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This project includes documents related to the history and historical background of the Antiquities Act and its implementation during the century since its enactment. The Antiquities Act was signed into law in 1906 by President Theodore Roosevelt. The history of American conservation often is told in terms of legal milestones, and rightly so. An environmental activist working to expand a local park, a historic preservationist trying to save a cherished old building, a volunteer working on a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Frank Norris.

June 8 of 2006 marked the centennial of the Antiquities Act —a law that, by any standards, is a landmark in the history of U.S. land management policies. There was a sweeping application of this act in the late 1970s that reserved a huge amount of acreage, and generated as large an amount of controversy. Questions arose, therefore, about the roots of that controversy, and whether the actions taken regarding Alaska were unique. The Antiquities Act’s second section provides for the U.S. president...

DOCUMENT Full-Text The Wilderness Society.

Rising 1,267 feet above the Belle Fourche River, Devils Tower casts shadows over the rolling hills, pine forests, and prairie grasses that comprise Devils Tower National Monument in northeastern Wyoming. Proclaimed a National Monument on September 24, 1906, by President Theodore Roosevelt, Devils Tower is our oldest National Monument and represents the first time the Antiquities Act of 1906 was used to preserve some of the remarkable resources found throughout the United States. Since the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Hewett Edgar L..

In the summer of 1896 the writer commenced to investigate the archeology of the plateau between the Jemez mountain range and the Rio Grande in New Mexico. The ethnological significance of this region seemed at that time to have been overlooked, nor has it yet received much attention. The studies then begun have continued intermittently ever since. The first object was to obtain such facts as could be obtained by exploration, photography, and a limited amount of excavation. I hope to be...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Michelle Norris. John Nielsen.

This is the transcript from the radio program "All Things Considered". The broadcast discusses the possibility of George W. Bush using the Antiquities Act to protect ocean reserves. If the idea moves ahead, environmentalists say it would be one of the most significant ctions of conservation in U.S. history. And they say it could give President Bush what you might call a historic blue legacy.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Carol Hardy Vincent.

President Clinton created the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument in Utah, by proclamation on September 18, 1996. The Monument contains geological, paleontological, archeological, biological, natural, and historical resources. It is managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) under interim guidelines, pending approval of a final management plan and environmental impact statement (EIS) by September 18, 1999. The creation of the Monument was controversial. Issues include the President's...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Edgar L. Hewett.

The importance of the large number of historic and prehistoric ruins scattered over the semiarid region of the southwestern part of the United States has gradually come to be recognized. Every cliff dwelling, every prehistoric tower, communal house, shrine and burial mound is an object which can contribute something to the advancement of knowledge, and hence is worthy of preservation. Knowledge of the extent, location and nature of these ruins bas been accumulating for many years. We now know...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Shaun E. P. Brooks.

The central purpose of this research was to analyze the similarities and differences between the National Park Service’s (NPS) and the Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM) planning and management of public lands, focusing specifically on national monuments. Public lands are shared by everyone, and BLM must abide by laws and regulations to develop plans for its national monuments that are acceptable to the public, while simultaneously providing for protection of the objects located within the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Sarah Klassen

U.S. DC Circuit Court of Appeals MTN ST LEG FDN v Bush George United States Court of Appeals FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Argued September 3, 2002 Decided October 18, 2002 No. 01-5421 Mountain States Legal Foundation and the Blue Ribbon Coalition, Inc., Appellants v. George W. Bush, in his official capacity as President of the United States of America, et al., Appellees Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (No. 00cv02072) Near the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Carol Hardy Vincent.

Presidential creation of national monuments under the Antiquities Act of 1906 often has been contentious. Recent controversy has focused on President Clinton’s creation of 19 new monuments and expansion of 3 others. Issues have related to the size of the areas and types of resources protected, the inclusion of non-federal lands within monument boundaries, restrictions on land uses, and the manner in which the monuments were created. The Bush Administration is reviewing President Clinton’s...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Carol Hardy Vincent. Pamela Baldwin.

