Climate Change (Other Keyword)
51-75 (198 Records)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)", at the 2024 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Since the earliest times in human history, people have lived along coasts and relied on marine resources for subsistence, raw materials, maintaining social links, and for transportation. The identity of many communities globally is directly linked to their relation to the sea and the oceans. The tangible components of their...
Coastal Erosion as an Arena for Change (2017)
The problem facing archaeological heritage through loss and damage caused by rising sea levels and increased storminess requires responses that are multi-facetted and creative. Sufficient resources to deal with exposed archaeological sites and deposits through established ‘preservation by record’ methodologies are not available anywhere. In the Scottish archipelago of Orkney the combination of sand and low lying shores and extremely rich archaeological heritage make the problems of coastal...
Community action at sites threatened by natural processes (2017)
Around the world, thousands of archaeological sites are threatened by coastal processes. Although many countries have successfully implemented schemes to address threats from development, this is not the case for sites at risk from natural processes. Without developers to fund mitigation projects, the scale of the problem appears enormous, and it is difficult for individual agencies to commit to preserving, or even recording, everything at risk. Systems are needed to update information and...
Connecting Archaeology and Blue Knowledge for a Sustainable Planet (2018)
In 2015 the United Nations established Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) as part of a global agenda. SDG 14 charges the world to "conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources." SDG 13 urges action to combat climate change and its impacts, while SDG 11 calls for greater efforts to safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage. Our goal here is to show that these goals are best addressed together. In the US alone, nearly half the population lives in coastal...
Conservation and Restoration Practices for Coral Reefs (2018)
Coral Reef ecosystems are composed of sessile colonies that have evolved over thousands of years. The rate of loss of these important and unique ecosystems is heightened by climate change and acute human impacts and their conservation is important for marine life and coastal communities. Many strategies are being used to protect coral reefs including marine protected areas, artificial reefs, and coral gardening. Coral gardening is gaining momentum as communities and scientists work to rebuild...
Contributing Historical Archaeology to Global Efforts to Address Climate Change (2016)
In the most recent Summary for Policy Makers from the IPCC Working Group II (Adaptation), this statement, "Throughout history, people and societies have adjusted to and coped with climate, climate variability, and extremes, with varying degrees of success," is written without attribution. Though this statement is a consensus view, the absence of a footnote disconnects it from analyses of the human past and the models of adaptation developed in the IPCC reports. This is a big gap. The most...
Correlating climate change and archaeological record in the Iron Gates Mesolithic (2015)
Material culture record from the Danube Iron Gates Mesolithic reflects a variety of hunter-gatherer adaptive strategies, including shifts in the foraging methods, changes in preferential choices for the raw material extraction, and a variable use of the same locations for residential and/or aggregation camps covering over five millennia. Archaeological debates however remained focused mainly on a few hundred years of the local hunter-gatherers’ interaction with the incoming food producers during...
A Critical Review of Shoreline Modeling Strategies to Identify Known and Unrecorded Cultural Heritage Sites (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Methods for Monitoring Heritage at Risk Sites in a Rapidly Changing Environment", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In this paper, I critically assess models that predict how shoreline change will destroy cultural resources on Southeastern Atlantic seaboard in parts of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, USA. Archaeological site suitability modeling is often synonymous with environmental determinism. However,...
Cruising Along the Coastline: Exploring the Possibilities of using LiDAR Data to predict Climate Change Affects Along the Southern Monterey Coast (2015)
This paper presents the collaborative efforts of the Society for California Archaeology, the US Forest Service and the Cabrillo College Archaeological field school to document sites along the southern Monterey coastline. During the 2012 field season, a new generation of archaeologists documented sites along a 2-mile stretch of coastline in order to study how coastal erosion is affecting these sites. Part of the purpose of this presentation is to highlight the importance of these types of...
Cultural Responses to Climate Changes in Preceramic Coastal Peru (2017)
Research at the archaeological site of Yara in southern coastal Peru has revealed at least three separate levels of human occupation in sequence with several large debris flow deposits. In this extremely arid environment these debris flows represent strong El Niño events that were potentially catastrophic to the inhabitants of the region. Evidence for the repeated occupation of the landscape in the face of these episodic hardships provides a window into human responses to the changing...
The Demise of Angkor: infratructural inertia and climatic instability (2015)
The demise of Angkor and its city-region offers insights into the vulnerability of giant low-density cities to climate extremes. At Angkor, the iterative growth of massive, convoluted and intractable infrastructural networks progressively decreased the resilience of the settlement to changing circumstances by restricting or removing adaptive strategies. The nature and consequences of the water crises in Angkor between the 13th and the 16th centuries has been revealed by a combination of remote...
The Demography of Fire (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Over the past seven years, Alta Heritage Foundation (AHF) has responded to nearly a dozen catastrophic fires on the west coast. AHF is a 501(c) non-profit that works with canine human remains recovery teams to identify cremains, the cremated remains of individuals who were cremated prior to the fire and stored in private residences, and retrieve them for...
Digging the Past- Creating New Pathways for the Future: Graduate Student Perspective from the Field (2015)
As local communities are trying to adapt to the challenges of the anthropocene they are being faced not just with the loss of archaeological sites but also their livelihoods, identity and home. When living in a small island developing state (SIDS), the partnership of cultural heritage investigations with citizen science, transcends theory and provides the local participants with the tools to conserve and preserve the stories of the past while making empowered solutions towards challenges of the...
