WWII (Other Keyword)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel J. Lenihan. Larry Murphy. Matthew A. Russell. Dave Conlin.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Hard Science on Hard Steel: Scientific Studies of the USS Arizona" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This paper discusses the intellectual and managment rationales that have focused interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research on USS Arizona form more than 4 decades. The talk will focus on successes, lessons learned and pathways forward for the nex 40 years and then next generations of underwater...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Agustin J Ortiz.

This is an abstract from the "Developing Standard Methods, Public Interpretation, and Management Strategies on Submerged Military Archaeology Sites" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. As a continuation of the Naval Air Station Patuxent River (NAS Patuxent River) Aircraft Survey, this paper will focus on the study of a submerged aircraft which may represent the first F8F Bearcat. Naval History and Heritage Command is continuing to research potential...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David W Alberg.

ABSTRACT: Conducting long-term broad-scope projects have become increasingly difficult in ever-shrinking federal budgets and a slow economy. This reality has necessitated an all-inclusive approach, partnering with a wide range of institutions to achieve an end. Since the Battle of the Atlantic Project began in 2008, NOAAs Office of National Marine Sanctuaries has partnered with several internal line offices: Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Office of Coast Survey, Office of Marine and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adrian Hunt.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Strides Towards Standard Methodologies in Aeronautical Archaeology" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The aircraft of World War II (WWII) provide the largest volume sample in aircraft archaeology with potential to investigate broad patterns. These aircraft represent both combat and training losses. Over 10,000 total planes were lost over the UK during this period and over 7,000 USAAF aircraft were lost in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tuuli Matila. Timo Ylimaunu. Paul R. Mullins.

This is an abstract from the "POSTER Session 2: Linking Historic Documents and Background Research in Archaeology" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. We will examine Finnish Army photographs from World War Two, that we argue, can shape Finnish views of the war. The photographs have been published in an online gallery, and have mnemonic potential beyond their use in scholarship. Images can be viewed as what Alison Landsberg calls "prosthetic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stacey L. Camp.

During World War II, approximately 120,000 individuals of Japanese heritage were imprisoned in internment camps in the United States, with 2/3 of the prisoners holding American citizenship. This paper looks at health and hygiene related artifacts found at one such internment camp, the Kooskia Internment Camp, which was located in north Idaho and in operation from May 1943 to May 1945. Hygiene and health products mediated the racial boundaries between not only Anglo American officials and their...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Denise To. Kristin Bukovec. Allison Campo. Justin Pyle.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Quality Assurance is not typically a discussion firestarter in archaeology. It is intended to provide processes to ensure proper documentation and design for quality and performance. Often found in service/manufacturing industries, it is not typically applied to academic archaeology. But at the U.S. Defense POW/MIA Accounting...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire P. Phelan. Janet Adamski.

This paper will examine the sinking of HMAS Sydney in the Indian Ocean on 19 November 1941, by the German raider, SV Kormoran. All hands on the Sydney were lost, a total of 635 men, one-third of the nation’s Navy. The fate of the Sydney has always remained controversial, due to the lack of survivors. Despite numerous attempts, investigators consistently failed to trace the wreckage of either ship until 2008, when the crew of SV Geosounder located both vessels, thus closing one of the most tragic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mike W. Williams. Mallory R. Haas.

The wreck of the SS James Eagan Layne (JEL) has been a diving site since 1954, due to her masts still visible above the water. She is known to be the most dived wreck in the UK and was subject to early salvaging from divers who thought it fair game. Which is a frame of thinking in British diving culture then and today. Plymouth, the location of the JEL is the birthplace of South West diving at Fort Bovisand, and as such the SHIPS Project, a non-governmental organization started the Liberty 70...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Melanie Damour. Douglas Jones. Jason Chaytor.

This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. On May 12, 1942, the 500-foot-long, steel-hulled tanker Virginia was sunk by the German U-boat U-507 off the Mississippi River’s Southwest Pass. The shipwreck was discovered in nearly 300 feet of water during a 2001 oil and gas survey and was investigated by a remotely operated vehicle in 2004. A 2006 geophysical survey found that the shipwreck had moved more than 1,200 feet...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bert S. Ho. Kelly Gleason Keogh.

In June of 2017, the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Midway will occur as archeologists begin the first dedicated project to discover the sunken aircraft at the atoll involved in the battle. Often considered as the turning point of the Pacific Front in World War II, Midway has been difficult to study archaeologically because of the remoteness of the location, and the difficulty in surveying around the treacherous reefs that surround it. Efforts to locate submerged aircraft have been made...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Witmore.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. What difference does an archaeological approach make to a period saturated by historical documents, photographic archives, and recordings of eyewitness accounts? Since 2011 a group of archaeologists have undertaken fieldwork at a World War II prisoner of war camp at Sværholt in Norway’s far north. The labor camp for Soviet prisoners was established in 1942 as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter W. Kelsey.

The National Park Service is investigating large scale yet highly accurate distributed models that could assist preservation activities across the Pacific. Recent innovations regarding reality capture and computer modeling technologies specific to the marine environment, including LiDAR, SONAR and photogrammetry are providing value to heritage projects in the Pacific. The first comprehensive survey of the USS Arizona ship and memorial at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii since 1984 began in November of 2013...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gregory Cook.

