United States of America (Geographic Keyword)
551-575 (3,819 Records)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Slow Archaeology + Fast Capitalism: Hard Lessons and Future Strategies from Urban Archaeology" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Nelson Algren (1951) famously titled Chicago the "city on the make”: an urban center self-servingly and frenetically driven by its hustlers. In cities like Chicago, a similar ethos can propel construction projects, often at the expense of cultural resources and archaeological...
"Can We Work Together?": Archaeology And Community Tensions At Camp Security (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Camp Security is a prisoner-of-war camp established during the Revolutionary War and the only such camp to survive modern development. From July 1781 and May 1783, the camp housed 1600-1800 British POWs captured at the Battles of Saratoga and Yorktown. Efforts to locate residential areas in the complex have been ongoing sporadically since the 1970s, but the exact location of the...
Can You Differentiate European Flint From American Chert? (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Flint rock and tools (eg., gunflints, projectile points, ballast) are sometimes found during archaeological surveys. However, identification can be difficult for field archaeologists who have not studied lithic geology (Langley et al., 2016). An assortment of 100 numbered geological specimens from various sedimentary strata in Europe and America will be available for visitors to inspect...
Can You Dig it? Case Studies in New England Colonial House Sites Archaeology (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "“Talkin’ ‘Bout a Revolution”: Identifying and Understanding Early Historic-Period House Sites" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Well-preserved Colonial-period house sites have been discovered in agricultural fields, beneath deep fill deposits, in urban areas, next to major roadways, and under suburban lawns. The 17th- and 18th- century house sites discussed in this paper demonstrate that early colonial...
Can You Hear Me Now? Establishing an Archaeological Connection in the World of Telecommunication (2018)
Driven by the desire to learn, explore, and grow in the field of archaeology, those who chase this life are often left asking themselves: to CRM or not to CRM? Cultural Resource Management, specifically Phase I survey, is not what many would consider "exciting" or even "sexy". All that in mind, I have taken on the task of building and managing a multi-state CRM program built on the foundation of telecommunications projects and Phase I surveys. Telecom has created a unique environment that...
Can You See Me Now?: Exploring Lines Of Sight On A Virginia Plantation (2018)
As part of ongoing archaeological investigations of Quarter Site B at Belle Grove Plantation in Virginia’s Shenandoah Valley, geospatial data from various sources are being compiled and analyzed in ArcGIS. Of particular interest is the spatial relationship between the quarter site and the two main loci of white control over the plantation, the manor house and the plantation office/store. This presentation uses viewshed analysis and 3D visualization to explore visibility and lines of sight within...
Can't See the Forest for the Trees: The Upland South Folk Cemetery Tradition on United States Army Corps of Engineers Land in Georgia (2017)
The nature of the mission of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers--water management, and the dams and reservoirs necessary to accomplish this mission have resulted in many familial and community cemeteries on USACE land falling under the stewardship of the Corps. The desire to settle near productive bodies of water, the time period around which these areas were being settled, and the preference to establish these cemeteries on high grounds resulted in numerous examples of the "Upland South Folk...
A Canoe on a Sand Bar: The Remarkable Story of the Guth Canoe in Northeast Arkansas (2015)
For thousands of years before motorized transportation, dugout canoes were the mode of water travel in interior North America. Due to their perishable nature, they are rarely found archaeologically. Most have been preserved due to being kept submerged in anaerobic conditions or buried in underwater sediments. In Arkansas, only a handful have been found, all in riverine situations. The severe flooding in northeast Arkansas in 2008 dislodged a dugout in the St. Francis River that ended up on a...
The Cape Point Maritime Cultural Landscape: Lighthouses, Shipwrecks, Baboons and Heritage Tourism in South Africa (2015)
Since 2004, the Cape Point Nature Reserve has been part of the Cape Floral Kingdom, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The spectacular reserve has an abundance of wildlife, historic shipwrecks and a lighthouse. A shipwreck hiking trail is a popular feature. Heritage visitation combined with nature tourism is a key component in South African economic growth today. The Cape Point area is a good example of showcasing a global maritime cultural landscape in a broader context and this study explores the...
