North America (Geographic Keyword)
3,151-3,175 (3,468 Records)
Hierarchical, capitalist society, though inherently domineering and oppressive, creates spaces for self-actualization. These spaces, most often transitory and short-lived, allow for a degree of class-based self-liberation. Using ideas from anarchist thinkers, I explore the concept of self-liberation with specific reference to two archaeological sites: the seventeenth-century maroon community of Palmares in northeast Brazil, and a nineteenth-century tenant-farming community in central Ireland...
Towasa Diaspora: Ignoring the European Presence as a Response to Colonization (2015)
Discovery of a small Muskogee-tradition component at site 1BA664, overlooking the Gulf of Mexico in Orange Beach, Alabama, is tentatively identified as a fishing and hunting camp of the Towasas, radiocarbon dated to ca. 1700. Propelled westward by British and Creek slaving raids in 1705 that destroyed their towns in north Florida, the Towasas have never before been linked to an archaeological site assemblage. Artifacts from site 1BA664 suggest minimal acquisition of European technology, despite...
Town and Country: New Philadelphia, Illinois and Social Dynamics Over the Urban-Rural Divide (2018)
The Louisa McWorter home site provides a rare opportunity to explore social dynamics and community relations within the 19th century integrated town of New Philadelphia, Illinois. Louisa, an African-American woman freed from slavery as a child, married one of the sons of town founders Frank and Lucy McWorter. Widowed early in her marriage, Louisa became legal head of household and owner of multiple lots in New Philadelphia as well as several hundred acres of farmland. My historical and...
Town and Gown: Foodways in Antebellum Chapel Hill, NC (2016)
Chartered in 1789 and enrolling students in 1795, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is one of three schools that claims the title of oldest public university in the United States. Despite this storied history, relatively little is known about the lives of antebellum university and Chapel Hill residents, particularly archaeologically. In October 2011, contractors excavated a trench around the Battle, Vance, and Pettigrew buildings at UNC. In the process, they exposed archaeological...
The Town of Jay, Florida: A Crossroads in History (2013)
The Town of Jay, located in Northwest Florida, is seemingly typical of a small agricultural community in this region; however this community’s connections to various individuals and entities, including the Panton, Leslie and Co.Trading Company, provide a unique glimpse into early settlement patterns in North Florida. A team of archaeologists and historians worked together to record all historic properties. Local informants with long-standing connections to the community, including individuals of...
Tracing Communities and Mapping Exchange Networks of the Great Lakes in the 17th Century (2018)
Identifying historically documented ethnic groups in the archaeological record benefits from pragmatic approaches to material culture studies and regional-scale analyses of interaction. Ongoing investigations of the dispersal and migration of Huron-Wendat and other Indigenous peoples of eastern North America as an outcome of colonialism in 17th century are applying archaeometric analysis methods to glass trade beads to trace population movements and exchange networks. Chemical elements calcium,...
Tracing the Human Exploitation of Salmonids on the Pacific Coast of North America (2019)
This is an abstract from the "HumAnE Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) are important economic and subsistence resources for contemporary and past indigenous peoples of the Pacific coast of North America. The seven recognised Oncorhynchus species each occupy different ecological niches and exhibit diversity in seasonal spawning and migratory behaviours. Although salmonid remains are ubiquitous at...
Tracking Early Human Presence in North America and Beringia during the Late Pleistocene through Bayesian Age Modeling (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The timing of early human presence in the Americas is a debated topic in First Americans research. The variable of time is, after all, fundamental in the study of human dispersal; it forms a base with which to elucidate spatio-temporal patterns, study applicable bio-cultural processes, and frame environmental data. As such, this investigation analyses current...
Tracking The Shipwreck Trails Of Time (2017)
This abstract contains a new methodology for locating scattered artifacts from the orginal shipwreck site by using NOAA data and oceanographic theory.
