Paleoindian and Paleoamerican (Other Keyword)
526-550 (596 Records)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Although archaeological research in northwest Florida has yielded a rich assemblage of stone tools produced by late Pleistocene and early Holocene hunter-gatherers, little research has been undertaken to quantitatively define and describe the variable chert resources from which these tools were made. This paper presents the framework for a new geomorphic model...
Taxonomy and Taphonomy of Beringian Flora and Fauna from the Southern Yukon-Alaska Borderlands with Reference to the Little John Site (KdVo-6), Yukon, Canada (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Posters on the Archaeology of the Southern Yukon-Alaska Borderlands" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Southern Yukon-Alaska Borderlands (SY-AB) is geographically coincident with the southeastern extent of Pleistocene Beringia. This unglaciated land mass formed a unique refugium along the northwestern margins of the Cordilleran ice cap to the east and south and the Brooks Range glacial mass to the north. This poster...
Techno-economic Approach to Early Lithic Industries of Fuego-Patagonia, Discussing Interactions Among Culture, Society, and the Environment (50º-56º South Latitude) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In this paper, we discuss studies of the early lithic materials from Fell Cave and Cueva del Medio (c. 13.000 cal BP) in comparison with Holocene industries from Punta Santa Ana 1, Marazzi 1, Cabo Monmouth 20, Pizzulic 2. Three main axes are assessed: first, transport and interactions related to non-local raw materials; second, elaborated core reduction...
Technological Changes in Patagonia: Debitage Analysis at Chorrillo Malo 2 Site (Upper Santa Cruz River Basin) (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Debitage Analysis: Case Studies, Successes, and Cautionary Tales" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent researches have shown the presence of technological and, in some cases, chronological discontinuities in the archaeological record of Central-South Patagonia from the Pleistocene–Holocene transition to the Late Holocene. Most of these changes have been recognized on lithic tools. In this presentation, we use...
Technological Organization of Two Prearchaic Sites in Grass Valley, Nevada (2018)
The research presented here works from the proposition that patterns in lithic assemblages reflect human organizational strategies. Preliminary investigations of 26La4434, a single component Prearchaic site in Grass Valley, reveal a pattern of large game exploitation in proximity to a Pleistocene shoreline. Standard metric, morphological, and edge-wear analysis of the flaked stone assemblage is used to evaluate whether the site facilitated access to local wetland resources and large game...
Technological Origins of the Denali Complex (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeology of Alaska, the Gateway to the Americas" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Our understanding of the origins of early Alaskan assemblage variability is challenged by the co-occurrence or absence of two key lithic technologies—microblades and bifacial projectile points—and the variety of morphologies and production strategies within these categories. Alaskan archaeological complexes that existed prior to the...
Temporal Persistence of Spear-Thrower Use in Uruguay: Evidence from the Late Pleistocene and Late Holocene (2024)
This is an abstract from the "The Global “Impact” of Projectile Technologies: Updating Methods and Regional Overviews of the Invention and Transmission of the Spear-Thrower and the Bow and Arrow" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The plains of Uruguay are an appropriate place to investigate different aspects of lithic projectile technology used with spear-thrower and bow and arrow. During the initial settlement, we have recorded an interesting...
Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene Exploitation of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in the Bonneville Basin (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Behavioral Ecology and Archaeology" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Despite extensive study of prehistoric human foraging behavior in the Bonneville basin, little is known about human exploitation of birds, as many of these analyses focus on the hunting of mammalian prey and present models of diet breadth that are limited to artiodactyls and lagomorphs. This study uses the prey choice model of foraging theory to...
Terminal Pleistocene and Holocene Adaptive Strategies at the Paisley Caves, Oregon (2018)
There are key questions about the timing of the initial settlement of the northern Great Basin, how settlers adapted to the pluvial lake and wetland landscape they encountered upon arrival, and how these adaptations changed in response to Holocene climate change. The Paisley Caves in south-central Oregon provide a unique opportunity to investigate these questions. The caves produced the earliest evidence for human settlement of the Great Basin including coprolites containing human DNA dating to...
Terminal Pleistocene Climate Change and Shifting Paleoindian Landscapes in North Florida (2018)
Much of the Southeastern United States suffers from poor organic preservation. Direct dating of archaeological components is often impossible, and intact paleoenvironmental sequences are very rare, especially for the terminal Pleistocene. Inundated terrestrial sites in the Aucilla River of northwestern Florida can overcome both of these difficulties, with archaeological materials buried within directly-dateable intact strata containing well-preserved paleobotanical and faunal remains. Strata...
Terminal Pleistocene Human Occupations in the North Pacific Basin of Alaska: Results and Implications of Test Excavation at Nataeł Na’ (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeology of Alaska, the Gateway to the Americas" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Nataeł Na’ is an ancient buried multicomponent site located in the northern Copper River Basin. During the 2017–2018 field seasons NPS Archaeologist Lee Reininghaus led test excavations at Nataeł Na’ revealing a combustion feature dating to ~12,200–11,400 cal BP. In 2019 a team from the Center for the Study of the First Americans at...
Theoretical Frameworks for Modelling Late-Pleistocene Costal Migration into the New World (2018)
Spatial modeling of early prehistoric maritime movement on the Pacific Northwest Coast is important in contemporary archaeology because it can help locate new sites in a landscape which has radically changed over the last 20,000 years. Here we present the theoretical framework used in a research project which modeled maritime movement using least cost path analysis (LCP) to determine the routes most likely to have been traveled by the inhabitants of the Dundas Islands, British Columbia over the...
