Oceania (Continent) (Geographic Keyword)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Woo.

The East Alligator River Region has undergone considerable environmental change throughout the Pleistocene and Holocene, with changing sea levels dramatically altering the ecosystems of this region. Current archaeological models for this region indicate that people adapted their economic activities to successfully exploit these shifting environments. Molluscs have played an important role in the economic activities of these groups and often comprise large portions of the regional assemblages,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rosalind Hunter-Anderson.

This is an abstract from the "Research and CRM Are Not Mutually Exclusive: J. Stephen Athens—Forty Years and Counting" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Paleo-sediment coring studies by archaeologists, pioneered in Micronesia by Steve Athens and colleagues, including myself, in the 1980s, are reviewed and assessed for their contributions to archaeological science in the western Pacific within a CRM context. It is suggested that while data generated...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Huff.

Climate variability generates both opportunities and limitations for subsistence strategies, as well as related settlement patterns and technologies. While not the only driver of behavioral change, climate is a critical force in shaping patterns of past behavior. This paper presents the results of lithic analysis of three sites from the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea that span 20,000 years of occupation. Additionally, the findings from a summed probability distribution analysis of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jerry Pullum.

Documents submitted to the State Department of Planning and Economic Development in support of the Park Complex Project.

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Peterson. James Bayman. Andrea Jalandoni. Maria Kottermair. Ashley Meredith.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Knowledge of navigation and island living among indigenous people of the western Pacific Ocean retain lifeways, legends, and oral history about their migrations in the region. Western enlightenment theories of Pacific migration persist in describing this migration as a wave or diffusion of peoples seeking new lands. However, among islanders, it is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Martin Gibbs.

In 1568, 1595 and 1606 Spanish expeditions out of Peru explored the Solomon Islands (S.W. Pacific) with the intention of establishing colonies. The motivations for these voyages were an uneasy amalgam of ambitions for Imperial and familial advancement, attempts to find the gold mines of Ophir, and religious fervor for converting indigenous populations. Despite repeated historical retelling, little attention has been paid to the structures of the cross-cultural encounters described in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Roscoe.

At contact, a number of New Guinea communities boasted considerable ‘horizontal’ complexity – very large populations (up to 2,500 people) and ceremonial arenas that engaged even more. Many also constructed monumental architectures of organic material and staggering size. These communities included complex fisher-foragers and Big-man horticulturalists, organizations that are commonly identified as only minimally hierarchical. Certainly, their hierarchical institutions were insufficiently...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Helen Higman Leidemann.

Results of archaeological subsurface inventory in support of environmental planning activities related to replacement of base housing. Four days were spent excavating 38 shovel probes and cores, and three days excavating three test units.

DOCUMENT Full-Text U.S. Army Engineer District.

The objective of this document is to correct and update the 2001 EBS so that it can be certified. In 1996 the U.S. Air Force conducted an Environmental Baseline Survey (EBS) on an approximately 170-acre parcel at Bellows Air Force Station (BAFS) that they declared excess. The purpose of that survey was to define and document the presence, nature, and extent of hazardous substances that may require remedial action to protect human health or the environment in accordance with Air Force Instruction...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Boyd Dixon. Mike Dega.

This is an abstract from the "When the Wild Winds Blow: Micronesia Colonization in Pacific Context" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This comparative assessment of the San Roque site in northern Saipan to other early Pre-Latte period sites in the Mariana Islands, circa 1500–1100 BC, presents far from uniform data that suggest that maritime settlers of the archipelago may have targeted a range of natural settings for survival upon arrival. These...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Three pollen samples collected at Wailua 15, along Kuamo’o Road in Wailua, Kaua’i were examined to provide vegetation information for the time periods represented. Two cores (1 and 2) are represented by these three samples.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Seven pollen samples collected from four separate cores at the Kamo’omaika’i fish pond in the Hanalei Ahupua’a of the Halele’a district in Kaua’i were examined (Table 1). The historic use of the area as a fishpond and also for rice agriculture is documented in the historic record. The use of this area prior to 1816, when it was described as a fish pond, is explored through this pollen analysis.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Kawai Nui marsh is located on the northeast coast of Oahu. This site is described as having been used traditionally for taro cultivation. Two cores were taken from the marsh, and individual pollen samples were extracted from the cores and submitted for analysis.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Nine pollen samples were collected from the Military Leaseback Area on Tinian in conjunction with a Cultural Resources Survey. Eight samples represent stratigraphic sediments from Test Unit 2 of archaeological site TN-4-1122 (T-22), located in survey Area 6. The ninth sample was collected during excavation of Test Unit 2 of site TN-1-1189 (T-117), Feature 2, located in Survey Area 7. Pollen analysis was conducted to establish a pattern of vegetation through the depth of sediments represented.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen analyses collected from sediments exposed in trenches for the Kalihi 22 project were conducted in an effort to define the past environment and identify evidence of agriculture. The project is located in the greater Waikiki area on the south shore of Oahu. Samples from trenches in the city center and airport sections have been examined to date.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Recent archaeological work at Kahaluu Ahupua’a, located on the western coast of Hawai’i Island, recovered sediment samples from Po’o Pond. Two samples, one from the southern portion and one from the central portion, collected from one meter below the water table, were submitted for pollen analysis to determine use of the area (Trevor Yucha, personal communication June 29, 2015). Previous pollen analysis for this site examined three sediment samples from open air water wells (Scott Cummings...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

