South America (Continent) (Geographic Keyword)
676-700 (2,200 Records)
The first field school in the Uspallata valley, Mendoza, took place in 2016 and was organized by the Institute for Field Research (IFR). Its goals were to clarify the use of the landscape over the last two thousand years by people with an economy that incorporated hunting, gathering, small-scale agriculture, and possibility llama herding. Research was near one of Mendoza’s best known archaeological sites, Cerro Tunduqueral. This site’s dense rock art has been known for decades, but little is...
Excavations at the City of the Jaguar (2018)
The Mosquitia ecosystem of NE Honduras is a critical region for understanding past patterns of socio-political development and interaction between Mesoamerica and Central America. Caches of ground stone and other objects have long been noted for the region but have never before been systematically examined. Here we report on the recent partial excavation and consolidation of one of these deposits from the newly documented city of the Jaguar, Gracias a Dios, Honduras, constituting a deposit of...
Exchange Competition in Coastal Ecuador during the Late Integration Period (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Political Economies on the Andean Coast" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Exchange relationships were fundamental for the rise of political complexity in ancient coastal Ecuador. Prior to the Spanish conquest, three regional polities compete to dominate long-distance exchange systems in the coast. But, while most of the literature focuses on the Manteños, given to the rich chronicle data, few studies have emphasized on...
Expanding the Archive: Buen Suceso and the Valdivia Tradition in Early Andean Interaction (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Cuando los senderos divergen: Reconsiderando las interacciones entre los Andes Septentrionales y los Andes Centrales durante el 1ro y 2do milenio AEC / When Paths Diverge: Reconsidering Interactions between the Northern and Central Andes, First–Second Millennium BCE" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Valdivia tradition of coastal Ecuador (ca. 3800–1450 BC) was one of the first sedentary, agricultural, and...
Expedient Lithic Procurement at the Katterfeld Quarry-Workshop of Central-West Patagonia (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Expedient Technological Behavior: Global Perspectives and Future Directions" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The study of toolstone procurement in Patagonia is biased in favor of high-quality exotic materials—chiefly obsidian—often transported over large distances as heavily curated artifacts. Lesser-quality sources however may be important in the technological behavior at smaller scales (e.g., basin, subregion). The...
Experiencing Monumentalism in the Late Archaic Cajamarca Highlands of Peru (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Humble Houses to Magnificent Monuments: Papers in Honor of Jerry D. Moore" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. A group of people came together in the early third millennium BCE to construct a large circular plaza bounded by concentric walls of free-standing megaliths. This Late Archaic period, 18 m diameter plaza is located near the summit of the site of Callacpuma in the Cajamarca Basin and has been the subject of mapping...
Experimentación para el análisis del proceso de consumo de huevos de ñandú (Rhea americana) en la Prehistoria (ca.3100 AP) en la costa atlántica del sudeste de Sud América (2007)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
An Experimental Approach to Fracture Variation Attributed to Weapon Morphology Using Replica Chankan Maces (2018)
The use of stone weapons is prevalent throughout the history of the Chanka (C.E. 1050-1400), a civilization that inhabited the Apurímac region in Peru and once rivaled the great Incan Empire. Accordingly, the impact fractures such weapons create provide direct evidence to deciphering the deaths of these Andean warriors and their violent past. This project seeks to provide experimental evidence of fracture variation attributed to differences in weapon morphology, which can be compared to the...
Experimental archaeology of traditional Andean foods: a contribution from organic residue analysis of replicated Formative cooking vessels from Northwest Argentina (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Organic residue and lipid analyses of ceramic artifacts provide important direct information on subsistence economies and foodways, pottery technology, and exchange and trade. Residue analysis needs to be enhanced by experimental data and reference libraries that provide solid frameworks to construct archaeological interpretations. Inspired by the...
Experimental archaeology: replicas and reconstructions (2009)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
An experimental open firing in Colombia (1983)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
An Experimental Reconstruction of Taruma Village Succession and Some Implications (1979)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Explaining Early Complex Society Development in Central America and Northern South America: Patterns, Variation, and Scales of Analysis (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Centralizing Central America: New Evidence, Fresh Perspectives, and Working on New Paradigms" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The early complex societies of Central America and northern South America were once widely recognized for their organizational and cultural diversity. Since that time, greater emphasis has been placed on their shared cultural traits, as revealed through genetic and linguistic data and patterns...
An Exploration of Perimeter Wall Architecture at the Terminal Middle Horizon Site of Los Batanes, Sama, Peru (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological survey and excavation at the coastal desert site of Los Batanes, a Late Middle Horizon-Early Intermediate Period settlement of highlanders in the Sama Valley, southern Peru, have revealed mortuary and residential site components as well as a perimeter wall enclosing the site. Here I report on the findings of perimeter wall excavations in 2018...