Trade and Mobility in the Late Eighteenth-Century River World of the Western Great Lakes: the Case of Réaume’s Leaf River Post (2018)
This paper examines the lived experiences of French Canadian fur traders in the late eighteenth-century western Great Lakes region. Even as they labored under – sometimes actively resisted - the Anglo-Scot masters of the trade, a life of travel away from colonial centers provided an arena for voyageurs to enact and reproduce distinct sets of fur trade practices through the transmission of knowledge on the spot, as well as create a place for themselves at the intersection of British colonial...
Trade Goods and Cultural Artifacts: The Odyssey Model (2013)
Enormous costs are involved in conducting deep-sea archaeological fieldwork, proper conservation, research and curation of recovered artifacts, followed by publication of the results. With governments facing a dire economic outlook, where will the funding come from to excavate shipwreck sites before they are destroyed by natural and manmade forces? To help finance projects, Odyssey proposes a model whereby science and commerce are compatible, with the goal of preserving underwater cultural...
Trade Winds and Rich Red Soil: Memory and Collective Heritage at Millars Settlement, Eleuthera, Bahamas (2015)
In 1783, following the American Revolution, the British government resettled thousands of Loyalists throughout the Bahamas. The mostly American-born Loyalists brought in captivity, a large population of American-born African descent peoples and were given Bahamian land grants to establish a cotton plantation economy. Cotton never faired well and most plantations shifted toward subsistence activities and basic needs until slavery ended in 1838. Although former plantation owners and emancipated...
Traditional Associations?: Public History, Collaborative Practice, and Alternative Histories (2015)
In recent years, public historians have placed increased emphasis on collaborative practice—the need to reach out to an expanded array of community stakeholders, the desire to share authority through co-creative planning processes, and the effort to create engaging experiences for visitors. These developments have been motivated, in part, by an effort to diversify the public history landscape and to incorporate non-white and non-elite histories into public memory. This paper will explore the...
Traditional Cultural Property Study of Camp Bowie, Brown County, Texas (2018)
Camp Bowie, near the headwaters of the Colorado River in Brown County, Texas, is surrounded by what the Spanish referred to as "Comanchería," or Comanche Country. The Texas Military Department completed a Traditional Cultural Properties (TCP) survey of Camp Bowie during which, representatives of the Comanche Nation visited a total of 45 sites and identified six locales as TCPs, while defining historic Comanche components for 41 sites. The Mescalero Apache visited a total of 31 sites, including...
A Trail of Tools: An Analysis Exploring the Procurement, Use, and Repair of Agricultural Tools at George Washington's Mount Vernon (2017)
During his lifetime, George Washington's Mount Vernon Estate spanned 8,000 acres and encompassed five separate farms, four of which were used for large-scale cultivation of field crops. The exception was Mansion House Farm, where the only cultivation consisted of kitchen gardens, vineyards, and some agricultural experimentation. Yet a substantial number of iron agricultural tools have been found archaeologically. This study addresses the anomaly by focusing specifically on the agricultural hoes...
Trailing Lewis & Clark: Inventorying Prehistory at the Point of Contact (2018)
During their 1803-05 westward journey, the Lewis and Clark Expedition described the presence of native graves, mounds, abandoned villages, and rock art. Previous archaeological research, centered around the 2005 Bicentennial, focused on the verification of campsites used by the members of the Corps of Discovery. Public interpretation of their Trail has likewise focused on the explorers themselves, neglecting both the Native context in which they traveled as well as the deeper history of their...
A Training Site Of Sorts: Pillar Dollar Wreck Investigations in Biscayne National Park (2017)
Two seasons of East Carolina University’s Program in Maritime Archaeology field school have focused on the Pillar Dollar Shipwreck in Biscayne National Park. Named by locals after Spanish pillar dollar coins, the shipwreck was once a training site for treasure hunters in the 1960s. Despite suffering years of looting and treasure hunting, the shipwreck is remarkably robust with large sections of the structure buried intact. This paper presents the results of excavation and mapping on this...