Theoretical Reflections on Textiles and Environment in the Northern Great Basin (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Textiles are often given short thrift in archaeological research and reporting, due in large part to their rarity and thus limited depth of analysis. Recent studies have demonstrated a variety of new analytical techniques, revealing new potential in archaeological and anthropological textile studies. Unfortunately, over ten years into these developments, few...
Theoretically Based Investigations of the Paleo-Indian Occupation of Grass Valley, Nevada (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The nature of human use of the central Great Basin during the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition (PHT) remains unclear. Ongoing archaeological research in Grass Valley, Nevada, focuses on understanding foraging behavior in changing PHT landscapes through expectations of Human Behavioral Ecology and geoarchaeological investigations for defining the extent of...
Theory at the Waterline: Advances in Submerged Precontact Landscape Archaeology (2024)
This is an abstract from the "*SE The State of Theory in Southeastern Archaeology" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The southeastern United States encompasses the greatest extent of submerged continental shelf in North America along with the greatest abundance of documented submerged precontact sites. It also includes some of the earliest documented precontact sites in North America, some of which are also submerged today. A substantial component of...
Thermal Analysis as a Means to Understand Prehistoric Heat Treatment and Performance Differences in Tool Stone (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Thermal analysis (TGA/DTA/STA) has seen sporadic use as an archaeometric technique. Recent papers on archaeological mortars, plasters, ceramic pigments, and paints have sought to understand recipes or mineralogical components by thermal decomposition, especially where traditional chemical analysis by mass spectrometry is limited due to the multiple forms a...
A Thermoregulatory Perspective on the Folsom Archaeological Record (2018)
Human cold intolerance unambiguously suggests that mid to high latitude prehistoric foragers used thermoregulatory technologies, such as clothing and housing, to cope with the environment, even if archaeologists rarely find them in the record. Others have recognized this, but none have developed a formal means of expressing variation in thermal technologies in the archaeological record over widespread temperature clines. I draw from observations collected during ethnoarchaeological fieldwork...
They’re Alright: Late Quaternary Fossil Pocket Gopher DNA Provides Nuanced View of Climate Changes at Hall’s Cave, Texas (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Although considered pests to farmers and golfers alike, gophers – specifically pocket gophers (family Geomyidae) – can be excellent proxies for assessing climate change in archaeological contexts owing to their penchant for living in specific soil conditions. At the Hall’s Cave site in Kerr County, Texas, geomyids are found in most of the radiocarbon-dated...
Topographic Morphometrics: Utilizing 3D Scans of Lithic Projectile Points to Look for Similarities and Differences in Flake Scar Patterning (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The conceptual basis of this study is that flintknapping knowledge and technique in small, hunter-gatherer groups is passed from generation to generation through a small number of flintknappers. This should result in similar flake scar patterning on projectile points that can be identified using topographic morphometric analysis. Topographic morphometrics is a...
Tortuga - Haiti's Ile de la Tortue - Prehistoric and Buccaneer Archaeology (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Ile de la Tortue, Haiti, is perhaps more famously known as Tortuga for its association with the seventeenth century's Buccaneers. It was settled in prehistoric times by multiple cultural groups, given its Spanish name by Columbus, depopulated by enslavement of its indigenous population, settled by English Puritans, liberated by French Huguenots, became a...
Towards the Development of a Temporal GIS for the Study of the Peopling of the Americas (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Peopling of the Americas remains a provocative topic in both North and South American Archaeology. Speculation about who the indigenous inhabitants of the Americas were, where they came from, and how they got here, began the moment European explorers first encountered them. Current archaeological data and theory indicate humans had reached the landmass...
Tracing Paleoamerican adaptations to South American Tropics: new data from lithics analyses in Brazil (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent archaeological findings in the neotropical region of South America are central to understanding the early adaptations of Paleoamerican populations to diverse ecosystems, especially tropical areas, between 14,000 and 9,000 BP — a period marked by significant paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic shifts. This study focuses on the critical role of...
Tracing Paleoindian Projectile Point Diversity in the American Southeast (2018)
Paleoindian projectile points occur in high incidences in the American Southeast, and compared to other regions in the East, the Southeast has the greatest projectile point diversity. One effective way to understand this diversity is by tracking broad-scale morphological variation in suites of point traits to build cultural lineages. In this paper, we take a more trait-specific approach. We trace changes in projectile point design to understand the evolution of specific point attributes that...
Tracking Early Human Presence in North America and Beringia during the Late Pleistocene through Bayesian Age Modeling (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The timing of early human presence in the Americas is a debated topic in First Americans research. The variable of time is, after all, fundamental in the study of human dispersal; it forms a base with which to elucidate spatio-temporal patterns, study applicable bio-cultural processes, and frame environmental data. As such, this investigation analyses current...
The Trackway Site: Human Footprints at the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition in the Great Salt Lake Desert (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Application of Geophysical Techniques to Military Archaeology" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2022, human footprints were discovered on the Old River Bed delta, a large terminal Pleistocene to early Holocene distributary wetland in western Utah’s Great Salt Lake Desert. The site also sits within the boundaries of the U.S. Air Force’s Utah Test and Training Range. The prints’ preservation and context showed the...