimensional Perspective" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeobotanists (paleoethnobotanists) often come across small, amorphous carbonized objects (ACO) in their flotation samples. However, identifying ACO’s is often difficult, and as such, they mostly remain unidentified. New ways are therefore necessary to study these objects, which, we hypothesize are in some...
Reconstructing Ancient Pottery Transfer Patterns through Petrographic Analysis: A Case Study of New Caledonian Lapita Pottery Assemblages (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeological Science and African Archaeology: Appreciating the Impact of David Killick" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Humans first arrived in New Caledonia during the Lapita seaborne expansion from New Guinea to Tonga between 1250 and 800 cal BC. We use stylistic and petrographic analyses of Lapita pottery to study social relationships among Lapita communities. New Caledonia has a large island (Grande Terre) with...
Reconstructing Early Settlement in the Northern Lesser Antilles while Honestly Accounting for Site Loss (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Coloring Outside the Lines: Re-situating Understandings of the Lifeways of Earliest Peoples of the Circum-Caribbean" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Significant site loss due to sea-level rise and modern development significantly impacts the known and potentially present inventory of archaeological sites attributable to the initial peopling of small islands in the northern Lesser Antilles. Coastlines available for...
Reconstructing Household Units Using Census Data and Plans (2017)
This paper will present the benefits and limitations of incorporating census data in the analysis of household units in San Juan, Puerto Rico to archaeological investigations. The objective of this research is to study part of the population that resided in four streets, located west of the Cathedral in the capital of San Juan during 1910. The Cathedral Ward was selected with the understanding that the area was associated to elite residents since the 16th century. Specifically, this research is...
Reconstructing the ancestor of corn (1960)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Reconstructing Trajectories of Social Change: A Multiscale Approach Applied to the Valle Central Occidental, Costa Rica (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Advances and New Perspectives in the Isthmo-Colombian Area" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Since 2007, the project "Cambio social precolombino en San Ramón, Alajuela y sus alrededores" has aimed to reconstruct the trajectory of precolumbian social change (from at least 1000 BC to AD 1550) in this region of Costa Rica using systematic and standardized procedures. The most general and ambitious aim of the project is...
Reconstruction of diet and mobility patterns in human remains, bone and teeth, from a mortuary cave (Cueva de la Sepultura) in Tamaulipas, northeastern Mexico through stable isotope analysis (2017)
Bone and teeth were analyzed from multiple burials from a mortuary cave in the North of Mexico, dated around 1400 and 400 BC. Samples from 14 jawbones were analyzed to obtain the δ13C and δ15N of the bone collagen as well as δ13C and δ18O in bone bioapatite; M2 or M3 from the jawbones were cut into a series of layers to obtain multiple isotopic signatures from enamel, structural carbonate and collagen from the dentine of each tooth, representing different periods in the life of the individual....
Reconstructions of 8N-11 and Reforms of Late Classic Copan (2017)
8N-11 is a sub-royal elite residential compound located at the end of the eastern causeway (sac be) in the densely settled Las Sepulturas zone about 850 m from the Copan Main Group. Monumental architecture, carving style and representations of figures with royal attributes demonstrate the high status that residents of the 8N-11 enjoyed in Copan society. In collaboration with the Honduran Institute of Anthropology and History and the Anthropology Department of Harvard University, Project IACASS...
A Record of Changing Pulses and Pathways of Interregional Interaction from Manachaqui Cave in the Northeastern Peruvian Cloud Forest (2018)
Results from analyses of deep, stratified cultural deposits excavated at Manachaqui Cave (3,620 m) in the ancient Chachapoyas region provide a "window" on changing patterns of interregional interaction in Peru’s northern ceja de selva. Located beside a pre-Hispanic paved road, the rock shelter accommodated mobile foragers, cultivators, travelers, and llama caravans moving through networks connecting societies north, south, east, and west. Despite several chronological gaps, Manachaqui’s sequence...
