Andes: Late Horizon (Other Keyword)
76-100 (203 Records)
This is an abstract from the "How Did the Inca Construct Cuzco?" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Though generations of scholars have mapped nearly all the standing architecture of the imperial and colonial city of Cusco, nevertheless, the site remains caught in the hypothetical moment of its apogee prior to its destruction during the Great Inca Revolt. A recent intensive survey of the central portion of the city provides nuanced data that permits a...
In the Heart of the Inca: An Osteobiography at Huanacauri (Cusco, Peru) (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This study takes an osteobiographical approach to describe the archaeological significance and life history of the only known individual buried within Huanacauri (Cusco, Peru), one of the most sacred sites in the Inca Empire (ca. 1400-1533 CE). Given the significant location of the burial—in the center of the place the Incas perceived as the foundation of...
In the Land of Llamas and Ají: New Insights into the Late Horizon Inca Occupation of the Middle Sama Valley, Southern Peru (2018)
Since the 1970s, the Sama valley on the far south coast of Peru has been known to house the Inca site of Sama Grande since the excavations of German archaeologist Hermann Trimborn. Situated at the crossroads of the Quapaq Ñan running parallel to the Andean foothills and from the coast to the highlands, Sama Grande was assumed to direct people, animals, and goods across the region during the Late Horizon (14th-15th century AD). In 2017, full-coverage pedestrian survey of the coastal desert plain...
The Inca Administration of the Middle Cañete Valley, Peru (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The historical accounts of the Cañete valley, recovered by the Spanish conquistadores, inform that the Incas found two different kinds of reactions to their conquest attempts: while the Guarco kingdom, in the lower valley, resisted the Incas domination; the Lunahuná kingdom, in the middle valley, supported the Inca troops and generals. While this information...
Inca Hydrodynamics at the Chachabamba Archeological Site (Machu Picchu National Archeological Park, Peru) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Water Management in the Andes: Past, Present, and Future" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Chachabamba archaeological site in the Machu Picchu National Archeological Park contains a unique water complex erected by the Incas. Based on archaeological investigations, it has been established that the function of this water complex was strictly ceremonial. The necessity to control water flow in an architectural context...
The Inca State and the Valley of Acari, Peru (2018)
The south coast of Peru was one of the regions conquered relatively early by the expanding Inca state. Following its incorporation, a series of Inca administrative centers were established, all linked by a branch of the Inca road. Tambo Viejo was established in the Acarí Valley. The south coast was, in general, incorporated peacefully into the imperial system; the administrative control exercised by the Inca state was likely to have been exerted through local authorities. However, Inca control...
Inca Stone Sources, Quarrying, and Transport (2019)
This is an abstract from the "How Did the Inca Construct Cuzco?" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Stone was fundamental to building Cuzco and there was significant variability in the sources and sizes of stones employed. To understand the history of construction, we must take into account relationships with the people and resources of the wider region, which impacted where the stones originated and how they were worked, transported, and used....
The Inca Transformation of the Lucre Basin (2019)
This is an abstract from the "How Did the Inca Construct Cuzco?" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the study of archaic states and empires, much can be gained from analyzing how imperialist regimes transform and modify the landscape and built environment in the pursuit of their political goals. The Inca Empire, which expanded out of the Cusco Valley in the south-central Peruvian Andes ca. 1400 CE, provides an ideal case study to understand this...
Inca Views of the Native Groups of Southern Ecuador (2018)
Over time, the Incas created varying narratives surrounding the native groups of southern Ecuador, including the Paltas, Cañaris, and coastal groups, such as the Punaes. I examine these narratives through historical accounts from both northern sources and Cusco-centric writers, which serve as our primary sources of information, and compare these to archaeological data, which are mainly limited to the Cañari region. These narratives are the product of the history of Inca interactions from initial...
Incas and Yumbos at Palmitopamba, Tulipe and Other Notable Sites on the Northwestern Periphery of Tawantinsuyo (2018)
Survey and excavation data from the western Pichincha cloud forest of northwestern Ecuador have provided tantalizing evidence of an unusual relationship between Incas and the autochthonous Yumbo populations. The monumental pool site of Tulipe, the terraced hill complex of Palmitopamba, and the pucaras of Chacapata and Capillapamba all provide an extraordinary view of the tentative, late expansion of Tawantinsuyo into the sub-Andean jungle of northern Ecuador. After a dozen seasons of excavation...
The Incas in Nasca: A Review of Data from the Northern Drainage (2018)
Little research has been conducted in the Nasca region to explicitly improve our understanding of the nature of Inca occupation in the region. A while back, Menzel (1959) noted the lack of local monumental architecture associated to Inca sites in Nasca. In contrast to the Ica valley, surface data from sites in the Nasca area suggest that local populations lacked socio-political complexity and were organized at the level of simple chiefdom structures. Later on Schreiber (1992) suggested that the...
Incas, locales y otras identidades: Dinámicas materiales en el norte de Chile en tiempos del Tawantinsuyo (2018)
Los estudios arqueológicos en Chile plantearon la ausencia de una conquista incaica propiamente tal en esta parte del Desierto de Atacama, puesto que sus poblaciones se hallaban insertas dentro de sistemas de complementariedad ecológica preincaicos, cuyas cabeceras o "señoríos" se encontraban en el altiplano del lago Titicaca. Y las que, una vez anexadas al Tawantinsuyo, implicaron un dominio casi automático de las restantes entidades ubicadas en lugares más alejados como las del norte chileno,...