The Disappearing Island: The Effect of Imminent Displacement on Social Exchange Relations on Tangier Island (WGF - Dissertation Fieldwork Grant) (2018)
This resource is an application for the Dissertation Fieldwork Grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundation. Tangier Island is a small, incorporated town, just over one square mile, of 470 inhabitants in the Chesapeake Bay, belonging to Accomack County, in the Commonwealth of Virginia, USA. Its residents are densely related watermen and their families--mostly white, lower income, politically conservative, Christian, and skeptical of science and climate change. Endogamous marriage is preferred,...
Dismantling Disaster Capitalism: What Does the New Green Deal Look Like for Archaeology? (2021)
This is a forum/panel proposal presented at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Disaster capitalism takes place as private industries spring up to directly profit from large-scale crises, like natural disasters or wars, while exploiting and exacerbating existing inequalities. In the United States, the current administration’s Executive Order waiving environmental review is one example of disaster capitalism in that it removes regulations to spur economic growth....
Dismantling Inequities of Disaster: A Speculative Archaeology Approach (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Equity in the Archaeology of Disaster, Past, Present, and Future" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. When severe weather events strike, disaster ensues, leaving a catastrophic and at times an apocalyptic wake. This wake ripples through populations differently, generally preying on those already on the margins prior to the event and amplifying the structural inequities, whether they are economic, social, political, or...
The Disparate and Unexpected Impacts of Climate Change and Other Crises on Cultural Heritage: Case Studies from Three Continents (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Cultural Heritage During Crises: Crime, Conflict, and Climate Change", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Some of the impacts of climate change and other crises on cultural resources have been anticipated by archaeologists, such as rising sea level, but there are also numerous less obvious or even unexpected impacts of these crises. Using recent archaeological investigations in Central and North America as case...
The Domestication and Migration of Zea mays L. in Association with Holocene Climatic Variance (2015)
Maize is known to have originated in Mesoamerica from which it spread north and south adapting to many varied climatic and environmental conditions. This study details the origin of the species Zea mays L. The teosinte hypothesis and the concepts of seasonality and scheduling are used to discuss the domestication of maize by means of human selection. This information is used to highlight the basic circumstances necessary within a human population for maize agriculture to be adopted. Furthermore,...
Downpours, Storm Surges and Wildfires, Oh My! A Look at how Climate Change will Affect the Archaeological Record of San Diego County (2015)
The effects of climate change on the physical environment are just recently beginning to be understood by scientists and local planning agencies. Climate Action Plans and Future Proofing studies are being conducted to help planners implement policies and plans to protect communities from the various effects of rising temperatures, fluctuating weather patterns, more intense storm and flood events, sea level rise, and ocean acidification. However, one area of research that has not received much...
Drowning the Library: Sea-Level Rise and Archaeological Site Destruction in the Southeastern United States (2018)
The impacts of past and projected climate change and specifically sea level fluctuations on heritage resources are examined across the southeastern US using site and environmental data integrated in DINAA (Digital Index of North American Archaeology). Minor changes in sea level have shaped human settlement from the late Pleistocene onward, including in recent millennia when shorelines are incorrectly assumed to have stabilized at or near present levels. In the near term, tens of thousands of...
Ecology and Great Plains Studies (1991)
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Encounters or Exposures? A Methodical Approach to Coastal Resiliency. (2016)
Climate change is unequivocal and recently the federal government has developed collaborative initiatives between the Departments of the Interior, Department of Agriculture, Environmental Protection Agency, NOAA, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to identify natural and historic resources that require conservation and restoration to ensure they are more resilient to changing climate. Coastal resiliency, in particular, implies the need to maintain appropriate storm barriers, such as sand...
Engaging Community in Climate Change, Heritage Resource Management and Citizen Science: Examples from Florida’s National Parks (2018)
The National Park Service’s core mission is to protect and preserve unimpaired for future generations natural and cultural resources under its management. Climate change presents unprecedented challenges as humans have set in motion an unstoppable sea-level rise that will eventually submerge, damage and destroy many heritage resources. Many sites are already undergoing severe erosion, and we struggle with prioritizing limited resources for protecting sites. What are our options? Using case...
Environmental Factors Affecting Death Valley National Park’s Historical Archeological Sites. (2016)
Connecting specific site ecology, adaptation strategies, and location selection preferences for residential and mining resources at Death Valley National Park, the objectives of this study, are key tools that archeologists bring to the situation of climate change. We use an ecological niche modeling approach that identifies bias as well as preference for site selection. Specifically, the models output predict suitability and probability of where specific site types are situated across the...
Evidence for Climate Change During the 3rd – 5th Century CE: The microvertebrate evidence from Tel Huqoq, Israel (2015)
The 3rd-5th century CE Levant is known as a time period in which climatic conditions of the southern region were wetter than today. The climatic system of the northern Levant differs from the south, which raises the question of whether or not there was climate change in the north. At present there is no paleoecological data within the northern Galilee. Thus, obtaining paleoecological data is vital for understanding how climate may have affected the local social and economic sphere. The...