Archaic (Other Keyword)
476-500 (574 Records)
This is an abstract from the "Sins of Our Ancestors (and of Ourselves): Confronting Archaeological Legacies" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Nevin site in Maine has become a contested space as Wabanaki people, seeking to repatriate their ancestors, confront archaeologists who adhere to the antiquated postulates of their predecessors. From 1912-1920, Warren K. Moorehead of Phillips Academy’s archaeology department, focused field work on Maine’s...
Sacrifice, Meat Consumption, and Bone Working at the Curiae Veteres: Zooarchaeological Findings from the Sixth- and Fifth-Century BCE Levels of the Palatine-Pendici Nord-Est Excavations in Rome, Italy (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Animal Bones to Human Behavior" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent archaeological projects, such as those of the Palatine-Pendici nord-est excavation, are bringing new materials and new clarity to the processes of social change that lead to urbanism in Rome, Italy. The Curiae Veteres sanctuary, located in the heart of Rome on the northern slopes of the Palatine Hill, gives exceptional insight into the earliest...
San Jacinto and the Origins of Pottery Making in the Americas: A Technological Perspective (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Excavations at various archaeological sites located in the northern coast of Colombia have yielded evidence of early ceramic production and, in the case of San Jacinto, the earliest so far unearthed in the Americas, dating back to 6000 years BP. San Jacinto ceramics are characterized by the use of an organic-tempered clay and the presence of highly...
Scaling Analysis of Prehistoric Wyoming Camp Sites—Implications for Hunter-Gatherer Social Dynamics (2018)
Recent studies suggest many properties of human settlements vary in predictable ways with population size. These studies have shown, for example, that more populous settlements are systematically denser on average than less populous settlements in a wide range of societies. In this presentation we examine this densification effect in mobile hunting and gathering societies by analyzing a database of information for prehistoric stone circle (tipi ring) sites in the plains and intermontane basins...
Sea Level Rise and Shell Mound Inundation within the Islais Creek Estuary, San Francisco, California (2018)
Situated on the southeast edge of San Francisco, the Islais Creek estuary was infilled during early development of the city. Recent geoarchaeological coring searching for prehistoric sites underlying this urban landscape has documented a complex sequence of Holocene landforms deposited as sea level rise transformed the ancestral Islais Creek valley. This exploratory work also identified, in a variety of stratigraphic contexts, an extensive ancestral Native American shell mound that was occupied...
Seasonal Mobility Patterns During the Middle Holocene on Santa Cruz Island, California (2018)
Data derived from oxygen isotope profiles of mussel shells suggest that sites in the interior of Santa Cruz Island dating between 4700 and 3400 cal BC, the period of the island’s "red abalone middens," were occupied during the spring through early winter, with little or no occupation during the main winter months. In contrast, a small number of oxygen isotope profiles indicates that a large costal site was occupied predominantly during the winter and possibly also the fall, with no occupation...
Seasonal Resource in Coastal Baja California: Pedestrian Survey in Colonet, Baja California, Mexico (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Colonet region is located in northwestern Baja California, Mexico, and due to its geographic isolation and slow economic development, archaeological evidence of the prehistoric Yuman groups has been preserved for millennia. The region offers a unique research opportunity to examine the occupational sequence of late prehistoric people and the resource...
Seeing Is Believing: The Documentation of Rock Art (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This presentation examines traditional, contemporary, and experimental methods of illustration and photography in rock art recording. Addressed accordingly are the processes and problems unique to pictographs (painted) and petroglyphs (pecked) parietal imagery, superimposition and dating. As a rock art researcher, photographer, and artist, many examples will...
Seeing Red: An Analysis of Archaeological Ochre in East Central Missouri (2018)
The Truman Road Site (23SC924), St. Charles County, Missouri, features a diversity of material remains and a long periods of occupation mostly occurring during the Late Archaic (3000 – 2500 BC) and Middle Woodland (100 BC – AD 500). For this region of prehistoric Missouri, ceramics and chert constitute the main evidence for understanding trade and cultural dynamics. Despite its relative ubiquity among sites, ochre has rarely been considered in such studies. Recognizing that this material is a...
Seismic Survey of Poverty Point Mound A (2018)
Poverty Point is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its monumental earthworks. The largest and most significant feature on the site, Mound A, is over 21 meters high and 200 meters long. Currently, it is believed to have been built in three months at most. This supports the idea that there was a central leader directing its construction, a more socio-politically complex society than previous hunter-gatherer populations in North America. Evidence of stratigraphic layering, however, is an...
Shaded Canyons and Mesquite Fires: 13,000 Years of Ethnobotany in Eagle Nest Canyon (2024)
This is an abstract from the "The Archaeology of Eagle Nest Canyon, Texas: Papers in Honor of Jack and Wilmuth Skiles" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The value of several significant archaeological sites investigated by the Ancient Southwest Texas Project in Eagle Nest Canyon (Val Verde County, Texas) is a testament to the conservation and stewardship of landowners Jack and Wilmuth Skiles. From the beginning it was anticipated that these...
Sharks and Rays and Sambaquieiros: A View from Piaçaguera (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Past Human-Shark Interactions" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Precolonial groups used various types of raw materials for manufacture of tools and adornments: rocks, clay, fibers, bones, shells, among others. In general, lithic and ceramic assemblages gain more focus from researchers due to their ubiquity and better preservation. Shell mound sites, however, provide a context in which faunal remains are the main...
