North America: Pacific Northwest Coast and Plateau (Geographic Keyword)
26-50 (274 Records)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bayesian analysis of eight calibrated radiocarbon dates from the Sentinel Gap site (central Washington) are presented. Application of a Bayesian framework provides a method of reassessing uncertainty in the age-range provided by this suite of assays. The Bayesian chronology generated through this analysis establishes a higher resolution temporal placement for...
Bayesian Models for the Occupational History of Complex Hunter-Gatherer-Fisher Communities in the Interior Pacific Northwest (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Complex Fisher-Hunter-Gatherers of North America" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The interior Pacific Northwest landscape contains a system of waterways that coalesce to form three major drainages with outlets in the Pacific Ocean. Substantial evidence has been provided that complex hunter-gatherer-fisher communities occupied sites in these river drainages during the late Holocene. Some chronological frameworks...
Beringia Underwater: The Search for New Archaeological Sites on the Pacific Northwest Coast (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Advances in Global Submerged Paleolandscapes Research" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. When and how people first arrived in the Americas remains one of archaeology’s greatest mysteries. The earliest archaeological evidence suggests that people migrated from Siberia across the Bering Strait, Beringia, and into Alaska around 14,000 years ago. Where they went from there is still unclear! One hypothesis is that these First...
The Best Defense is a Good Offense: Culturally Affiliating the Ancient One by Following the Law (2018)
The 20 year journey to repatriation of the Ancient One was long, arduous, frustrating, eye opening, and an education in the NAGPRA law. Over the years we have discovered how poorly understood the law can be. In the case of the Ancient One, the ownership or control of his remains falls under Section 3 of NAGPRA for inadvertent discoveries on federal lands after 1990. An overview of the evidentiary standard applicable to cultural affiliation determinations under NAGPRA will be presented. All...
Beyond Clickbait: Contextualizing Our Shared Heritage in Divisive Times (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Outreach and Education: Examples of Approaches and Strategies from the Pacific Northwest" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Federal archaeologists are in a unique position to inform the public perception of historic issues, archaeological research, and community-specific concerns. Respecting the viewpoints of diverse, often conflicting, stakeholders forces multiple use agencies to think and act in creative ways as...
Beyond Paleoarchaic Lithic Procurement at the Bear Creek Site (2023)
This is an abstract from the "The Second-Oldest Sites in the Pacific Northwest" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. More than 3,600 chipped stone artifacts were recovered from the Bear Creek site in Redmond, Washington, primarily from a context dating to ca. 12,500–10,000 cal BP. Projectile point styles include unfluted lanceolate and Western Stemmed Tradition points. The site was excavated as part of a cultural resources management project in 2009 and...
Beyond the Biface: Revisiting Cobble Tool Use During the Cascade Phase at the Kelly Forks Work Center Site, Idaho (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Cascade Phase, spanning roughly 9000-5000 years BP, is defined by distinctive lithic technology and edge-ground cobbles. Archaeological data suggests mobile foragers temporarily camped in resource-rich areas during this period. Despite its recognition as a unique cultural period, our understanding of Cascade Phase lifeways, particularly resource use...
Binaries, Landforms, and Clam Gardens on the Northwest Coast of North America (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Political Geologies in the Ancient and Recent Pasts: Ontology, Knowledge, and Affect" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The imposition of colonial authority throughout the Indigenous Northwest Coast of North America brought with it two long-standing western binaries—agricultural/not and natural/anthropogenic. Within these, Northwest Coast peoples were viewed as not agricultural (useful for alienating them from land) and...
The Blown Glass Beads of Garden Bay, British Columbia (2018)
In May 2015, a disturbed burial was uncovered in Garden Bay, British Columbia, within close proximity to the large shíshálh village site of Sexwamin (DjSa-3). Found in association with the burial were 244 intact smooth, unadorned mold-blown (SUMB) glass beads and 40 SUMB glass bead fragments. Due to their extremely fragile nature, blown glass beads are rare in archaeological contexts and the beads from Garden Bay are from one of only five sites in North America where SUMB glass beads have been...
Born and Bred on the Columbia Plateau: The Ancient One in Time and Place (2018)
In looking at all available population specific data for the Columbia Plateau, the Ancient One falls within the variability exhibited on the southern Columbia Plateau at the same time period and throughout time. He was not outside of the norm for the population existing during the Early Cascade period when he was alive and for the population that followed for which he has a shared group identity. The Ancient One’s biological identity, cranial morphology, stable isotope values, and DNA data...
Born on the Columbia Plateau: Cultural Affiliation for the Ancient One (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. NAGPRA’s preponderance of evidence standard is utilized to demonstrate a relationship of shared group identity between the Ancient One (Kennewick Man) and the Colville, Nez Perce, Umatilla, Wanapum, and Yakama tribes. Data is presented within the evidentiary standard applicable to cultural affiliation determinations under Section 3 of NAGPRA. Scientific...
Bridal Veil Lumbering Company: A Glimpse into an Intact Early Logging System in the Columbia River Gorge (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Logging was an economic and cultural pillar of the Pacific Northwest. The Bridal Veil Lumbering Company, a logging company operating in the Columbia River Gorge in Oregon State, was the longest continuously operating early lumber mill west of the Mississippi. The company spanned a timeframe that encompassed a wide range of technologies, immigration trends, and...