"Training to good conduct, and instructing in household labor:" Sewing at the Industrial School for Girls, Dorchester, MA (2018)
In the mid-19th century, a practical working knowledge of domestic arts, such as sewing, was necessary to navigate daily life. However, excelling in these skills was seen as significant not only because of the functional use of the work, but also as associated with desirable personal qualities of neatness, thrift, and morality. The Industrial School for Girls in Dorchester, MA was established not only to foster marketable trade skills, but also to improve the moral character of the young women...
Transcending Dualities and Forging Relationships: An Example from Staunton, Virginia (2016)
For archaeologists artifacts are data, objects to be measured, weighed, described, and interpreted. They are items that can shed light on past political, economic, and social systems. However, the objects we excavate in the field or study in museums also forge multiple connections and obligations in the present and into the future. Considering objects in this way allows one not only to better understand the past, but also to more effectively engage the present. More effectively presenting...
Transcending Geographic Boundaries: Maritime Archaeology Worldwide on the Museum of Underwater Archaeology (2015)
This year, the Museum of Underwater Archaeology (MUA) enters its second decade as a medium for online dissemination of information about maritime archaeology projects at the professional, student, and avocational levels. This paper will highlight the next steps of the MUA as we reach beyond the traditional confines of museum exhibits and actively work to promote endeavors that transcend geographical and disciplinary boundaries. Recent innovations include project centers that focus on multiple...
Transfer-Printed Aesthetics in the Hudson River Valley (2018)
The Hudson River has been a thoroughfare for transporting goods since the early seventeenth century. The Industrial Revolution and the subsequent development of railroad lines and the Erie Canal magnified the role of the Hudson River from Albany to New York City as a major economic artery for the new republic. At the same time, the Staffordshire potteries began producing transfer-printed ceramics for the world market. Manhattan’s docks were flooded with all forms of consumer goods. These goods...
Transferprinted Gastroliths And Identity At Fort Vancouver’s Village (2016)
Transferprinted ceramics and other objects ingested by fowl provide unique data on the household production associated with a fur trade center in the Pacific Northwest. Gastroliths are an indicator of the use of avifauna at archaeological sites, specifically of the Order Galliformes. The presence of ceramic, glass, and other gastroliths at house sites within Fort Vancouver’s Village provide evidence for the keeping and consumption of domestic fowl including chickens and turkeys. The presence and...
Transformation of Native Populations in Seventeenth Century Carolina: Exploring Stylistic Changes in Ashley Series Pottery (2013)
Ashley series pottery archaeologically defines the Indians who lived around Charleston Harbor when the first English settlers arrived in Carolina. Recent excavations and analyses demonstrate a rapid stylistic change in decorative motifs by the mid-seventeenth century, with at least two sub-phases represented in samples from two principal sites; samples from additional sites provide corroborative information and temporal associations into the early eighteenth century. Do these changing motifs...
Transforming the NPS Digital Experience: Media Outreach to Serve Public Archaeology at Fort Vancouver (2016)
National Park Service (NPS) archaeologists and museum professionals must engage the public through media to augment traditional outreach events and programs. Transforming the digital experience is at the heart of the NPS 2016 centennial. The cultural resources program at Fort Vancouver NHS in Vancouver, Washington, engages the public in a variety of archaeology outreach events and works with students in diverse educational contexts. A crucial component of this program is routinely informing the...
Transgressions and Atonements: The Mosaic of Frontier Jewish Domestic Religious Practice in the 19th Century (2016)
The Block Family Farmstead in Washington, Arkansas represents the first Jewish immigrant family to the state and is the most extensively excavated Jewish Diaspora site in North America, dating to the first half of the 19th Century. The site gives unique insight into the domestic practices of a Jewish family in absence of an ecclesiastical support network or coreligionist community. In particular, a pit feature adjacent to the home may indicate the manner in which the Block family transgressed...