Woodland (Other Keyword)
Woodlands
76-100 (310 Records)
Throughout the past several millennia South Florida has been subject to profound environmental changes. As such, by examining paleoenvironmental change on seasonal and climatic scales, we can further understand this unique environment and infer how it has shaped human and animal histories of the past. This work will be carried out by employing broad spectrum ecological theories which shall provide the necessary framework to understand past resource scheduling, seasonal mobility patterns, and...
Evaluating the Timing and Duration of Dwelling and Non-dwelling Elements in the Reversing Falls Site, a Middle Maritime Woodland Shell Midden in the Far Northeast (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Hearth and Home in the Indigenous Northeast" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In this paper we consider the temporal relationships between dwellings and shell-bearing deposits at the Reversing Falls site in the Maine-Maritimes region of the far Northeast. Shell middens are multitemporal, comprised of the archaeological signatures of historical processes that took place over vastly different durations. They are also...
An Examination of Pocket Gopher Use at the Woodland Period Rainbow Site (13PM91), Iowa (2016)
The Rainbow site (13PM91) is a multi-component Woodland site situated within the tallgrass prairie of northwest Iowa. Excavated in the late 1970’s, the site remains one of few examples within the region for Woodland period habitation sites with substantial recovered faunal collections. The current study focuses on the seemingly unusual concentration of pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius) found within Cultural Horizon C (~1400-1370 BP). Recent reanalysis of the faunal assemblage reveals a presence...
Examining the Subsistence and Social Landscapes of the Late Precontact Occupations at the Topper Site (38AL23), Allendale, South Carolina (2018)
The Late Woodland to Early Mississippian transition within the Atlantic Coastal Plain is characterized by widespread and dynamic changes from more dispersed and politically decentralized organizational practices into highly centralized, stratified, and complex sociopolitical organization. This period also experiences changes in both hunting technologies and horticultural food production. The timing of the linkages among these developments are not well established locally, something that this...
An Experimental and Ethnographic Approach to the Analysis of Fire-Cracked Rock at Three Monongahela Sites in Southwestern PA: The Case for a Middle Monongahela Stone Boiling Technology (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Fire-Cracked Rock: Research in Cooking and Noncooking Contexts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Despite being a ubiquitous artifact class, fire-cracked rock (FCR) has been largely overlooked in traditional archaeological studies. Due in part to its shear abundance and cumbersome nature, FCR is often more cursed for its space consumption than embraced for its interpretive potential. As a result, the archaeological...
Experimental Recreation of Shell Fishing Implements at Mitchell Indian Village in South Dakota (2018)
Over the years of excavation at the Prehistoric Indian Village at Mitchell, several similar shell artifacts were discovered. Excavators came to the hypothesis that the shell items had been fishing lures, and set out to test it. The shell artifacts were replicated and used as lures on several fishing expeditions. These shell items functioned as lures, and we are led to believe that the artifacts found at Mitchell could indeed have been fishing lures.
Exploring the Unexpected Early Woodland Occupation at Smith Creek, Wilkinson County, Mississippi (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Smith Creek (22Wk526) is a multi-component Native American mound site in the Natchez Bluffs region of the Lower Mississippi Valley. Surface collections and excavations from 2013–2016 clearly demonstrated a dense Mississippian (AD 1200–1500) occupation at the site and suggested a Late Woodland (AD 750–1200) date for the construction of the mounds. However,...
A Faunal Analysis of the Kirshner Site (36WM213) (2018)
The Kirshner Site (36WM213) is a multi-component site in South Huntington township, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania that contains two Middle Monongahela villages. Relatively little is known about Monongahela use of animals. Fortunately, good faunal preservation has made zooarchaeological analyses of materials from this site possible. Identifying and analyzing these faunal remains with respect to taxa and skeletal elements, as well as human and animal modifications, provides important new...
