Europe: Western Europe (Geographic Keyword)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth De Marigny.

Through a comparative analysis of ceramic materials from several archaeological sites including the Cividade de Bagunte, this paper explores the effects of Romanization on the fields of production and consumption belonging to the Castro Culture of northwest Iberia. These sites were chosen because the archaeological materials uncovered reflect differences in social, political, and economic organization from the Iron Age to the Roman period. Further, the proximity of these sites to one another...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Ranlett.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Since the Lower Paleolithic, the collections and/or minimal modification of rare or unusual materials – ‘precious’ materials – such as amber, lignite, soapstone, has been a part of the human behavioral suite (Moncel et al. 2012). During the Upper Paleolithic, this behavior intensified as these materials were routinely incorporated into symbolic systems through...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Fennelly.

In the nineteenth century, the northern city of Sheffield in England developed significantly as the city’s traditional manufacturing output – metal and metalworking – was industrialised on a mass scale. To support this rapidly growing industrial city, services like railways and gasworks were constructed around the city perimeter, along with housing, shops, and other services and institutions. Neighbourhoods like the industrial colony of Parkwood Springs were home to long term residents, and a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Taylor Zaneri.

This is an abstract from the "Approaches to the Archaeology of Health: Sewers, Snakebites, and Skeletons" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. What was a healthy and clean city in medieval Europe and how was this achieved? How did cities oversee the disposal of domestic and industrial waste and the preservation of clean water? This paper examines how refuse management was handled by households, workshops, and neighborhoods from AD 1200 to 1500 in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gillian Wong. Dorothée Drucker. Britt Starkovich. Nicholas Conard.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Swabian Jura of Southwest Germany is home to some of the best studied Paleolithic archaeological sites in the world. These sites have diverse artifact assemblages that include bone and lithic artifacts, art objects, combustion features, microfaunal remains, and archaeobotanical remains. This diversity allows researchers to reconstruct past environments...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Simon Paquin. Ariane Burke.

Paleoenvironmental reconstruction is an important tool for evaluating and understanding interactions between human populations and their environment during Prehistory. The downscaled global paleoclimatic models produced by the multidisciplinary efforts of the Hominins Dispersal Research Group allow for a fine-scale examination of climatic conditions in Paleolithic Europe. These models enable a spatial accuracy of 15 x 15 km and the consideration of inter-annual variability for different climatic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anežka Koterová. Rebeka Rmoutilová. Vlastimil Králík. Pavel Ružicka. Jaroslav Bružek.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the contemporary bioarchaeology and anthropology in general, 3D imaging technologies are being used more frequently. They offer many new possibilities, among which we can mention for instance a possibility of permanent documentation, an easier and faster sharing of data among institutions or new opportunities of data analysis. 3D surface data may be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Seren Griffiths. Ben Edwards. Tom Higham. Julian Thomas.

This is an abstract from the "Constructing Chronologies I: Stratification and Correlation" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeology, at its broadest, constitutes a specific set of practices utilizing material culture to create meaningful narratives. Central to this is our discipline’s relationships with time. This paper will discuss the "time dimensions" and ways archaeological narratives are structured. We suggest that archaeologists need to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ann Eberwein.

The lake dwelling sites of circum-Alpine Europe were discovered by the archaeological community in the mid-19th century and their artifacts were dispersed to museum collections in the United States and Europe. The Milwaukee Public Museum houses one such collection, which includes zoological material, textile fragments, tools, and carbonized botanicals and food. This paper focuses on the collection of plants and food, which come from Robenhausen, a lake-dwelling site south of Zurich. In studying...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brittany Hill.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This work considers the implications of human-animal relationships as they are found in the mortuary record of Verulamium- modern town of St. Albans, England. Once considered to be a major center, the mortuary rites given to its people suggest high variability in the role specific animal species played within the living and death culture of the city. While 480...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Manuel Alcaraz-Castaño. José-Javier Alcolea. Luis Luque. Samuel Castillo-Jiménez. Felipe Cuartero.

This is an abstract from the "Expedient Technological Behavior: Global Perspectives and Future Directions" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Terminal Gravettian, first defined in Central Portugal, is a relative outlier concerning the exploitation of lithic raw materials during the Upper Paleolithic of southwest Europe, as especially shown by an intensive use of quartz. Although Terminal Gravettian assemblages often include the production of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Aidan O'Sullivan.

Experimental archaeology can be defined as the reconstruction of past buildings, technologies, objects and environmental contexts, their testing and use, so as to gain a better understanding of the role of material culture in people’s lives in the past. We explore ideas of craft, materiality, knowledge, skills and the use of different materials to practically test how people made, used and discarded things in the past. This paper will investigate how early medieval houses in Europe can be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott Stull.