Capitalism, Hobos, and the Gilded Age: An Archaeology of Communitization in the Inbetween (2017)
The years following the Civil War and leading up to the Great Depression are largely left out of archaeological discourse. Whether as a result of perceived temporal insignificance (it’s not old enough!), or the assumed ephemerality of such assemblages, peoples dispossessed of their homes as a result of the greatest crisis in modern capitalism have been forgotten in mainstream discourse and effectively ignored by archaeologists. A focus on capitalism within historical archaeology supports this...
A Capitol Hill Cellar: Analysis Of The Cellar Feature From The Shotgun House Archaeology Project In Washington, D.C. (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. A modest, one-story frame Shotgun style house located in the historic Capitol Hill neighborhood in Southeast Washington, D.C. was once home to German immigrant families and their descendants from the first half of the 19th century through the 20th. Archaeological investigations within the footprint of the house uncovered a backfilled, brick-lined cellar, full of fragmented household...
Captain Ewald's Odyssey: Some Context for the 1777-78 Philadelphia Campaign (2016)
This paper interprets the various actions and violent encounters between the American Revolutionary Army and the British Crown forces in the Philadelphia Campaign of 1777-78. Probably one of the most significant narratives imbedded in these events is the role of the Hessian mercenaries fighting for the Royalist cause. Fortunately, the diary that Captain Johann von Ewald wrote has survived to brilliantly annotate this critical moment in the history of the war. He was an unusually candid and keen...
Capturing the Stronghold on Glass: Using 19th Century Stereographic Photographs for Enhanced Battlefield Survey at Lava Beds National Monument. (2015)
In April 1873 Eadweard Muybridge and Louis Heller came to the Lava Beds in northern California to photograph the sites, scenes, and participants of the Modoc War. They produced more than 75 stereo photographs, providing an unparalleled record documenting fortifications, weapons, U.S. Army field camps, and Modoc cave and camp locations. Many of these photographs detail Captain Jack’s Stronghold, the site of both Modoc and U.S. Army camps, and two major battles. These photographs proved to be...
The Carceral Side of Freedom (2018)
When we remember the great American values of freedom and opportunity, do we also remember the cost, and those at whose expense those values are gained? The historic site of Fort Snelling in Minnesota has been reconstructed and interpreted as a frontier fort, opening the west to settlers. Yet the site also has witnessed the failed promises to Native peoples, the ambivalent status of enslaved African Americans in non-slavery territories, and the struggles to belong by Japanese American soldiers...
The Care and Feeding of the Hermitage Mansion Household: Interpreting the Structural and Archaeological Evidence (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. For Andrew Jackson, the centerpiece of his plantation, The Hermitage, was his family’s imposing Greek Revival mansion. As with most plantation “big houses,” the floorplan was designed to balance the desired comforts and privacy of the Jackson family with the need for near constant access by enslaved laborers taking care of the household. For the Hermitage mansion, the kitchen and...
Caribbean Colonialism and Space Archaeology (2017)
The analysis of high-resolution satellite imagery to aid archaeological understanding, or "Space Archaeology" as it is sometimes called, presents a largely untapped set of methodologies for historical archaeological work. This project makes use of Normalized Differential Vegetation Indexes (NDVI) calculated on high-resolution satellite images of the British Virgin Islands. These data are combined with historic maps to analyze the different productive potentials of different plantations and...
"Caring for Their Prisoner Compatriots": Health and Dental Hygiene at the Kooskia Internment Camp (2015)
The Kooskia Internment Camp (KIC) near Lowell, Idaho, housed Japanese internees during World War II. Open from 1943 to 1945, Kooskia was home to 256 Japanese men who helped to build U.S. Highway 12 during their stay. As detainees of the U.S. Department of Justice, these individuals were treated as foreign prisoners of war and were therefore subject to the conditions of the 1929 Geneva Convention. As such, the internees possessed the right to adequate medical care. Artifacts recovered from the...
