Physical-Biological (Other Keyword)

DOCUMENT Full-Text Penina Kadalida.

This resource is an application for a Wadsworth International Fellowship from the Wenner-Gren Foundation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Cindy Mansour.

This resource is an application for a Wadsworth International Fellowship from the Wenner-Gren Foundation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Bernardo Yáñez.

This resource is an application for a Global Initiative Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Our aim is to constitute the Bioanthropological Latin American Network, with the purpose of improving the management and ethical standards for conducting bioanthropological research. Our starting point focuses on establishing ethical guidelines for the work with ancient human remains, specifically ancient DNA research, where we identify major asymmetries between and within scholars in Latin America...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kristin Kovarovic.

This resource is an application for the Post PhD Research Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. The remains of fossil animals represent an abundant dataset by which to address a variety of important questions relating to human evolution, including the ecological conditions in which our hominin ancestors evolved. However, because of the multitude of processes that modify or even remove remains from the fossil record, analytical techniques that utilize them cannot assume that the once living...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Filipa Abreu.

This resource is an application for Hunt Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. For centuries, researchers have studied language evolution. Recently, the "Interaction Engine” hypothesis suggested that language arose from our unique social interaction abilities, including face-to-face interaction and cooperative turn-taking. Turn-taking has been suggested to be an ancient mechanism found across the primate order. Although turn-taking studies have been biased towards...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Sharon DeWitte.

This resource is an application for the Post PhD Research Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Crisis mortality, a dramatic but temporary increase in mortality rate above the baseline level resulting from a single extraordinary factor, was an important phenomenon in past human populations and continues to affect living people in ways that might be preventable. One of the most important mortality crises in history was the Black Death; in Europe alone, the epidemic killed tens of millions of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Tal Simmons.

This resource is an application for a Global Initiatives Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. The East Marshall Street Well Project research is the result of a multi-year community consultation concerning remains of ancestors discovered during construction on the campus of Virginia Commonwealth University’s medical school in 1994. A well/anatomy pit, was uncovered; the state archaeologist was allowed only two days to recover the commingled human remains. The National Natural History Museum...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kirsten Mink.

This resource is an application for a Workshop Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Bioarchaeology has the capacity to serve as a conduit for public engagement in reconstructing the past, particularly in connecting descendant communities, past peoples, and those who study them. However, criticisms of public engagement often arise when outreach efforts don’t effectively engage in capacity building with local communities or involve them in the reconstruction process. In Belize, this is...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jill Pruetz.

This resource is an application for the Post PhD Research Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) living in a savanna environment at Fongoli, Senegal are the only known mammalian population besides humans that hunt with tools. Chimpanzees here use modified stick tools ('spears') to hunt nocturnal prosimians (Galago senegalensis) as they nest in tree cavities during the day. Additionally, females hunt significantly more than expected with tools, while males...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Cecelia Chisdock.

This resource is an application for a Dissertation Fieldwork Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Juveniles are often considered an especially vulnerable subset of the population, but how this group is defined and cared for varies based on socio-cultural context. Juvenile care is a major determinant of lifetime health not often investigated in bioarchaeology, resulting in gaps in knowledge of past communities' health and social conceptions of the life course. This research proposes a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Melissa Manus.

This resource is an application for the Dissertation Fieldwork Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. The human microbiome -the collection of microorganisms (and their genes) that live in, on, and around us- represents an interface through which contact with the environment impacts human biology. More specifically, contact with the social environment shapes host microbial communities, which in turn influence host physiology and immune system development. Despite these important connections,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Victoria Harries.

This resource is an application for a Dissertation Fieldwork Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. With the rates of obesity continuing to rise worldwide, this project presents the opportunity to understand early-life metabolic development, growth patterns, and the prevalence of obesity in human populations. Current research supports the theory that maternal/infant energy transfer through human milk influences early nutritional development of the infant and begins metabolic programming that...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Sofia Forss.

This resource is an application for the Post PhD Research Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Human behavior is characterized by the motivation to seek out new knowledge, often leading to discoveries or innovations. Already as infants, we are curious about the world around us. Paradoxically, scientific work on curiosity in non-human animals is surprisingly rare and we know remarkably little about the origins of curiosity and how the trait is distributed and expressed among non-human...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Paloma Contreras.

This resource is an application for a Dissertation Fieldwork Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Water insecurity is a worldwide problem involving water access, water quality, and water affect (i.e. the emotional, cultural, and subjective experiences of water). It presents a major stressor that negatively impacts mental and physical health. Despite this burden, studies addressing the connections between water insecurity, psychological stress, and human biology are lacking. This project...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Christopher Gilbert.

This resource is an application for the Hunt Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Despite recent advances in chronometric techniques, the geological ages of many Plio-Pleistocene deposits containing early hominins, particularly those in South Africa, remain in doubt. Consequently, biochronology and relative faunal dating methods remain valuable age-assessment tools, and cercopithecoid monkeys have historically been among the most biochronologically useful faunal elements....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Marian Hamilton.

This resource is an application for the Dissertation Fieldwork Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. While the fossil record captures many crucial details of our evolutionary past, it does not preserve social behavior. Certain aspects of spatial landscape use, such as dispersal and home range size, have major consequences on social organization. An accurate reconstruction of landscape use by fossil hominins would therefore be an empirical proxy for otherwise-elusive social behaviors....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Luisa Rivera.

This resource is an application for the Dissertation Fieldwork Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. What can anthropology do to reconcile the ubiquity of generational resilience with the growing science of heritable alterations to the stress response to adversity? Engaging a critical biocultural approach, I investigate the intergenerational embodiment and transmission of trauma in the wake of the Guatemalan genocide. My work is rooted in three generations of indigenous genocide survivors...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Allysha Winburn.

This resource is an application for a Post PhD Research Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. In segregated or oppressive societies, social marginalization can be embodied—literally incorporated into human bodies over a lifetime—with significant detrimental influences on health and wellbeing. Research in social epidemiology and medical anthropology links the embodiment of structural inequity with early mortality and increased morbidity. Bioarchaeological research indicates that inequity is...