As one of the many popular diving spots in Northwest Florida, divers have been visiting the site of the San Pablo for decades.  Little was known about the vessel's history until recent research revealed the large, steel-hulled freighter was sunk in a top secret OSS operation known as Project Campbell.  The project involved the development of a disguised, remote-controlled vessel carrying explosives capable of attacking and sinking enemy vessels, and it was intended to be deployed during the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeline J. Roth. Jennifer F McKinnon.

KOCOA military terrain analysis is a tool used to interpret and analyze terrestrial, and more recently, naval battlescapes; however there has been little experimentation with the application of KOCOA to aerial combat. Renewed interest in the June 1942 attack on Midway atoll (coinciding with the 75th anniversary of the attack) presented researchers with an opportunity to expand KOCOA definitions to incorporate aerial combat into terrain analysis. The resulting terrain features were used to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donald Johnson. Dave Conlin. Medlin Dana.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "Hard Science on Hard Steel: Scientific Studies of the USS Arizona" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. During a visit to the USS Arizona Memorial in 1998, samples from Wapio Point, Pearl Harbor were provided the author and delivered to the UNL Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering for metallurgical examination. Subsequent field operations in 2002 focused on potential/ pH measurements and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Blair Atcheson. Richard Hulver.

This is an abstract from the "Developing Standard Methods, Public Interpretation, and Management Strategies on Submerged Military Archaeology Sites" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The 2017 discovery of USS Indianapolis, one of the Navy’s most storied ships and sought-after wrecksites, propelled the vessel back into the public eye and highlighted a string of deep-water WWII shipwreck investigations. After the media hype subsided, the Naval...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sydney M Swierenga.

This is a poster submission presented at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. During World War II, over thirty US aircraft carriers supported the war effort but none were more unique than USS Wolverine and USS Sable. Converted from the luxurious Great Lakes passenger steamships, SS Seeandbee and SS Greater Buffalo, into aircraft training carriers, the ships underwent remarkable transformations at a time when America was facing material shortages and desperately...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tane Renata Casserley.

More than any other place in the United States, coastal Virginia and North Carolina serve as a uniquely accessible underwater museum and memorial to WWII’s Battle of the Atlantic. Since 2008, NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary and partners have documented and surveyed this unique collection of WWII Allied and German vessels. NOAA’s goal is to protect these fragile historic resources for future generations, and to preserve the memory of the brave Allied service men and U.S. merchant...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ian P Harrison.

In 1939, the Union of South Africa was caught unprepared for war. Lacking a servicable navy, the Union Defense Force was neverthelss tasked with protecting Allied supply lines through the Southern Ocean. Despite establishing a series of coastal defenses and RADAR stations to this end, Allied merchants rounding the Cape continued to suffer heavy casualties. As these losses mounted, competing ethnic, cultural, and political factions within the Union began using the U-boat war as fuel for their...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Keith Myhrer.

This study examines the crashes that occurred at this training facility from 1942-1945. Most that are discussed are categorized as Notable Accidents, which include fatalities, major damage to aircraft, and atypical crashes. There were 59 Notable Accidents with 134 fatalities which are discussed in individual crash sections. Official accident reports follow. There were 134 minor accidents categorized as Incidents. They are situations that resulted in only minor damage to planes and humans. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dominic Bush. Jason Raupp. Justin Dunnavant.

This is an abstract from the session entitled "From Whalers to World War II: Guam Underwater Archaeology", at the 2024 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. During World War II, the Hawaiian island of Maui served as the core of US naval aviation in the Pacific, while its beaches and offshore environment provided the ideal practice setting for amphibious combat. South Maui was transformed into a major military training sphere, succeeding periods of sustained, pre-Contact...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew E Keith. Amanda M Evans. Eric Swanson.

An estimated 56 commercial vessels were sunk by German U-boats in the Gulf of Mexico during targeted campaigns conducted between 1941 and 1943.  In the years since, an estimated 14 of these wrecks have been located and identified with a high degree of confidence.   A number of these sites have undergone varying levels of archaeological analysis, although very few have been scientifically excavated, resulting in little related material culture.  This paper will review the archaeological evidence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristen Baker.

A central tenant of military philosophy is "adapt, improvise, and overcome". Navigating battlefields requires constant adaptation to dynamic surroundings due to the interplay of several variables such as 1) pre-existing landscape and terrain, 2) enemy defenses, 3) enemy opposing forces, and 4) friendly and enemy fire. To successfully navigate the archaeology of a historic or prehistoric battlefield, archaeologists must attempt to understand the variables (such as those listed) that contributed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer F McKinnon. Toni Carrell. Genevieve S. Cabrera.

A recent ABPP-funded project explored community consensus building for the protection of WWII-related caves on the island of Saipan in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The project utilized radio and television public service announcements for the purpose of sharing a local message of protection and preservation of caves with the island community. This paper outlines the process of community engagement and involvement, recording privately owned WWII cave sites, developing a...