Caring Forthe Future With Archaeology (2017)
Historical archaeology is a useful method for discovering silenced and hidden pasts that force reconsideration of how the present came to be and at what and who’s expense. This impulse regularly generates deeper appreciations for the power of the past in and over the present. Yet, archaeologists less often move their results forward to engage with the futures that contemporary people, such as descendant and local communities, can make with new archaeological knowledge. This is surprising since a...
Carissimo Salvatore: An Archaeological view of Italian Service Units at the Presidio of San Francisco (2015)
Over 50,000 Italian prisoners of war were transported to the United States during World War II. After Italy negotiated an armistice with the Allies, POWs were presented with a choice. Those that signed an oath of allegiance to the new Italian government were assigned to Italian Service Units (ISUs). They provided support services for the United States military in exchange for limited freedoms and better living conditions. Those that refused to sign the oath remained in POW camps. This paper...
‘Carmelo’s Cabinet’: The Material Culture of Collections in the Anthracite Region of Pennsylvania (2015)
Personal collections of objects reflect individual orderings of the material world, particularly when they encompass the realms of work, domestic life, health, aesthetics and religion. As complete sets, they are like an idealized version of an archaeological assemblage: intact, curated, annotated, and often traceable to an individual life trajectory and historical period. Carmelo Fierro was an Italian immigrant who came to American in 1902, carrying with him a small cabinet packed with small...
Carpeted with Ammunition: Investigations of the Florence D shipwreck site, Northern Territory, Australia (2017)
The American transport ship Florence D disappeared in the murky waters off of the Tiwi Islands after being bombed by Japanese fighter planes on their return from the first air attack on Darwin Harbour on 19 February 1942. Considered one Australia’s great wartime mysteries, the location of the site was unknown until discovered by a local fisherman in 2006. Archaeological investigations of the wreck later conducted by teams from the Northern Territory’s Heritage Branch verified the identity of the...
Carving out Niches for Rest and Resistance: Landscape Adaptation Writ Small at the Slave Cabins of Kingsley Plantation (2018)
Historians and archaeologists alike have noted the structural repression imposed by the plantation landscape. The organization of spaces and various structures on plantations allowed for optimal surveillance through the establishment of clearly delineated areas suggesting prescribed labor or activity. Personal spaces associated with enslaved Africans or African Americans were often easily visible from parts of the plantation that were typically occupied by white authority figures. Archaeological...
A Case for Photogrammetry in Deepwater Archaeological Site Investigations (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Advances in software combined with modern high-end computing have made the ability to create highly accurate maps and models of deepwater shipwrecks a reality. The capacity to create scaled and measurable models restore one of the fundamental tenants of mapping sites in terrestrial archaeology, but in an environment that was previously restricted by cost, time, access, and accuracy....
A Case for STP Survey on Carribean Plantations: Stewart Castle, Jamaica (2017)
In this paper, we argue that site survey, prior to and in addition to open area excavation, is essential to addressing our understanding of the contested landscapes of plantation life. Building on a research strategy employed by DAACS on former British Caribbean plantations, preliminary results from 2016 fieldwork at the eighteenth-century Jamaican sugar estate of Stewart Castle suggest the methodological power and analytical opportunities of systematic shovel-test-pit (STP) survey. This...
A Case of Spanish Barbery? - Revisiting The Obsidian Blades From The 1554 Wreck Of The San Esteban (41KN10) (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Plus Ultra: An examination of current research in Spanish Colonial/Iberian Underwater and Terrestrial Archaeology in the Western Hemisphere." , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Between 1972-1975, four obsidian blades from the 1554 shipwreck of the Spanish ship the San Esteban (41KN10) were recovered by archeologists off the coast of South Padre Island, Texas. Chemical sourcing of the specimens by the Missouri...