Recovering the iconography of the one snuff tray ever collected in Tiahuanaco (Bolivia) (2017)
The Musée du Quai Branly holds a snuff tray allegedly from Tiahuanaco. It was collected by the geologist Georges Courty during the archaeological excavations conducted on the site by the French Scientific Mission to South America in 1903. The wooden artifact, with inlays of turquoise and metal, is delicately sculpted in low relief, perforated and engraved. Its fragmentary condition has restricted its analysis. A study and conservation plan enabled the recovery of its shape (trapezoidal) and...
Recreating the Late 19th Century Urban Landscape of Puerta de Tierra, San Juan, Puerto Rico. (2018)
Throughout the 19th century, the Spanish colonial capital of Puerto Rico, San Juan underwent an urban expansion outside its city walls. Puerta de Tierra, a neighborhood located east of the walls, registered a steady growth between the 1870s and 1890s. Through the use of primary documents such as maps, construction permit requests, blue prints, and historical photographs it is possible to reconstruct part of this urban landscape. This information in combination with census records can also help...
A rectory divided: mediation of space in a colonial town in the southern Peruvian highlands (2017)
During the 16th century Viceroy Toledo ordered a series of reforms in the Viceroyalty of Peru that involved the forced resettlement of the native population into planned nucleated settlements (reducciones). Toledo believed that these standardized built environments, in conjunction with ecclesiastical regulation, would produce idealized colonial communities. This paper presents the initial results of recent excavations in the rectory at Mawchu Llacta, a reducción in the Colca Valley. The rectory...
Redes viales y prácticas de movilidad en los Valles Occidentales meridionales, área Centro Sur Andina (2017)
En este estudio proponemos una reconstrucción de la red vial de los Valles Occidentales meridionales. A partir de un trabajo de analisis e interpretación de imágenes satelitales. Esta red estuvo organizada sobre la base de diez rutas troncales, diecisiete nodos de primer orden y siete de segundo orden. Analizamos el funcionamiento del sistema de senderos, caminos y poblados durante los períodos Intermedio Tardío y Tardío y su relación con prácticas de movilidad diversas y convergentes....
REDISH AND FAR AWAY VALUABLE: THE Spondylus prínceps IN THE ANCIENT CITY OF TAMTOC (2017)
The ancient city of Tamtoc developed in the Huastec región between 400 B.C and the early XVIth century A.C. A great amount of shell objects have been found here, some of them made of freshwater mussels that live in the nearby rivers, while other are made of marine species from the relatively close Gulf of Mexico. Some pieces, nevertheless were made of species from the far way Pacific coast, one of which is the bivalve Spondylus prínceps. In this paper, the results of the analyses made to the...
Reevaluating an Offering Cache from Isla La Plata, Ecuador (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Coastal Connections: Pacific Coastal Links from Mexico to Ecuador" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. From the Middle Formative onwards, La Plata Island was gradually incorporated into developing local and regional networks of exchange along the Pacific littoral of Ecuador. The island also became the focus of increasing ritual activity evidenced in the material remains of offerings made on the coastal bluffs and at the...
Reevaluating the end of the Early Intermediate Period on the Peruvian coast from the perspective of the Lima culture (2017)
El fin del Periodo Intermedio Temprano en la arqueología peruana ha sido cronológicamente ubicado alrededor del 600 AD y culturalmente es representado por el final de culturas costeñas como Moche, Lima y Nasca. Alrededor del 600 AD hay evidencia de un evento extraordinariamente fuerte de El Niño, el cual ha sido registrado en sitios arqueológicos desde Piura hasta Lima. Este evento (o eventos), fue anteriormente interpretado como una importante causal de la caída de estas culturas costeñas, sin...
Reevaluating the Pre-Columbian Colonization of the Caribbean using Chronometric Hygiene and Bayesian Modeling (2017)
The timing and pattern of initial human arrival to the Caribbean islands is discontinuous and anomalous, especially considering their proximity to both mainland areas and adjacent islands. With the exception of Trinidad, which was probably colonized ca. 8000 BP—but was connected to mainland South America during the late Pleistocene/early Holocene (and remains close to Venezuela)—some of the Antilles appear to have been colonized quite early ca. 7000-6000 BP, while others were settled centuries...