Twenty-one sediment samples from seven culturally modified pits excavated into lava flows in the Pohakuloa Training Area, Hawai’i were submitted for pollen and organic residue analysis. Six additional sediment samples from a Hawai’ian Petrel nesting area on Mauna Loa, located in Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park, were submitted as FTIR control samples representing modern avian activity. These samples were made available specifically to answer the need for identifying the possibility that the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Fill samples from a possible agricultural mound at site CSH 53 and a basalt mound at site CSH 62, Maui, Hawaii, were submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis. These analyses were undertaken to identify what plants were grown at the agricultural mound and identify a function for the basalt mound.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost. R.A. Varney.

Samples collected as part of the Waikiki 88 AIS AMC Ewa Expansion project in Honolulu. Six samples were examined using resistivity to determine whether or not they represented salt pans. Five samples were examined for pollen and one was examined for phytoliths to identify local vegetation and use of the areas tested.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire Smith. Ines Domingo. Didac Roman. Gary Jackson.

The rock art of Doria Gudaluk (Beswick Creek Cave) in the Northern Territory of Australia provided a valuable lesson in the difficulties of interpretation without local knowledge. Now, newly recorded motifs at the site—some only visible through digital enhancement—highlight the dangers of relating stylistic changes to population replacement. When considered in the context of local history, developments in the rock art of Doria Gudaluk during the second half of the twentieth century can be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Stone. Mike Buckley. Scott Fitzpatrick.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. New archaeological excavation at the Ucheliungs site, located in the Rock Islands region of Palau (northwest tropical Pacific), has yielded evidence of mortuary activity and small-scale marine foraging dating to the earliest period of human settlement in the Palauan archipelago, ca. 3000 BP. The assemblage includes a small number of artifacts consisting of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jillian Swift. Samantha Brown. Patrick Kirch. Seth Quintus. Patrick Roberts.

This is an abstract from the "Zooarchaeology and Technology: Case Studies and Applications" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Zooarchaeological analysis in the Pacific is often limited by the large proportion of small, highly fragmented, non-diagnostic remains recovered from archaeological sites. Recent advances in biomolecular methods, including collagen peptide mass fingerprinting (a.k.a. ZooMS) enable increased taxonomic identifications and refine...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kekapalmakaia P. Dye. Thomas S. Dye.

A pre-construction archaeological resource survey was conducted by T. S. Dye & Colleagues, Archaeologists, Inc., at the proposed Iodation of the new Civil Engineering Building at Bellows Air Force Station, Waimanalo, O'ahu. The survey consisted of the excavation of four backhoe trenches, recording of stratigraphy, identification of traditional Hawaiian features, and collection of samples. Excavations revealed a disturbed paleosol throughout the project area, two traditional Hawaiian fire-pit...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Susan A. Lebo. Kekapala Dye. Thomas Dye.

A pre-construction archaeological resources survey was conducted by T S. Dye & Colleagues, Archaeologists, Inc. at the proposed location of the New Recreational Lodging project at Bellows Air Force Station, Waimānalo, O'ahu. The survey was carried out in two phases. During the first phase, nine backhoe trenches excavated in the proposed leach field revealed two buried cultural layers containing numerous small pit features, seven of which were dated to the traditional Hawaiian period. The 7...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Ingleman.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Zooarchaeological analyses of pre-contact Hawaiian midden deposits have yielded significant information on subsistence practices and, to a lesser extent, associated foodways practices. Archaeologists have also occasionally excavated burials of non-human domesticated animals, including dog, pig, and chicken. These ritual deposits provide unparalleled...