Final Phase I Intensive Archaeological Survey of CA. 171 Acres at Coralville Reservoir, Sections 31-32, T81N-R6W and Sections 22-23, T81N-R7W, Johnson County Iowa (1999)
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Finding the Past in the Paste: Variance in Woodland Ceramics at Woodpecker Cave (13JH202) (2017)
Five field seasons of excavations by the University of Iowa field school have recovered hundreds of ceramic pottery sherds from the Woodpecker Cave site. Previous typological analysis of the ceramic assemblage has supported the hypothesis of a multicomponent site that was host to seasonal occupations spanning hundreds of years. Woodpecker Cave provides a unique opportunity to study variation in ceramic technology within Midwestern cooking vessels across the Middle Woodland and Late Woodland...
Fishing at the Beach: The Great Neck Site and an Examination of Subsistence Strategies on the Chesapeake Bay (2018)
Excavations conducted in 2015-2016 at the Great Neck site (44VB7) in Virginia Beach yielded evidence of a Middle Woodland occupation dating to AD 400. Located on Wolfsnare Creek approximately one mile from the Chesapeake Bay, the site contained a postmold pattern from a small structure, many small and shallow basin-shaped features, and several large pit features. Two of the larger pit features exhibited excellent bone preservation and were densely filled with a mix of aquatic and terrestrial...
A Fishy Study on Site Aggregation and Construction at Florida’s Crystal River (8CI1) and Roberts Island (8CI40 and 41) Sites (2018)
Fishing economies are often described as a principal form of subsistence for prehistoric Florida communities. However, seasonality analyses on fish remains, which have the potential to reveal patterns pertaining to population aggregations and the pace of construction projects, are generally underutilized. This research uses marginal increment analysis of otoliths (fish ear-stones) to investigate whether seasonal deposition events were taking place at two Woodland period sites: the Crystal River...
Food Production in the Borderlands: Paleoethnobotanical Investigations of the Western Basin Tradition in Ontario (2018)
This paper presents the results of a paleoethnobotanical analysis of the early Late Woodland (A.D. 1000–1300) Western Basin Tradition (WBT) sites informally known as the Arkona Cluster. Relatively little is known about WBT human-plant interaction as compared to their maize-bean-squash cultivating Iroquoian neighbors. Culture-historical models of the WBT are proving to be outdated, overemphasizing the supposed difference between WBT ‘hunter-gatherer’ subsistence strategies and Iroquoian farming....
Foodways and Identity in the Great Lakes: Investigating Western Basin Tradition Food Production Using Starch Grain and Macrobotanical Analysis. (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Farm to Table Archaeology: The Operational Chain of Food Production" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent excavations at the early Late Woodland (A.D. 1,000-1,300) Western Basin Tradition Arkona sites have called into question our conceptualization of Algonquian food production, landscape construction, and mobility in southwestern-most Ontario. Isotopic analyses have also revealed a vast underestimation of the amount...
Foodways and Technological Transformation in the Upper Great Lakes: A Multidimensional Analysis of Woodland Pottery from the Cloudman Site (20CH6) (2018)
A novel combination of analytic methods is used to address the decades-long debate about diachronic subsistence pattern change during the Woodland period (AD 1 – 1600) in the Upper Great Lakes of North America. While some have argued for dietary continuity throughout the regional Woodland, others maintain that certain specific resources—including fish, wild starchy plants, and/or maize—were more intensively exploited over time. The Cloudman site (20CH6), located on an island off Michigan’s...
Fort Ancient Wild Turkey (*Meleagris gallopavo) Harvesting Strategies (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Birds in Archaeology: New Approaches to Understanding the Diverse Roles of Birds in the Past" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Wild turkeys (*Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) were an important component in the diet of the middle Ohio Valley’s Fort Ancient farming cultures from AD 1000 to 1750. Wild turkeys often accounted for about 4% of the meat consumed by village residents. Our research into Fort Ancient wild turkey...