Central to anthropology is the concept of participant observation, where a researcher engages in immersive learning through ethnographic fieldwork. This concept is also important for archaeologists as immersive learning provides an avenue for more robust interpretation and the development of better research questions. Participant observation is not directly possible in the study of medieval archaeology, but replication studies of food culture can serve as one avenue toward immersive learning in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter Kakos.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. For over a century the so-called "Venus Figurines" have inspired a plethora of scientific discourse and speculation regarding their meaning and function in the Upper-Paleolithic. This paper examines a more down-to-earth explanation regarding their forms and features that most likely reflects the food resources utilized by Upper Paleolithic cultures rather than...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Esme Hookway.

This is an abstract from the "The Health and Welfare of Children in the Past" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the medieval period (AD 1050-1600) in England, hospitals were associated with the Church and most were governed by Church rule. Distinct types of hospitals were founded: leper hospitals, general infirmaries, and alms houses. These sites provided care, shelter, and spiritual nourishment for those in need. Many hospitals had admission...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tom Fowler. Carly Ameen. Naomi Sykes.

This is an abstract from the "Frontiers in Animal Management: Unconventional Species, New Methods, and Understudied Regions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological studies of animal management have traditionally focused on domestic livestock, such as cattle, sheep/goat and horses. Within farming societies, less attention has been paid to wild animals - particularly smaller taxa, such as lagomorphs. Evidence suggests that the brown hare...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jordan Bowers.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the Late Iron Age, the Ave River Valley of Northern Portugal was one of the most densely populated areas of the Castro Culture, an archaeological culture in Northwest Iberia. Settlements at this time varied in size from small agricultural sites to large urban hillforts. In this poster, I explore the movement of people, and, by connection, goods and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard Madgwick. Carmen Esposito. Angela Lamb.

This is an abstract from the "Integrating Isotope Analyses: The State of Play and Future Directions" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age (ca. 800–400 BC) was a time of great transition in various parts of Europe, largely relating to climatic deterioration and the breakdown of networks surrounding the production and trade of Bronze. In southern Britain this saw the rise of a new site type, commonly termed a midden....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victoria Priola.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Lightweight crescent-shaped ceramics with perforations on each end are fairly common finds at Copper Age settlements in southwestern Iberia. These objects are usually assumed to be related to textile production, however, the actual function of these objects is often debated. Were these ceramic crescents, often weighing less than 100 g, heavy enough to function...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ian Kuijt. Meredith Chesson. Grainne Malone.

This is an abstract from the "Making Historical Archaeology Matter: Rethinking an Engaged Archaeology of Nineteenth- to Twenty-First-Century Rural Communities of Western Ireland and Southern Italy" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. How do historical archaeologists reconstruct the life-history of residential buildings, and to what extent can archaeology, ethnography, and oral history be combined to generate a life history? The concept of house and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rebekah Mills. Lauren Brooks. Rachel Brody. Valerie Watson. Zoe Merod.

This is an abstract from the "Female Firsts: Celebrating Archaeology’s Pioneering Women on the 101st Anniversary of the 19th Amendment " session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2018, among the top five hashtags in Ireland was #repealthe8th. On May 25, 2018, the amendment that largely banned all abortions was repealed. With this vote, many Irish women felt their voices were finally heard. With women's rights and activism at the forefront in Irish...

DOCUMENT Citation Only João Cascalheira. Joana Belmiro. Lino André. Roxane Matias. Célia Gonçalves.

This is an abstract from the "Fire-Cracked Rock: Research in Cooking and Noncooking Contexts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Muge Mesolithic shell mounds (Central Portugal) are known worldwide for their monumentality and extremely rich archaeological and paleoanthropological records. Although these sites have been studied for over 150 years, one (particularly numerous) category of artifacts has been repeatedly ignored: fire-cracked rock (FCR)....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Genevieve Pothier Bouchard. Julien Riel-Salvatore. Fabio Negrino. Michael Buckley.

This is an abstract from the "Recent Advances in the Prehistory of Liguria and Neighboring Regions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Located in the Balzi Rossi Paleolithic site complex, Riparo Bombrini documents the oldest Proto-Aurignacian occupations in Liguria, Italy along with the neighboring site of Riparo Mochi. Bombrini itself is the sole site to have been entirely excavated and documented with modern archaeological methods. This makes it a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Allison Casaly.

This is an abstract from the "On the Periphery or the Leading Edge? Research in Prehistoric Ireland" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper explores the role played by waterways in the social exchange characteristic of Bronze Age Europe. It uses personal ornamentation as a proxy for social groupings, based on strong theoretical arguments establishing the necessity of a common ‘grammar’ to the relay of information via physical adornment. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kayt (Kathryn) Hawkins.

This is an abstract from the "Archaeologies of Motherhood" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Since the mid-nineteenth century in Britain, a small collection of Roman spouted ceramic vessels have been assigned the functional description of “infant feeders” or “baby bottles,” primarily through their recovery from infant and child burial contexts. Vessels of this type have been recorded from across the Roman Empire, yet in Britain they are relatively...