Shell Heaps as Indicators of Resource Management (2018)
The Neolithic Revolution of the 9th millennium BC marks the period when forager groups independently experimented with the management and, in some instances, the domestication of terrestrial plants and animals. However, global evidence for human consumption and management of gastropods predates the Neolithic Revolution, indicating that terrestrial and aquatic snails were an important resource for human societies during the Holocene. Abundant deposits of aquatic snails are reported from...
Shell Middens: Foodways at Dogan Point and Other Hudson River Sites (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This research focuses on reanalyzing the Dogan Point site and other Archaic shell midden sites along the lower Hudson River. The Dogan point site has a shell component with calibrated dates ranging from 7919 B.P. and 2343 B.P., and a non shell component with calibrated dates ranging from 3261 B.P. and 473 B.P. Dogan Point was originally investigated by Louis...
Shell Rings and Settlement Organization in the Coastal American Southeast: New Insights from Remotely Sensed Data (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2018, we identified over 50 new potential shell rings in Beaufort County, SC using LiDAR and automated feature extraction algorithms. Further analysis of this data has confirmed the archaeological nature of several of these deposits. This poster details further analysis of these features. We find that the majority of these rings are significantly smaller...
Shellscapes and Kinscapes: A Social Network Analysis of the Southern Northwest Coast (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Multispecies Frameworks in Archaeological Interpretation: Human-Nonhuman Interactions in the Past, Part I" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Social network analyses in archaeology have been successfully used to examine the connections between diverse social actors in the past. These studies have largely focused on the relationships between humans and other humans, typically using cultural materials as proxies for people....
A Shoshonean Prayerstone Hypothesis: Ritual Cartography of Great Basin Incised Stones (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The prayerstone hypothesis, grounded in Southern Paiute oral history, holds that selected incised stone artifacts were votive offerings deliberately emplaced where spiritual power (puha) was known to reside, accompanying prayers for personal power and expressing thanks for prayers answered. Proposing significant and long-term linkages between Great Basin...
Site Clustering Parallels Initial Domestication in Eastern North America (2018)
Dense human settlements often emerge following a shift to agricultural economies, yet researchers still debate the underlying cause of this pattern. One driver may be what is known in ecology as an Allee effect, a positive relationship between population density and per capita utility. Allee effects may emerge with economies of scale such as those created by some forms of intensified food acquisition and production. Thus, in an Allee-like setting, individuals belonging to larger groups enjoy the...
Sites, Non-sites, and Landscapes: Changing Land-Use Patterns in Wild Horse Draw and Vicinity, Trans-Pecos Texas (2021)
This is an abstract from the "The Big Bend Complex: Landscapes of History" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The University of Texas at El Paso 2014 summer archeological field school was hosted by the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo at Chilicote Ranch near Valentine, Texas. Students conducted a pedestrian sample survey focused on the cuestas and mesas between the Sierra Vieja and Wild Horse Draw. The survey identified 95 sites and a number of non-sites;...
Skiles Shelter (41VV165): A Closer Look at a Long-Term Earth Oven Facility (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Skiles Shelter (41VV165) is located at the mouth of Eagle Nest Canyon, roughly 250 meters northwest from the Rio Grande in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands of southwest Texas. Skiles Shelter is characterized by a fading panel of Pecos River Style rock art, numerous bedrock milling features, and a massive burned rock midden (BRM) accumulation of fire cracked rock...
Small Mammal Isotopes as Proxies for Climate over the Holocene Period on the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Reconstructing the prehistoric environment is vital to our understanding of past human use and occupation of a landscape. While many reconstructions, typically based on chemical and biological signatures found in sediment and ice cores, are available, we currently lack suitable records for Idaho’s eastern Snake River Plain. This is mainly due to the scarcity...
The Smell of Power: The Apishapa Pilgrimage Trail (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Technique and Interpretation in the Archaeology of Rock Art" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Abstract rock art formed part of a pilgrimage trail that led from the lower Apishapa Canyon to the Spanish Peaks near Trinidad, Colorado. Hunter/gatherer ethnography from the Great Basin makes sense of abstract engravings in the canyon at sites such as Cramer, Canterbury, and Snake Blakeslee. The Apishapa Canyon leads from...
Some Remarks on Early Social Complexity in the Central Andes (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Dedication, Collaboration, and Vision, Part II: Papers in Honor of Tom D. Dillehay" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The well-known protohistoric Inca Empire of the late fifteenth century had achieved a remarkable degree of social complexity preceded by a similar expansive state some 500 years earlier. The lack of pre-European writing systems, however, obscures access to these earlier social formations. Thus, the social...
Soul Expression: Speech-Breath in Pecos River Style Rock Art (2018)
Pecos River style rock art was produced in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands of southwest Texas and Coahuila, Mexico during the Archaic beginning around 2700 BC. This style is characterized by finely executed anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures arranged in highly-ordered, complex compositions. Pecos River style anthropomorphs are frequently portrayed with a series of dots emanating upwards from an open mouth. Zoomorphic figures of felines and deer are also represented with this pictographic...
Source Analysis of Cascade Points from the Connley Caves, Oregon (35LK50) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Researchers commonly use X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to source lithic tools and their associated byproducts made on obsidian and fine-grained volcanic toolstone. The results of such studies can be used to reconstruct lithic conveyance patterns, which in turn can tell us about hunter-gatherer mobility, territoriality, and/or exchange. In this study, we report...