Inka and Local Elite Interaction as Reflected at the Inka Site of Incahuasi, Cañete, South Central Coast of Peru (2018)
Incahuasi, located at the mid-valley of the Cañete river, is the largest Inca administrative center reported from Peru's Central Coast. Although first built as a military base by the Inca Tupac Yupanqui in his war against the Guarcos, the site was completely transformed into an administrative center with an extense and prominent storage facility. Recent research at the site has focused in Sector B, described as an elite residential complex. Excavations have found a significant number of finished...
Inka Colonialism without Inkas: Uncovering the Role of Lowland-Affiliated Populations in the Consolidation of the Eastern Andean Frontier (2018)
As the Inkas expanded their imperial hegemony over the valleys of the eastern Andes, their armies fought and then forged political and military alliances with the various cultural groups comprising the Charkas confederacy. While the Spanish chronicles and local ethnohistoric sources attest to these events and to the important role the local indigenous populations played in Inka colonization efforts along the eastern imperial frontier, they are all curiously silent on another important population...
Inka Dry Ashlar Masonry, a Deliberate Seismic-Proof Architecture? Reassessment through an Archaeoseismological Approach in the Cuzco Area, Peru (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. For decades now, various scholars have assumed that the Inkas developed seismic-resistant construction techniques. While it is true that some architectural features are particularly well suited to face the seismic risk, no structural evidence can demonstrate with confidence the intentionality of the earthquake resistance. As part of our research, we discuss...
Inka Dynamics in the Cochabamba Valley (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. After expansion from Cuzco, the Inca introduced a statecraft model based principally on the mobilization of numerous population groups across longer and shorter distances. In this sense, the Inca Empire can be conceptualized as a “mobile state” that was to last for only 80 to 100 years (1445-1538 AD). Inca influence in the area of Bolivia was moderate...
Inka Economic and Ritual Landscapes in the Cañete Valley: Strategies to Align the Lunahuana and Guarco (2018)
I will assess strategies employed by the Inka state in interactions with local populations in the Cañete Valley and adjacent valleys. The Spanish found two señorios in the lower Cañete Valley: the Lunahuana, whom they described as well organized and inclined to submit to Inka rule and the Guarco who lived on the shore, offered fierce resistance, and were brutally subdued. The Inka built Inkawasi in Lunahuana territory, envisioned as one copy of Cusco. Inka presence in Guarco territory is...
The Inka Empire in the Valley of Volcanoes, Southern Peruvian Andes (2018)
States and empires attempt to incorporate and transform local landscapes and cultural practices in efforts to legitimize their social orders. Research on the Inka Empire in the Andagua Valley of the Southern Peruvian Andes has shown how these processes are incomplete and become entangled with local practices and the stubborn materiality of history. This poster presents recent archaeological and anthropological research, identifying the reach and effects of Inka Empire and distinguishing local...
Inka Materiality in Local Practice: A Case Study from Huarochirí (Lima, Peru) (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Indigenous Stories of the Inka Empire: Local Experiences of Ancient Imperialism" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The results from archaeological excavations on a residential settlement and a ritual-public center in Huarochirí suggest minimal use of Inka-style material culture in most everyday life contexts. At the same time, architectural intervention suggests a significant transformation on both sites’ layouts....
The Inka Road and Mobility of a Fisher Community in the Cañete Valley, Peru (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Inka Road system was a critical infrastructure for expanding and consolidating the Inka empire in the Andes. From the traditional view, the existence of the Inka Road across diverse regions was seen as an indicator of how the Inkas integrated and controlled the mobility of subject communities. Other recent perspectives have emphasized the mobility of...
Inka Unku: Imperial or Provincial? State-Local Relations (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Standardized Inka tunics or unku were created under the Inka State auspices as symbolic expressions of their expansionist power. To ensure these textiles acquired the status of effective insignias of territorial control, the Inka imposed technical and aesthetic canons on highly skilled weavers. These conventions were adapted relative to the traditions and...
Interaction and Resistance against the Inka on the Land of the Cañaris, Southern Ecuador (2018)
According to the early Spanish chronicles, the Cañaris were a constellation of chiefdoms which fiercely challenged the Inka expansion to the north. Early Texts show that war and conflict was the way they interacted in the region. As a conquest strategy during Wayna Qhapac's rule, the Inkas built important infrastructure in their heartland, such as Tomebamba in Cuenca and Ingapirka in Hatún Cañar, in addition to other smaller sites along the Qhapac Ñan. However, the archaeological evidence for...
Interactions, Geopolitical Mastery, and Empire: What Local-Level Political Machinations Tell Us about Imperial Strategy during the Late Prehispanic Period (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Dedication, Collaboration, and Vision, Part I: Papers in Honor of Tom D. Dillehay" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Tom Dillehay’s early research in the Peruvian Chillon valley integrated archaeological and historical methods to demonstrate that Inka imperialism was not monolithic. Critically engaging with traditional models of verticality among Andean communities, his data-rich research demonstrated that the previous...
Intercambio a larga distancia del area cultural Ychsma con la costa norte y el Ecuador entre los 900 y 1532 dC (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Political Economies on the Andean Coast" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. El registro arqueológico de la costa central peruana durante los períodos tardíos (900-1532 dC) da cuenta de la presencia de conchas y semillas exóticas, y piedras semi preciosas provenientes de la costa nor peruana y del Ecuador. Su presencia se explica a través de dos posibles rutas: la terrestre y la marítima. La etnohistoria grafica que en el...
Interpreting Increments – What Can Isotopic Evidence Tell Us about Care in the Past? (2018)
Maternal and infant care practices are deeply individual, as well as being affected by both cultural and environmental factors. Disentangling the various processes which lead to decision-making in the past is difficult, and bioarchaeologists must use multiple lines of evidence to begin to understand behaviours. New incremental isotopic techniques mean that it is now possible to look at individual maternal and infant experiences through tissue chemistry. However, incremental isotopic results are...