Salado (Other Keyword)
1-19 (19 Records)
The Salado Phenomenon has long been of interest to Southwestern archaeologists, and perhaps the most notable signifier of the phenomenon is a suite of pottery types collectively referred to as Salado Polychromes or Roosevelt Red Wares. Previous researchers have tended to focus their ceramic studies on the Salado Polychrome pottery itself, and few have attempted to situate these vessels within the context of the broader ceramic assemblages of which they were part. Often, this kind of information...
Continued Work on the Ray Robinson Collection: Four Salado Sites in the Northern San Pedro Valley Region of Southeastern Arizona (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. As investigations continue into the Ray Robinson Collection by Archaeology Southwest’s dedicated team of volunteer researchers, attention now turns to assemblages collected by Robinson in the northern San Pedro Valley (and vicinity) of southeastern Arizona. During Ray’s consulting work for mining companies in the area, he documented four sites near the...
Experimental Archaeology: Insights from the Construction of an Adobe Room (2015)
Experimental archaeology is a useful tool for improving our understanding of prehistoric technologies and testing archaeological interpretations. The "Hands On Archaeology" project at the 2014 Archaeology Southwest / University of Arizona Upper Gila Preservation Archaeology Field School focused on the experimental construction of a single-story adobe pueblo room in the style of the Cliff phase (AD 1300-1450+). This project was done in conjunction with limited excavation in three Cliff phase...
Future Salado Research: Roosevelt Archaeology at ASU Center for Archaeology & Society Repository (2016)
Archaeological collections have vital roles in contemporary and future research activities and afford opportunities for in-depth localized studies or broad regional syntheses. The Center for Archaeology & Society Repository (formerly Archaeological Research Institute) at Arizona State University curates the Roosevelt Archaeology Projects funded by the US DOI Bureau of Reclamation in cooperation with the Tonto National Forest. These well documented large scale excavations provide research and...
Ground Stone as a Migration Marker: Using Finger-Grooved Manos and Fully Grooved Axe-Heads to Trace Kayenta Influence at Salado Sites. (2015)
The Salado phenomenon in southern New Mexico and Arizona includes a set of cultural traits that are believed to have been stimulated by the arrival of Kayenta migrants in the late 1200s from northern Arizona and southeastern Utah. Identifying the influence of these northern migrants at Salado sites has been one of the ongoing goals of Archaeology Southwest’s field excavations. In addition to perforated plates and certain architectural features, the presence of particular ground stone tools at...
Hidden Revolutions: Re-examining Transitions in the American Southwest from an Anarchist and Network Perspective (2015)
Globally, archaeologists often talk about cultural change as a dynamic, directional process that leads toward either failure (collapse, reorganization, abandonment, and "stability") or state level societies. This evokes a unilinear evolutionary framework that most admit is flawed. But what if state level societies were not the "pinnacle" of human civilization? What if states represent societal failure instead? From this position, often glossed over historic periods may stand out as lynchpins...
Late Preclassic and Late Classic Period Archaeology in the Upper Reaches of Queen Creek, Superior, Arizona (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We summarize research findings from a data recovery project conducted along US Highway 60 near Superior, Arizona for the Arizona Department of Transportation. Prehistoric sites here range from small habitation sites (farmsteads and/or hamlets) of the late Preclassic – early Classic (AD 1000 - 1160) to both small and large habitation sites of the late...
A Local Expression of "Salado" in Tonto Basin (2015)
"Salado" refers to a series of local expressions developed when populations were faced with the challenges of increased population sizes, migrants, and complexity. Local populations incorporated ceramic styles, iconography, architecture, and community organization from new arrivals and surrounding populations in ways that were adaptive and fostered integration. This brought migrants into the fold, albeit keeping them at a safe distance with limited participation and membership. To have excluded...
Not Quite Coalesced: Salado Settlements in the Upper Gila (2017)
Most 14th-century Salado settlements in the Upper Gila watershed are comprised of separate room blocks in both planned and ad hoc configurations. These spatial arrangements suggest that integration, and by extension coalescence, was never fully achieved despite occupation spans of more than a century. This poster examines ceramic and other material culture variability among room blocks within four settlements to identify social and cultural differences that persisted until depopulation in the...
Ongoing Investigations at the Gila River Farm Site (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Local Development and Cross-Cultural Interaction in Pre-Hispanic Southwestern New Mexico and Southeastern Arizona" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The manifestation of the Salado Phenomenon in the Upper Gila is expressed as a combination of local Mogollon traits and traits associated with immigrants from northeastern Arizona. New communities that were formed in the generations after initial migration incorporated...