The Bridal Veil Lumbering Company: Indications of Advancing Technologies and Improved Residential Conditions at Camp A (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Logging was an economic and cultural pillar of the Pacific Northwest. The Bridal Veil Lumbering Company, a logging company operating in the Columbia River Gorge in Oregon State, was the longest continuously operating early lumber mill west of the Mississippi River. The company spanned a timeframe that encompassed a wide range of technologies, immigration...
Buck Lake, Archaeological Research, and Subsistence and Settlement Patterns at Mount Rainier National Park (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Research and CRM Are Not Mutually Exclusive: J. Stephen Athens—Forty Years and Counting" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. For the past two decades, research directed at establishing onset of human use, patterned use of montane habitats, integration into lowland subsistence and settlement systems, and temporal change has been imbedded into CRM practices at Mount Rainier National Park. Once thought to be of little value...
Building Bridges: Federal, State, and Tribal Collaboration on the US 101 Elwha River Bridge Replacement Project, Washington State (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Byways to the Past: An American Highway Archaeology Symposium" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Dam removal is restoring the culturally significant ecosystem of the Elwha River on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula, but the resulting increase in water flow at the US 101 Elwha River Bridge has accelerated erosion at pier foundations, necessitating replacement. Ethnographic and archaeological evidence indicate the area...
Building Islands on the Northwest Coast: Intertwined Histories of Cultural and Geomorphological Landform Development at Garden Island, Prince Rupert Harbour, Canada (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Coastal Environments in Archaeology: Ancient Life, Lore, and Landscapes" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Some of the most immense anthropogenic shell-bearing archaeological sites in North America are located in and around the Prince Rupert Harbour, on the northern coast of British Columbia. The largest ancient villages have shell deposits upward of 10 m deep and over a hectare in area, resulting from a combination of...
Building Nearest Neighbor Models of Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems Using Four Case Studies for the Northwest Coast of North America (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Spatial analysis of settlement patterns have traditionally focused on hierarchical city states. Seldom do settlement pattern studies use spatial statistics to characterize hunter-gatherer settlement systems. Through the application of nearest neighbor analysis this paper characterizes the settlement patterns for four sub-regions of the Northwest Coast of North...
Burning the Record in Order to Save It: Cultural Fire as Archaeological Survey Method (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Global heating is increasing the size and frequency of catastrophic wildfires in the American West, with the 2020 wildfires burning nearly 2% of the area of Oregon. In the year following, hundreds of new archaeological sites within the Ceded Lands of the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde (CTGR) were recorded. Despite decades of archaeological surveys of...
Bury Me with Beads (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Ground stone disk beads represented a tangible signal of wealth within the Salish Sea archaeological record; they appeared continuously from 7,000 – 500 BP across the region in scattered frequencies to massive caches. The massive caches were often observed in a burial context, despite non-burial contexts being more frequent and wide-spread. The differences in...
Bye Bye Bye: Vanishing Shorelines and Cultural Resource Management along the Oregon Coast (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeology from Western North America" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Over the past 100 years the coastline of Oregon has undergone a dramatic change as Euro-American settlement has forever altered the natural shoreline. Significant changes include placement of rip rap and forced stabilization of naturally shifting dunes. Urban development has resulted in changes to natural movement and deposition of sediments and...
Call of the Wild: Historic Preservation in Region 1’s Wilderness (2018)
Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service manages more than 25 million acres in Washington, Idaho, Montana, and North and South Dakota, with more than five million acres designated as Wilderness and Wilderness Study Areas. Because of the Wilderness Act, NHPA Section 106 surveys that would identify potential archaeological sites are generally not undertaken in Wilderness areas. However, a number of known historic structures in these areas have been restored by the Northern Region Historic Preservation...
Can You Hear Me Now? – The History of a Telephone Booth in the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness (2018)
The Frank Church – River of No Return Wilderness is an area that allows its visitors to experience solitude in the nation’s largest wilderness in the lower 48. Often unrealized, is that historically, this rugged landscape had quite an extensive communication network while it was managed as the Idaho Primitive Area. One related historic feature managed by the Payette National Forest is the Coyote Springs Telephone Booth. Telephone communications were developed in the area from the late 1920’s...
Cascadia Cave, the Excavations (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Future Directions for Archaeology and Heritage Research in the Willamette Valley, Oregon" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Cascadia Cave (35LIN11) is an iconic rockshelter and rock art site at the edge of Oregon’s Willamette Valley and Western Cascade Range. Following excavations in 1964, Tom Newman reported an early Holocene radiocarbon age of 8810 cal BP and a Cascade projectile point assemblage that was central to...
Changing Tides: Tribal Engagement in Oregon's Coastal Archaeology (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Sins of Our Ancestors (and of Ourselves): Confronting Archaeological Legacies" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeology on Oregon’s Coast has been largely limited in scope and lacks a holistic viewpoint of coastal history. Archaeological investigations began in earnest around 1930 with avocational archaeologists like Marcus Seale interested in expanding their "trophy item" collections. The heavily male dominated...
Clam Gardens as Coastal Landscape Agents: The Case of Shingle Point, Valdes Island, British Columbia (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In recent years, mariculture has been the focus of numerous anthropological and archaeological studies across the Northwest Coast. Clam gardens (also sea gardens) were utilized by Salish peoples to provide food security, sustainability, and resilience. As elements of the built environment they also represent significant engagements with coastal landscapes....