“Fresh” from the Field: Utilizing Legacy Collections for Undergraduate Research and Training (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Although legacy collections are rarely discussed explicitly in research and are often portrayed as subpar due to the lack of publication or the outdated excavation methods, we argue that legacy data is an important resource in archaeology. Legacy collections provide unique datasets that are both easily accessible and readily available. The Archaeology Lab...
From Excavations to Occupations: Characterizing the Faunal Assemblage of a Late Woodland Site (2018)
Analysis of a faunal assemblage gives us direct evidence of a subsistence base of archaeological occupation. Woodpecker Cave is a Late Woodland rockshelter site used by the University of Iowa as a field school for student education. The site was first excavated by Warren W. Caldwell after his initial surveying in 1956. In the subsequent years since the university first began excavations in 2012 with Jim Enloe as supervisor, students have expanded the excavation area horizontally leading to...
From Formal to Efficient: Variation in Projectile Point Manufacture and Morphology from the Late Woodland to Fort Ancient Period in the Middle Ohio River Valley (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Cultural groups in the Middle Ohio River Valley experienced significant changes in mobility, subsistence, and social organization from the Late Woodland (AD 700 – 1000) to the Early Fort Ancient period (AD 1000 – 1300). Technology changed as well, particularly the production and morphology of projectile points. It is possible that constraints related to...
From the Unknown to the Known: Reexamination of a Small Prehistoric Site in Southeastern Virginia (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Fort Eustis, a small military installation in southeastern Virginia, has over one hundred sites containing prehistoric components, most of which yielded no diagnostic artifacts when identified at the survey level. These sites were subsequently labeled as camps of indeterminate time period and assumed to have little research potential. Reinvestigation of one of...
The Function of Woodland Period Shell Rings as Seen at the Mound Field Site (8WA8) (2018)
What purpose did Woodland period shell rings along the Gulf Coast of Florida hold? These unique architectural features have been explained as specific patterns of trash disposal, protection against flooding events, and as barriers from intruders, among other things, but no answers have stood to truly explain their proliferation and significance during the Woodland period. Recent excavations in 2015 by Dr. Mike Russo (National Park Service) and in 2016 by Dr. Tanya Peres (Florida State...
Functioning at Full Capacity: The Role of Pottery in the Woodland Upper Great Lakes (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeological Method and Theory: Papers in Honor of James M. Skibo, Part I" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. James Skibo’s seminal works on pottery function created a valuable model for assessing the role of pottery in the lives of past peoples. While this approach has broad applicability for ceramic assemblages worldwide, its efficacy has been demonstrated through a series of studies on ancient pottery assemblages...
The Future of Paleogenomics in Archaeology: Insights from a Multidisciplinary Study on Sunflower Domestication (2018)
Ancient DNA (aDNA) methodologies have rapidly developed over the past three decades, and today these tools provide a powerful means to investigate a wide range of archaeological inquiries, including human evolution, animal and plant domestication, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. In this talk, I will summarize general approaches in paleogenomics research, focusing on concerns and questions from archaeologists. To demonstrate how state-of-the-art paleogenomic techniques can contribute to...
The Galick Site: Initial Investigations at a Precontact Site on the Vermont Shore of Lake Champlain (2017)
The Galick site, located at the southern terminus of Lake Champlain, has long been identified as a potentially critical context for examining the precontact occupation and ecology of the southern Lake Champlain basin. Both its position at the confluence of local and interregional transportation networks and its setting within an area of remarkable biological diversity highlight the Galick site's potential importance to foragers and early farmers operating along the southern shores of Lake...
Gathering, Gardening, and Agriculture: Arkansas Archeological Survey’s Plant-based Public Archeology (2018)
The Arkansas Archeological Survey has been practicing citizen science and developing educational tools for engaging local communities in the study of the past since the 1960s. In this paper, we discuss recent efforts by the Survey to develop educational content specifically aimed at highlighting the history of plant use through time in the southeastern United States. The Survey received grant funds to develop the 5th grade social studies curriculum, Gathering, Gardening, and Agriculture:...