Renegotiating Identity in a Cultural Crossroads: Salado in the Safford Basin (2015)
Current perspectives on the origin and nature of the Salado phenomenon vary amongst Southwest archaeologists. Evidence from the Safford Basin in southeastern Arizona suggests that in this area, Salado came about as a response to multiple waves of migration of various sized groups from the Kayenta and Tusayan regions of northeastern Arizona. Following the arrival of these migrants, the archaeological record shows that both migrants and groups indigenous to the Safford Basin renegotiated their...
Salado in the Upper Gila (2015)
Salado archaeology in New Mexico was largely defined in the Upper Gila, where the regional name "Cliff phase" originated. Early work by Kidder and the Cosgroves in the 1920s and several professional and avocational projects in the 1960s-70s included important Salado sites. Despite this early promise many projects were underreported, and there has been comparatively little research with modern methods. Recent research by Archaeology Southwest addresses this gap. A strong base of survey and...
The Salado Preservation Initiative: Combining Research Investigations with Regional Preservation Planning (2015)
Regional planning is an essential element of comprehensive archaeological management programs. The Salado Preservation Initiative at Archaeology Southwest is linked to our research agenda focused on Salado and related developments across the Southwest in the late precontact period. Working exclusively within a temporally defined period of record (1250-1450) and conscribed geographically by the distribution of Roosevelt redware, Archaeology Southwest conducted a series of expert workshops and...
Salado Projectile Point Technology at the Gila River Farm Site, Southwestern New Mexico (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Mogollon, Mimbres, and Salado Archaeology in Southwest New Mexico and Beyond" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This research examines the projectile point assemblage from the Gila River Farm site, a Cliff phase (AD 1300–1450) Salado site excavated by the Archaeology Southwest and University of Arizona Upper Gila Preservation Archaeology (UGPA) field school from 2016 to 2022. The projectile point assemblage was recovered...
Site analysis and excavation of the Gila River Farm Site in Cliff, New Mexico (2017)
Archaeology Southwest and the University of Arizona’s Upper Gila Preservation Archaeology (UGPA) field school excavations at the Gila River Farm Site (LA 39315) produced interesting results from the 2016 field season. The Gila River Farm Site is a Cliff Phase (A.D. 1300 – 1450) Salado site located on the first terrace of the Gila River, in southwestern New Mexico. It was recorded by archaeologists in the 1980s but had never been excavated. Although now protected on land owned by the New Mexico...
Temporal and Spatial Variability in Roosevelt Red Ware Painted Decoration (2015)
Recent research in the southern US Southwest has revealed patterns useful in refining ceramic chronology and investigating communities of practice among 14th and 15th century potters producing Roosevelt Red Ware (Salado polychromes). Analyses of whole and partially reconstructible vessels recovered from stratified contexts in the San Pedro Valley of southeastern Arizona confirm the Roosevelt Red Ware stylistic seriation presented by Patricia Crown in 1994. Combining these results with recent...
True Facts About the Dinwiddie Site: Surprising Results from Limited Testing in a Disturbed Site (2015)
Archaeology Southwest and the University of Arizona’s 2014 Upper Gila Preservation Archaeology (UGPA) field school excavations at the Dinwiddie Site (LA106003) produced interesting and somewhat unexpected results. Dinwiddie is a Cliff Phase (A.D. 1300 – 1450) Salado site located along Duck Creek, a tributary of the Gila River, in southwestern New Mexico. It was partially excavated by avocational archaeologists in the 1960s and the remaining deposits have faced multiple sources of disturbance....
Twenty Years of Studying the Salado (2015)
Archaeology Southwest (formerly the Center for Desert Archaeology) has been heavily engaged in studying the Salado Phenomenon through the lens of migration for nearly twenty years. Our research has been both intensive and extensive in scope: gathering new data from sites on public and private lands, reanalyzing existing collections, and scrutinizing published and unpublished reports from nearly every valley and basin in southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico. Here we summarize this...
White, Red, and Plain Wares in the Tonto Basin: Precursor Correlate of Culture Change (2019)
This is an abstract from the "WHY PLATFORM MOUNDS? PART 1: MOUND DEVELOPMENT AND CASE STUDIES" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We present a consideration of Roosevelt Black-on-white, recovered from archaeological sites in Arizona's Tonto Basin, as a correlate for Tonto Basin populations’ changing exchange relations as well as emulation through production of locally-produced copies of non-local wares. Implications of broad-scale ceramic exchange,...