Exploratory Mapping of Relationships between Late Preceramic Monuments and their Dynamic Environment in the Callejón de Huaylas, Peru (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Callejón de Huaylas is a valley in the North Central highlands of Peru located in a dynamic environment prone to environmental hazards such as glacial floods, avalanches, landslides, and seismic activity. However, the abundance of archaeological sites and long-term occupation in the Callejón de Huaylas which spans preceramic to modern times, suggests a...
Exploring 10,000 Years of Variation in Weapon Technologies: A Diachronic Analysis of Lithic Projectile Points in the Puna de Atacama (Northern Chile) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "The Global “Impact” of Projectile Technologies: Updating Methods and Regional Overviews of the Invention and Transmission of the Spear-Thrower and the Bow and Arrow" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We present an analysis of the functional design of a collection of 353 projectile points from archaeological sites in the Puna de Atacama (21.9°–24.7° S) that belong to the cultural sequence dating from 12,500 to 2400 years...
Exploring Ancient Subsistence Strategies Through Community Archaeology at Puerto Malabrigo, Chicama Valley, Peru (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Cultivating Food, Land, and Communities" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We embrace community archaeology to explore ancient subsistence strategies and societal resilience to El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events at Puerto Malabrigo, Chicama Valley, Peru. Since the Middle Holocene, Andean societies have experienced ENSOs that, when most powerful, prompt heavy rainfall and flooding in some locations and severe...
Exploring Biological Affiliations and Cultural Perspectives through Dental Morphology at Cerro Juan Díaz, Panamá: A Preliminary Study of the Early Burials (30–650 CE) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Unraveling the Mysteries of the Isthmo-Colombian Area’s Past: A Symposium in Honor of Archaeologist Richard Cooke and His Contributions" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Burial space reuse and prolonged interaction with the dead were common practices in the Isthmo-Colombian Area, dating back to at least the Early Ceramic period. However, it is unknown whether the individuals interred in disturbed, multiple burial...
Exploring Cranial Vault Modification in the Andes Using 3D Imaging Methods (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Intentional cranial vault modification (CVM) has long been considered to be a permanent marker of social identity widely practiced among ancient Andean communities. CVM styles are broadly categorized into annular and tabular types among ancient Andean communities, yet there is substantial variability of among them. In this study, we use three-dimensional...
Exploring Infatigable (1855): First insights from Archaeology into the mid-Nineteenth Century Chilean Navy (2018)
Infatigable was a Chilean Navy sailing transport vessel, lost in the harbour of Valparaiso (32° S) in 1855 as a consequence of an accidental explosion and subsequent fire. Positively identified in 2005, the wrecksite designated site S3 PV has been archaeologically investigated comprehensively during the last decade. The underwater survey and excavations conducted recorded the structural remains of the hull and produced a numerous and varied artefact assemblage to be analyzed. The material...
Exploring Inter-zonal Connections through a Constructed Projectile Point Typology from Cuncaicha Rockshelter (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Cuncaicha rockshelter, Carbun-Ruan, and Pampa Colorada are parts of an early inter-zonal settlement system located in southern Peru. Cuncaicha and Carbun-Ruan are multi-component highland rockshelters, with initial occupations dating respectively to the Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene. Early to Late Holocene sites at Pampa Colorada on the Pacific coast...
Exploring Interethnic Relations in Southern Ecuador through a Comparative Study of Ceramic Production Technologies in the Late Precolumbian Era (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Andean and Amazonian Ceramics: Advances in Technological Studies" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. An important component of Inca statecraft involved the practice of uprooting communities from their home territories and relocating them to distant locales. Ethnohistoric documents indicate that southern Ecuador was densely populated by such transplanted populations, among whom were included specialists dedicated to state...
Exploring Local and Imperial Strategies in the Chincha Valley (2018)
Inca archaeologists have regarded the Chincha Valley as a special case of imperial expansion due to the privileged position that the Chincha held within Tawantinsuyu. From the ethnohistoric documents we learn that the Chincha Kingdom was powerful, controlling long-distance maritime trade to Ecuador. The Chincha also relied on a highly specialized economy composed of fishermen, merchants, and agriculturalists. Previous studies of the Chincha Valley have emphasized coastal centers of fishermen and...
Exploring Mobility and Multi-Directional Lifeways in Pre-Columbian Central America (2018)
To paraphrase the symposium organizers, for decades changes in the pre-Columbian material culture of Central America were attributed to either migration or conquest. When I began archaeological research in Costa Rica in 1969 the endless debate was about Mesoamerican influence. Technological and iconographic linkages were frequently cited, but rarely were the mechanisms of the proposed linkages adequately defined or demonstrated archaeologically. In 2008, perhaps unduly influenced by having moved...
Exploring Obsidian Hafted Scraper Use-Wear Patterns Through Experimental Hide-Working in Southern Patagonia (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Ethnographically, three types of hafted scrapers are found in Patagonia: northern Tehuelche, southern Tehuelche, and Selk'nam. However, due to environmental conditions, hafting materials rarely survive in the archaeological record, hindering our understanding of these tools. To address this gap, we conducted experimental research to characterize the...