This report addresses the authority of the President to create national monuments on federal lands under the Antiquities Act of 1906. It discusses the benefits of the Act and those aspects of the Act that have been controversial, including the size and types of resources protected; the level of and types of threat to designated areas; effects of proclamations on land uses; consistency of the Act with the withdrawal, public participation, and environmental review aspects of other laws; monument...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Sarah Klassen

No. 02-1590 In the Supreme Court of the United States Mountain States Legal Foundation, Et Al., V. George W. Bush, President of the United States, Et Al. To the United States Court of Appeals Brief for the federal respondent in opposition. Petitioners have challenged six presidential proclamations designating specified tracts of federal land as national monuments. In issuing those proclamations, the President acted pursuant to the Antiquities Act of 1906, which authorizes the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Edgar L. Hewett.

At a joint meeting of the committee on preservation of American antiquities of the Archeological Institute of America and the American Anthropological Association, held at the Cosmos Club in Washington, on the evening of January 10, the subject of pending legislation was considered. It was decided that a memorandum should be prepared embodying such provisions from pending measures, as in the judgment of the joint committee should be incorporated into law, and the same presented to the House of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Edgar L. Hewett.

Prior to 1904, the only act of our Government looking toward the preservation of our antiquities was the reservation and restoration, by act of Congress of March 2, 1889, of the Casa Grande ruin in Arizona. During the last fifteen months a definite policy of preservation has rapidly developed, so that at present it may be said that approximately three-fourths of all the remains of antiquity that are situated on lands owned or controlled by the United States are under custodianship more or less...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Christine Klein.

This Article examines the Antiquities Act, a 1906 statute that delegates authority to the President to establish national monuments on federal lands for the protection of prehistoric structures and relics. This modest statute, originally a scant one page in length, has set off a century of intermittent controversy that its drafters could not have anticipated. Although Congress probably intended that the statute merely protect archaeological ruins from looting by treasure hunters, presidents...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Douglas H. Strong.

For over thirty years, Ralph Henry Cameron- Arizona businessman, miner and politician - attempted to develop and control the South Rim of the Grand Canyon. Cameron's interest in the canyon dated from the 1880s when prospectors explored the depths of the canyon, and stage coaches started bringing curious tourists to view the spectacular work of nature. Cameron helped to build the first trails into the canyon and opened its first flourishing mine. In time, however, his construction of a tourist...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Douglas H. Strong.

Ralph Cameron's election in 1920 to the United States Senate from Ariwna came at an opportune time. Congress, the year before, had incorporated his mining claims into the newly created Grand Canyon National Park, and the United States Supreme Court had just ruled that his claims there were invalid. As matters stood, there seemed little likelihood that Cameron could realize his dream of converting strategically located mineral sites into a fortune. But Cameron's optimism never deserted him....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Bruce Babbitt.

I appreciate the opportunity to testify here today on proposed withdrawals of federal land from location and entry under general land laws, including the mining laws. Your letter of invitation specifically directed attention to my recent actions to initiate withdrawals of 429,000 acres along the Rocky Mountain Front in the Lewis & Clark and Helena National Forests, and 605,000 acres in the Shivwits/Parashant region north of the Grand Canyon in northwestern Arizona. I welcome a public discussion...

DOCUMENT Full-Text U.S.Supreme Court.

CAMERON v. U.S., 252 U.S. 450 (1920) 252 U.S. 450 Cameron et al.v. United States. No. 205 Argued January 29 and 30, 1920. Decided April 19, 1920 This is a suit by the United States to enjoin Ralph H. Cameron and others from occupying, using for business purposes, asserting any right to, or interfering with the public use of, a tract of land in Arizona, approximately 1,500 feet long and 600 feet wide, which Cameron is claiming as a lode mining claim, and to require the defendants to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Uploaded by: Sarah Klassen

In the United States District Court District of Utah-Central Division Utah Association of Counties, on behalf of its members, Plaintiffs, vs. George W. Bush, in his official capacity as President of the United States, et al., Defendants., and Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance, et al., Defendants-Intervenors. AND Mountain States Legal Foundation, on behalf of its members Plaintiffs, vs. George W. Bush, in his official capacity as President of the United States, et al., Defendants. and Southern...