A Reexamination of the Distribution of Jade Artifacts at the Maya Site of Blue Creek in Northwestern Belize (2023)
This is an abstract from the "An Exchange of Ideas: Recent Research on Maya Commodities" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Excavations at Blue Creek from 1992 to 2000 yielded a large collection of jade artifacts with approximately 900 artifacts being found in a single cache in Structure 4 and a total of nearly 1,500 artifacts recovered from throughout the site. In this paper, we revisit our interpretation of the social context of the Structure 4...
Reexamining the Identity of Reverential Termination Rituals in the Maya Lowlands (2017)
In the pursuit to understand ancient Maya ritual, researchers have commonly relied upon the analysis of termination rituals and caches. In the early 2000’s, Jonathan B. Pagliaro, James F. Garber, and Travis W. Stanton introduced a clarification of the terminology, differentiating between reverential and desecratory termination rituals. Following this publication, a surge of studies conceptualizing desecratory termination rituals emerged, while the literature on reverential termination rituals...
Refining Architectural Classifications of Preclassic Monumentality at Early Xunantunich, Belize (2017)
The site of Early Xunantunich in Belize provides us with a rare opportunity to conduct large scale investigations of Preclassic architecture due to its lack of Classic Period overburden. Since 2008, ongoing excavations at the site have yielded a wealth of information regarding Preclassic activities in the area. However, recent investigations of a monumental flat-topped platform at the site have illuminated issues with the ways in which we describe and classify these early structures. In this...
Reflectance Transformation Imaging: New Methods in Documenting Preclassic Maya Graffiti from Holtun, Guatemala (2018)
In the late 19th century, explorers identified graffiti etched in stucco walls of residences, palaces, and temples in the Maya Lowlands. By the mid-20th century, scholars acknowledged that the ancient Maya produced these incised images. Today, archaeologists struggle with documenting these instances of graffiti with precision and accuracy, often relying solely on to-scale line drawings to best represent the graffitied image they see before them. These images can be complex, multilayered, and...
Reflections on the Life, Career and Influence of Stephen D. Fretwell (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Fifty Years of Fretwell and Lucas: Archaeological Applications of Ideal Distribution Models" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Steve Fretwell served as a Visiting Maytag Professor at Arizona State University in the Biology Department in 1976-1977. He was a well-published, aspiring young evolutionary ecologist and taught several courses and seminars. I was a first-year graduate student in anthropology at that time and had...
Reframing Heritage: Indigenous Views in the Forefront (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Politics of Heritage Values: How Archaeologists Deal with Place, Social Memories, Identities, and Socioeconomics" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In many parts of the world, it is assumed that the most important heritage are the ancient sites that are visible on the landscape. This is certainly true within the Maya region of Central America. Projects often start out with the assumption that contemporary Maya...
Refuge, Frontier, No Man's Land: The Changing Nature of the Andean Cloud Forests (2017)
This paper will consider the Amaybamba Valley of southern Peru as an ecological and political frontier zone, from the late prehistoric era until the early colonial period. The Amaybamba region is a part of the cloud forest zone of the eastern Andean slopes, and is thus located where the highlands rapidly shift into the warm tropical lowlands of Amazonia. It is a region that has a complex and highly variable history, one reflecting its environmental characteristics, but often in unpredictable...
Regional Contexts of Sexual Harassment in the United States: A Comparison of the SEAC and SCA Surveys (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Presidential Session: What Is at Stake? The Impacts of Inequity and Harassment on the Practice of Archaeology" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Sexual harassment has long been rampant in the discipline of archaeology, and until recently, our collective understanding of its pervasiveness and effects has been largely anecdotal. Recent surveys on the topic aimed at the memberships of the Southeastern Archaeological...